Exploring the influence of pitch proximity on listener's melodic expectations

Autores
Anta, Juan Fernando
Año de publicación
2013
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Two studies, one correlational and one meta-analytic, were conducted to explore whether pitch proximity influences listeners’ melodic expectations about pitch direction and tonality. Study 1 used a probe-tone task. Specifically, listeners heard fragments of tonal melodies ending on intervals of 1 or 2 semitones, and rated how well individual tones (the probe-tones) continued each fragment. Regression analyses showed that listeners expected probe-tones to be proximate in pitch to the last tone they heard in the fragments, but not to the penultimate one, as there was no evidence of expectations for a change in pitch direction. However, listeners expected probe-tones to be proximate to (at least one of) the other tones they had heard in the fragments, as there was evidence of expectations for a melodic movement toward the bulk of the fragments’ pitch distribution. In addition, the most stable probe-tones in the key of the fragments were more expected than the least stable ones only when they were proximate to the tones presented in the fragments. The results of Study 1 were replicated and extended in Study 2, in which a meta-analysis of data reported in Schellenberg (1996, Experiment 1) was performed. These data had been collected using the same probe-tone task as in Study 1, but different melodic fragments; the fragments ended on intervals of 2 or 3 semitones. Together, the present findings suggest, first, that when small intervals occur in a melody, pitch proximity has only a global influence on expectations about pitch direction; and second, that pitch proximity constrains the influence of tonality on melodic expectation.
Fil: Anta, Juan Fernando. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Bellas Artes; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Materia
Pitch Proximity
Pitch Direction
Tonality
Statistical And Heuristic Learning
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/13580

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spelling Exploring the influence of pitch proximity on listener's melodic expectationsAnta, Juan FernandoPitch ProximityPitch DirectionTonalityStatistical And Heuristic Learninghttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/5.1https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5Two studies, one correlational and one meta-analytic, were conducted to explore whether pitch proximity influences listeners’ melodic expectations about pitch direction and tonality. Study 1 used a probe-tone task. Specifically, listeners heard fragments of tonal melodies ending on intervals of 1 or 2 semitones, and rated how well individual tones (the probe-tones) continued each fragment. Regression analyses showed that listeners expected probe-tones to be proximate in pitch to the last tone they heard in the fragments, but not to the penultimate one, as there was no evidence of expectations for a change in pitch direction. However, listeners expected probe-tones to be proximate to (at least one of) the other tones they had heard in the fragments, as there was evidence of expectations for a melodic movement toward the bulk of the fragments’ pitch distribution. In addition, the most stable probe-tones in the key of the fragments were more expected than the least stable ones only when they were proximate to the tones presented in the fragments. The results of Study 1 were replicated and extended in Study 2, in which a meta-analysis of data reported in Schellenberg (1996, Experiment 1) was performed. These data had been collected using the same probe-tone task as in Study 1, but different melodic fragments; the fragments ended on intervals of 2 or 3 semitones. Together, the present findings suggest, first, that when small intervals occur in a melody, pitch proximity has only a global influence on expectations about pitch direction; and second, that pitch proximity constrains the influence of tonality on melodic expectation.Fil: Anta, Juan Fernando. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Bellas Artes; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaAmerican Psychological Association2013-09info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/13580Anta, Juan Fernando; Exploring the influence of pitch proximity on listener's melodic expectations; American Psychological Association; Psychomusicology: Music, Mind, and Brain; 23; 3; 9-2013; 151-1670275-39872162-1535enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/pmu/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T09:44:37Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/13580instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 09:44:37.579CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Exploring the influence of pitch proximity on listener's melodic expectations
title Exploring the influence of pitch proximity on listener's melodic expectations
spellingShingle Exploring the influence of pitch proximity on listener's melodic expectations
Anta, Juan Fernando
Pitch Proximity
Pitch Direction
Tonality
Statistical And Heuristic Learning
title_short Exploring the influence of pitch proximity on listener's melodic expectations
title_full Exploring the influence of pitch proximity on listener's melodic expectations
title_fullStr Exploring the influence of pitch proximity on listener's melodic expectations
title_full_unstemmed Exploring the influence of pitch proximity on listener's melodic expectations
title_sort Exploring the influence of pitch proximity on listener's melodic expectations
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Anta, Juan Fernando
author Anta, Juan Fernando
author_facet Anta, Juan Fernando
author_role author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Pitch Proximity
Pitch Direction
Tonality
Statistical And Heuristic Learning
topic Pitch Proximity
Pitch Direction
Tonality
Statistical And Heuristic Learning
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5.1
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Two studies, one correlational and one meta-analytic, were conducted to explore whether pitch proximity influences listeners’ melodic expectations about pitch direction and tonality. Study 1 used a probe-tone task. Specifically, listeners heard fragments of tonal melodies ending on intervals of 1 or 2 semitones, and rated how well individual tones (the probe-tones) continued each fragment. Regression analyses showed that listeners expected probe-tones to be proximate in pitch to the last tone they heard in the fragments, but not to the penultimate one, as there was no evidence of expectations for a change in pitch direction. However, listeners expected probe-tones to be proximate to (at least one of) the other tones they had heard in the fragments, as there was evidence of expectations for a melodic movement toward the bulk of the fragments’ pitch distribution. In addition, the most stable probe-tones in the key of the fragments were more expected than the least stable ones only when they were proximate to the tones presented in the fragments. The results of Study 1 were replicated and extended in Study 2, in which a meta-analysis of data reported in Schellenberg (1996, Experiment 1) was performed. These data had been collected using the same probe-tone task as in Study 1, but different melodic fragments; the fragments ended on intervals of 2 or 3 semitones. Together, the present findings suggest, first, that when small intervals occur in a melody, pitch proximity has only a global influence on expectations about pitch direction; and second, that pitch proximity constrains the influence of tonality on melodic expectation.
Fil: Anta, Juan Fernando. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Bellas Artes; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
description Two studies, one correlational and one meta-analytic, were conducted to explore whether pitch proximity influences listeners’ melodic expectations about pitch direction and tonality. Study 1 used a probe-tone task. Specifically, listeners heard fragments of tonal melodies ending on intervals of 1 or 2 semitones, and rated how well individual tones (the probe-tones) continued each fragment. Regression analyses showed that listeners expected probe-tones to be proximate in pitch to the last tone they heard in the fragments, but not to the penultimate one, as there was no evidence of expectations for a change in pitch direction. However, listeners expected probe-tones to be proximate to (at least one of) the other tones they had heard in the fragments, as there was evidence of expectations for a melodic movement toward the bulk of the fragments’ pitch distribution. In addition, the most stable probe-tones in the key of the fragments were more expected than the least stable ones only when they were proximate to the tones presented in the fragments. The results of Study 1 were replicated and extended in Study 2, in which a meta-analysis of data reported in Schellenberg (1996, Experiment 1) was performed. These data had been collected using the same probe-tone task as in Study 1, but different melodic fragments; the fragments ended on intervals of 2 or 3 semitones. Together, the present findings suggest, first, that when small intervals occur in a melody, pitch proximity has only a global influence on expectations about pitch direction; and second, that pitch proximity constrains the influence of tonality on melodic expectation.
publishDate 2013
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2013-09
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/13580
Anta, Juan Fernando; Exploring the influence of pitch proximity on listener's melodic expectations; American Psychological Association; Psychomusicology: Music, Mind, and Brain; 23; 3; 9-2013; 151-167
0275-3987
2162-1535
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/13580
identifier_str_mv Anta, Juan Fernando; Exploring the influence of pitch proximity on listener's melodic expectations; American Psychological Association; Psychomusicology: Music, Mind, and Brain; 23; 3; 9-2013; 151-167
0275-3987
2162-1535
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/pmu/
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv American Psychological Association
publisher.none.fl_str_mv American Psychological Association
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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