Fast determination of harmala alkaloids in edible algae by capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry

• Autores: Tascon, Marcos; Benavente, Fernando; Sanz-Nebot, Victoria M.; Gagliardi, Leonardo Gabriel
• Año de publicación: 2015
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Materia: Ciencias Exactas; Química; Capillary electrophoresis; Mass spectrometry; MS–MS; Undaria pinnatifida; Harmala alkaloids; Validation
• Institución: Universidad Nacional de La Plata

The use of algae as a foodstuff is rapidly expanding worldwide from the East Asian countries, where they are also used for medical care. Harmala alkaloids (HAlk) are a family of bioactive compounds found in the extracts of some plants, including wakame (Undaria pinnatifida), an edible marine invasive algae. HAlks are based on a characteristic βcarboline structure with at least one amino ionizable group. In this work, we report the successful separation of a mixture of six HAlks (harmine, harmaline, harmol, harmalol, harmane, and norharmane) by capillary electrophoresis ion-trap mass spectrometry (CE-IT-MS) in less than 8 min. Optimum separation in fused-silica capillaries and detection sensitivity in positive-ion mode were achieved using a background electrolyte (BGE) with 25 mmol L⁻¹ ammonium acetate (pH 7.8) and 10 % (v/v) methanol, and a sheath liquid with 60:40 (v/v) isopropanol–water and 0.05 % (v/v) formic acid. The separation method was validated in terms of linearity, limits of detection and quantification, repeatability, and reproducibility. Later, a sample pretreatment was carefully optimized to determine HAlks in commercial wakame samples with excellent recovery and repeatability. For the complex wakame extracts, the MS–MS fragmentation patterns of the different HAlks were useful to ensure a reliable identification. The complete procedure was validated using the standardaddition calibration method, determining matrix effects on the studied compounds. Harmalol, harmine, and harmaline were naturally present in the samples and were quantified at very low concentrations, ranging from 7 to 24 μg kg⁻¹ dry algae.
Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Métodos Analíticos (LIDMA)
Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología de Pinturas