Sex differences in self-construal and in depressive symptoms : predictors of cross-national variation

• Autores: Smith, Peter B.; Easterbrook, Matthew J.; Al-Selim, Heyla; Lun, Vivian Miu Chi; Koc, Yasin; Gul, Pelin; Papastylianou, Dona; Grigoryan, Lusine; Torres, Claudio; Efremova, Maria; Hassan, Bushra; Ahmad, Abd Halim; Al-Bayati, Ahmed; Anderson, Joel; Cross, Susan E.; Delfino, Gisela; Gamsakhurdia, Vladimer; Gavreliuc, Alin; Gavreliuc, Dana; Gunsoy, Ceren; Hakobjanyan, Anna; Lay, Siugmin; Lopukhova, Olga; Hu, Ping; Sunar, Diane; Texeira, Maria Luisa; Mendes Tripodi, Doriana; Diaz Rivera, Paola Eunice; Van Osch, Yvette; Yuki, Masaki; Abbas, Ammar; Ogusu, Natsuki; Kwantes, Catherine T.; Díaz Loving, Rolando; Perez-Floriano, Lorena; Chaleeraktrakoon, Trawin; Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit
• Año de publicación: 2020
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Fuente: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. 2020
• Materia: GENERO; AUTOCONCEPTO; CONTEXTO CULTURAL; PERSONALIDAD; DEPRESION
• Institución: Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina

Fil: Smith, Peter B. University of Sussex. School of Psychology; Reino Unido
Fil: Easterbrook, Matthew J. University of Sussex. School of Psychology; Reino Unido
Fil: Al-Selim, Heyla. King Saud University. Department of Psychology; Arabia Saudí
Fil: Lun, Vivian Miu Chi. Lingnan University. Department of Applied Psychology; Hong Kong
Fil: Koc, Yasin. Groningen University. Department of Social Psychology; Países Bajos
Fil: Gul, Pelin. Iowa State University. Department of Psychology; Estados Unidos
Fil: Papastylianou, Dona. University of Athens. Department of Psychology; Grecia
Fil: Grigoryan, Lusine. Ruhr University. Faculty of Psychology; Alemania
Fil: Torres, Claudio. University of Brasilia. Institute of Psychology; Brasil
Fil: Efremova, Maria. HSE Universit. Centre for Sociocultural Research; Rusia
Fil: Hassan, Bushra. International Islamic University. Department of Psychology; Pakistan
Fil: Ahmad, Abd Halim. Universiti Utara Malaysia. Department of Psychology; Malasia
Fil: Al-Bayati, Ahmed. Lawrence Technological University. Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering; Estados Unidos
Fil: Anderson, Joel. Australian Catholic University and La Trobe University. School of Health and Behavioural Science; Australia
Fil: Cross, Susan E. Iowa State University. Department of Psychology; Estados Unidos
Fil: Delfino, Gisela. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía; Argentina
Fil: Gamsakhurdia, Vladimer. Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University. Department of Psychological Anthropology; Georgia
Fil: Gavreliuc, Alin. West University of Timisoara. Department of Psychology; Rumania
Fil: Gavreliuc, Dana. West University of Timisoara. Department of Teacher Training; Rumania
Fil: Gunsoy, Ceren. Clemson University. College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Hakobjanyan, Anna. Yerevan State University. Faculty of Philosophy and Psychology; Armenia
Fil: Lay, Siugmin. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Psicología; Chile
Fil: Lopukhova, Olga. Kazan Federal University. Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology; Rusia
Fil: Hu, Ping. Renmin University. Department of Psychology; China
Fil: Sunar, Diane. Istanbul Bilgi University. Department of Psychology; Turkey
Fil: Mendes Texeira, Maria Luisa. Mackenzie University. Department of Postgraduate Business Administration; Brasil
Fil: Tripodi, Doriana. Gioia Tauro. Private practice; Italy
Fil: Diaz Rivera, Paola Eunice. Universidad Autónoma de México. Facultad de Psicología; México
Fil: Van Osch, Yvette. Tilburg University. Department of Social Psychology; Países Bajos
Fil: Yuki, Masaki. Hokkaido University. Department of Behavioral Science; Japón
Fil: Abbas, Ammar. University of Baghdad. Department of Chemical Engineering; Irak
Fil: Ogusu, Natsuki. Hokkaido University. Department of Behavioral Science; Japón
Fil: Kwantes, Catherine T. University of Windsor. Department of Psychology; Canadá
Fil: Díaz Loving, Rolando. Universidad Autónoma de México. Facultad de Psicología; México
Fil: Perez-Floriano, Lorena. Universidad Diego Portales. Escuela de Psicología; Chile
Fil: Chaleeraktrakoon, Trawin. Thammasat University. Department of Psychology; Tailandia
Fil: Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit. University of Kent. School of Psychology; Reino Unido
Abstract: Sex differences in aspects of independent versus interdependent self-construal and depressive symptoms were surveyed among 5,320 students from 24 nations. Men were found to perceive themselves as more self-contained whereas women perceived themselves as more connected to others. No significant sex differences were found on two further dimensions of self-construal, or on a measure of depressive symptoms. Multilevel modelling was used to test the ability of a series of predictors derived from a social identity perspective and from evolutionary theory to moderate sex differences. Contrary to most prior studies of personality, sex differences in self-construal were larger in samples from nations scoring lower on the Gender Gap Index, and the Human Development Index. Sex differences were also greater in nations with higher pathogen prevalence, higher self-reported religiosity, and in nations with high reported avoidance of settings with strong norms. The findings are discussed in terms of the interrelatedness of self-construals and the cultural contexts in which they are elicited and the distinctiveness of student samples.