Calyx and stem mould affecting pear fruit cosmetic quality : etiology and management strategies

Autores
Sosa, María Cristina; Lutz, M. Cecilia; Lefort, N.C.; Vera, Lucas
Año de publicación
2016
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión aceptada
Descripción
Argentina is the largest producer and exporter in the Southern Hemisphere of short, medium and long shelf life pears. During 2014’s storage and retail, European markets claimed the presence of a white-grayish mold in calyx and stem affecting fruit cosmetic quality. In ‘Packham’s Triumph’ and ‘Beurred’Anjou’ fruit by light microscopy observation typical structures of Alternaria spp. and Cladosporium spp. were identified and Koch’s postulates were carried out to elucidate their pathogenic role. Infected fruit that were incubated in moist chamber (22°C-7 days) did not develop decay; however, in pathogenicity tests on pears, all isolates of Alternaria spp. were pathogenic. The infection by Alternaria spp. and Cladosporium spp. could originate in the orchard from spores that infect and remain quiescent until the tissues become senescent during storage. Hence, monitoring of the fungal microflora of stem, sepals and fruit bottom (calyx) was performed. Both pathogens grew from setting fruit, with prevalence in sepals of Cladosporium spp. (20%) at 15 days after full bloom (DAFB) and Alternaria spp. (76%) at 60 DAFB. In the search for putative management strategies, the effectiveness of pyraclostrobin plus boscalid fungicides was evaluated. These inhibited the mycelial development of Alternaria spp. (98%), and Cladosporium spp. (100%). In 2013-2014 the effectiveness of the two fungicides in controlling mould of pear fruit, was evaluated in the orchard. A single application, 7 days before harvest, reduced the incidence of stem mould. Furthermore, the effect of disinfectants over cross-contamination in immersion tanks along the packing-line, was evaluated. Peracetic acid was the best disinfectant since it reduced the incidence of fruit mould decay in about 33%, even after storage for 30 days at -1/0°C plus 7 days of shelf-life at 22°C. The calyx and stem mould of pear fruit by Alternaria spp. and Cladosporium spp. can be controlled by using pre- and postharvest combined strategies as well as improving the cosmetic quality of the fruit.
Fil: Sosa, María Cristina. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina
Fil: Lutz, M. Cecilia. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina
Fil: Vera, Lucas. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina
Fuente
Acta Horticulturae 1144. ISHS 2016
Materia
Stem mold
Calyx mold
Pre-and postharvest treatments
Fungal pathogens
Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
Repositorio Digital Institucional (UNCo)
Institución
Universidad Nacional del Comahue
OAI Identificador
oai:rdi.uncoma.edu.ar:uncomaid/15546

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network_name_str Repositorio Digital Institucional (UNCo)
spelling Calyx and stem mould affecting pear fruit cosmetic quality : etiology and management strategiesSosa, María CristinaLutz, M. CeciliaLefort, N.C.Vera, LucasStem moldCalyx moldPre-and postharvest treatmentsFungal pathogensCiencias Agrarias y ForestalesArgentina is the largest producer and exporter in the Southern Hemisphere of short, medium and long shelf life pears. During 2014’s storage and retail, European markets claimed the presence of a white-grayish mold in calyx and stem affecting fruit cosmetic quality. In ‘Packham’s Triumph’ and ‘Beurred’Anjou’ fruit by light microscopy observation typical structures of Alternaria spp. and Cladosporium spp. were identified and Koch’s postulates were carried out to elucidate their pathogenic role. Infected fruit that were incubated in moist chamber (22°C-7 days) did not develop decay; however, in pathogenicity tests on pears, all isolates of Alternaria spp. were pathogenic. The infection by Alternaria spp. and Cladosporium spp. could originate in the orchard from spores that infect and remain quiescent until the tissues become senescent during storage. Hence, monitoring of the fungal microflora of stem, sepals and fruit bottom (calyx) was performed. Both pathogens grew from setting fruit, with prevalence in sepals of Cladosporium spp. (20%) at 15 days after full bloom (DAFB) and Alternaria spp. (76%) at 60 DAFB. In the search for putative management strategies, the effectiveness of pyraclostrobin plus boscalid fungicides was evaluated. These inhibited the mycelial development of Alternaria spp. (98%), and Cladosporium spp. (100%). In 2013-2014 the effectiveness of the two fungicides in controlling mould of pear fruit, was evaluated in the orchard. A single application, 7 days before harvest, reduced the incidence of stem mould. Furthermore, the effect of disinfectants over cross-contamination in immersion tanks along the packing-line, was evaluated. Peracetic acid was the best disinfectant since it reduced the incidence of fruit mould decay in about 33%, even after storage for 30 days at -1/0°C plus 7 days of shelf-life at 22°C. The calyx and stem mould of pear fruit by Alternaria spp. and Cladosporium spp. can be controlled by using pre- and postharvest combined strategies as well as improving the cosmetic quality of the fruit.Fil: Sosa, María Cristina. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Lutz, M. Cecilia. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Vera, Lucas. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaISHS2016info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfpp. 245-251application/pdfhttp://rdi.uncoma.edu.ar/handle/uncomaid/155460567-75722406-6168Acta Horticulturae 1144. ISHS 2016reponame:Repositorio Digital Institucional (UNCo)instname:Universidad Nacional del Comahueenghttps://www.actahort.org/members/showpdf?booknrarnr=1144_36info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/2025-09-29T14:28:44Zoai:rdi.uncoma.edu.ar:uncomaid/15546instacron:UNCoInstitucionalhttp://rdi.uncoma.edu.ar/Universidad públicaNo correspondehttp://rdi.uncoma.edu.ar/oaimirtha.mateo@biblioteca.uncoma.edu.ar; adriana.acuna@biblioteca.uncoma.edu.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:71082025-09-29 14:28:44.964Repositorio Digital Institucional (UNCo) - Universidad Nacional del Comahuefalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Calyx and stem mould affecting pear fruit cosmetic quality : etiology and management strategies
title Calyx and stem mould affecting pear fruit cosmetic quality : etiology and management strategies
spellingShingle Calyx and stem mould affecting pear fruit cosmetic quality : etiology and management strategies
Sosa, María Cristina
Stem mold
Calyx mold
Pre-and postharvest treatments
Fungal pathogens
Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales
title_short Calyx and stem mould affecting pear fruit cosmetic quality : etiology and management strategies
title_full Calyx and stem mould affecting pear fruit cosmetic quality : etiology and management strategies
title_fullStr Calyx and stem mould affecting pear fruit cosmetic quality : etiology and management strategies
title_full_unstemmed Calyx and stem mould affecting pear fruit cosmetic quality : etiology and management strategies
title_sort Calyx and stem mould affecting pear fruit cosmetic quality : etiology and management strategies
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Sosa, María Cristina
Lutz, M. Cecilia
Lefort, N.C.
Vera, Lucas
author Sosa, María Cristina
author_facet Sosa, María Cristina
Lutz, M. Cecilia
Lefort, N.C.
Vera, Lucas
author_role author
author2 Lutz, M. Cecilia
Lefort, N.C.
Vera, Lucas
author2_role author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Stem mold
Calyx mold
Pre-and postharvest treatments
Fungal pathogens
Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales
topic Stem mold
Calyx mold
Pre-and postharvest treatments
Fungal pathogens
Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Argentina is the largest producer and exporter in the Southern Hemisphere of short, medium and long shelf life pears. During 2014’s storage and retail, European markets claimed the presence of a white-grayish mold in calyx and stem affecting fruit cosmetic quality. In ‘Packham’s Triumph’ and ‘Beurred’Anjou’ fruit by light microscopy observation typical structures of Alternaria spp. and Cladosporium spp. were identified and Koch’s postulates were carried out to elucidate their pathogenic role. Infected fruit that were incubated in moist chamber (22°C-7 days) did not develop decay; however, in pathogenicity tests on pears, all isolates of Alternaria spp. were pathogenic. The infection by Alternaria spp. and Cladosporium spp. could originate in the orchard from spores that infect and remain quiescent until the tissues become senescent during storage. Hence, monitoring of the fungal microflora of stem, sepals and fruit bottom (calyx) was performed. Both pathogens grew from setting fruit, with prevalence in sepals of Cladosporium spp. (20%) at 15 days after full bloom (DAFB) and Alternaria spp. (76%) at 60 DAFB. In the search for putative management strategies, the effectiveness of pyraclostrobin plus boscalid fungicides was evaluated. These inhibited the mycelial development of Alternaria spp. (98%), and Cladosporium spp. (100%). In 2013-2014 the effectiveness of the two fungicides in controlling mould of pear fruit, was evaluated in the orchard. A single application, 7 days before harvest, reduced the incidence of stem mould. Furthermore, the effect of disinfectants over cross-contamination in immersion tanks along the packing-line, was evaluated. Peracetic acid was the best disinfectant since it reduced the incidence of fruit mould decay in about 33%, even after storage for 30 days at -1/0°C plus 7 days of shelf-life at 22°C. The calyx and stem mould of pear fruit by Alternaria spp. and Cladosporium spp. can be controlled by using pre- and postharvest combined strategies as well as improving the cosmetic quality of the fruit.
Fil: Sosa, María Cristina. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina
Fil: Lutz, M. Cecilia. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina
Fil: Vera, Lucas. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina
description Argentina is the largest producer and exporter in the Southern Hemisphere of short, medium and long shelf life pears. During 2014’s storage and retail, European markets claimed the presence of a white-grayish mold in calyx and stem affecting fruit cosmetic quality. In ‘Packham’s Triumph’ and ‘Beurred’Anjou’ fruit by light microscopy observation typical structures of Alternaria spp. and Cladosporium spp. were identified and Koch’s postulates were carried out to elucidate their pathogenic role. Infected fruit that were incubated in moist chamber (22°C-7 days) did not develop decay; however, in pathogenicity tests on pears, all isolates of Alternaria spp. were pathogenic. The infection by Alternaria spp. and Cladosporium spp. could originate in the orchard from spores that infect and remain quiescent until the tissues become senescent during storage. Hence, monitoring of the fungal microflora of stem, sepals and fruit bottom (calyx) was performed. Both pathogens grew from setting fruit, with prevalence in sepals of Cladosporium spp. (20%) at 15 days after full bloom (DAFB) and Alternaria spp. (76%) at 60 DAFB. In the search for putative management strategies, the effectiveness of pyraclostrobin plus boscalid fungicides was evaluated. These inhibited the mycelial development of Alternaria spp. (98%), and Cladosporium spp. (100%). In 2013-2014 the effectiveness of the two fungicides in controlling mould of pear fruit, was evaluated in the orchard. A single application, 7 days before harvest, reduced the incidence of stem mould. Furthermore, the effect of disinfectants over cross-contamination in immersion tanks along the packing-line, was evaluated. Peracetic acid was the best disinfectant since it reduced the incidence of fruit mould decay in about 33%, even after storage for 30 days at -1/0°C plus 7 days of shelf-life at 22°C. The calyx and stem mould of pear fruit by Alternaria spp. and Cladosporium spp. can be controlled by using pre- and postharvest combined strategies as well as improving the cosmetic quality of the fruit.
publishDate 2016
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2016
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
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info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://rdi.uncoma.edu.ar/handle/uncomaid/15546
0567-7572
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url http://rdi.uncoma.edu.ar/handle/uncomaid/15546
identifier_str_mv 0567-7572
2406-6168
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://www.actahort.org/members/showpdf?booknrarnr=1144_36
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
pp. 245-251
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv ISHS
publisher.none.fl_str_mv ISHS
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Acta Horticulturae 1144. ISHS 2016
reponame:Repositorio Digital Institucional (UNCo)
instname:Universidad Nacional del Comahue
reponame_str Repositorio Digital Institucional (UNCo)
collection Repositorio Digital Institucional (UNCo)
instname_str Universidad Nacional del Comahue
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio Digital Institucional (UNCo) - Universidad Nacional del Comahue
repository.mail.fl_str_mv mirtha.mateo@biblioteca.uncoma.edu.ar; adriana.acuna@biblioteca.uncoma.edu.ar
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