Retinoid levels influence enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection and Shiga toxin 2 susceptibility in mice

• Autores: Cabrera, Gabriel; Fernandez-Brando, Romina J; Abrey-Recalde, M J; Baschkier, Ariela; Pinto, Alipio; Goldstein, Jorge; Zotta, Elsa; Meiss, R; Rivas, Marta; Palermo, M.
• Año de publicación: 2014
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Fuente: Infection and Immunity 2014; 82(9):3948-57.
• Materia: Escherichia coli Enterohemorrágica; Toxina Shiga
• Institución: Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán"

Fil: Cabrera, Gabriel. Laboratorio de Patogénesis e Inmunología de Procesos Infecciosos, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX) (CONICET), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires; Argentina.
Fil: Fernández-Brando, Romina J. Laboratorio de Patogénesis e Inmunología de Procesos Infecciosos, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX) (CONICET), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires; Argentina.
Fil: Abrey-Recalde, María Jimena. Laboratorio de Patogénesis e Inmunología de Procesos Infecciosos, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX) (CONICET), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires; Argentina.
Fil: Baschkier, Ariela. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Departamento de Bacteriología. Servicio Fisiopatogenia; Argentina.
Fil: Pinto, Alipio. Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires; Argentina.
Fil: Goldstein, Jorge. Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires; Argentina.
Fil: Zotta, Elsa. Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires; Argentina.
Fil: Meiss, Roberto. Departamento de Patología, Centro de Estudios Oncológicos, Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires; Argentina.
Fil: Rivas, Marta. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Departamento de Bacteriología. Servicio Fisiopatogenia; Argentina.
Fil: Palermo, Marina S. Laboratorio de Patogénesis e Inmunología de Procesos Infecciosos, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX) (CONICET), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires; Argentina.
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a food-borne pathogen that produces Shiga toxin (Stx) and causes hemorrhagic colitis. Under some circumstances, Stx produced within the intestinal tract enters the bloodstream, leading to systemic complications that may cause the potentially fatal hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Although retinoids like vitamin A (VA) and retinoic acid (RA) are beneficial to gut integrity and the immune system, the effect of VA supplementation on gastrointestinal infections of different etiologies has been controversial. Thus, the aim of this work was to study the influence of different VA status on the outcome of an EHEC intestinal infection in mice. We report that VA deficiency worsened the intestinal damage during EHEC infection but simultaneously improved survival. Since death is associated mainly with Stx toxicity, Stx was intravenously inoculated to analyze whether retinoid levels affect Stx susceptibility. Interestingly, while VA-deficient (VA-D) mice were resistant to a lethal dose of Stx2, RA-supplemented mice were more susceptible to it. Given that peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) are known to potentiate Stx2 toxicity, we studied the influence of retinoid levels on the absolute number and function of PMNs. We found that VA-D mice had decreased PMN numbers and a diminished capacity to produce reactive oxygen species, while RA supplementation had the opposite effect. These results are in line with the well-known function of retinoids in maintaining the homeostasis of the gut but support the idea that they have a proinflammatory effect by acting, in part, on the PMN population.