Global evidence that cold rocky landforms support icy springs in warming mountains
- Autores
- Brighenti, Stefano; Millar, Constance; Hotaling, Scott; Reato, Agustina; Wiegand, Tim; Hayashi, Masaki; Carturan, Luca; Morriss, Matthew; Bearzot, Francesca; Lencioni, Valeria; Scotti, Alberto; Janicke, Andrina; Fischer, Melina Andrea; Larsen, Stefano; Benech, Andrea; Gschwentner, Andreas; Tolotti, Monica; Bruno, Maria Cristina; Finn, Debra S.; Freppaz, Michele; Herbst, David; Tronstad, Lusha; Comiti, Francesco; Colombo, Nicola
- Año de publicación
- 2025
- Idioma
- inglés
- Tipo de recurso
- artículo
- Estado
- versión publicada
- Descripción
- Climate change is reducing the extent of cold aquatic habitats and their unique biodiversity in mountain areas. However, a variety of cold rocky landforms (CRLs) are thermally buffered and feed cold springs (< 2°C) that may represent climate refugia for cold-adapted organisms. These landforms, hitherto overlooked by freshwater research, include rock glaciers, debris-covered glaciers, talus slopes, protalus ramparts, and young moraines. Here, we investigated the warm-season water temperature of 228 springs from clean (ice) glaciers, CRLs, and reference slopes (not sourced by any of these features) in 13 mountain ranges of Europe, South America, and North America. Only springs from glaciers (90%) and CRLs (45%) had average stream temperatures below the thermal optimum for coldwater organisms of 2°C. Springs fed by CRLs were 3-5°C (up to 9°C) colder than those from nearby reference slopes. In general, cold springs were rarer in mediterranean/semi-arid climates than in temperate and sub-polar climates. Landforms comprising barren and coarse rocky surfaces or ice/rock mix, having a simple or absent soil/vegetation structure, and higher likelihood of permafrost more often supported cold springs. When water temperatures were compared to air temperature, most CRL springs were thermally buffered against warm periods, cumulative heat, and daily temperature fluctuations. With cold conditions maintained in a variety of climates and mountain landscapes, CRL springs in mountains likely have high conservation value. We call for integrated ecological and hydrological research for these ecosystems, aimed at understanding their potential as climate refugia.
Fil: Brighenti, Stefano. Eco Research; Italia. Free University of Bolzano; Italia
Fil: Millar, Constance. United States Department of Agriculture; Estados Unidos
Fil: Hotaling, Scott. State University of Utah; Estados Unidos
Fil: Reato, Agustina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; Argentina
Fil: Wiegand, Tim. University of Wuerzburg; Alemania
Fil: Hayashi, Masaki. University of Calgary; Canadá
Fil: Carturan, Luca. Università di Padova; Italia
Fil: Morriss, Matthew. Utah Geological Survey; Estados Unidos
Fil: Bearzot, Francesca. University of Calgary; Canadá
Fil: Lencioni, Valeria. Muse-museo Delle Scienze; Italia
Fil: Scotti, Alberto. Apem Ltd.; Reino Unido
Fil: Janicke, Andrina. Institute For Interdisciplinary Mountain Research ; Austrian Academy Of Sciences;
Fil: Fischer, Melina Andrea. Institute For Interdisciplinary Mountain Research ; Austrian Academy Of Sciences; . Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Larsen, Stefano. Research And Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach,; Italia
Fil: Benech, Andrea. University Of Turin; Italia
Fil: Gschwentner, Andreas. Institute For Interdisciplinary Mountain Research ; Austrian Academy Of Sciences;
Fil: Tolotti, Monica. Research And Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach; Italia
Fil: Bruno, Maria Cristina. Research And Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach; Italia
Fil: Finn, Debra S.. Missouri State University; Estados Unidos
Fil: Freppaz, Michele. University Of Turin; Italia
Fil: Herbst, David. Sierra Nevada Aquatic Research Laboratory; Estados Unidos
Fil: Tronstad, Lusha. University Of Wyoming (uw);
Fil: Comiti, Francesco. Università di Padova; Italia
Fil: Colombo, Nicola. University Of Turin; Italia - Materia
-
icy seeps
ice-embedded moraine
talus
coarse blocky surface
surface
ice-rock features
climate change
cold habitat - Nivel de accesibilidad
- acceso abierto
- Condiciones de uso
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
- Repositorio
- Institución
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
- OAI Identificador
- oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/269354
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Global evidence that cold rocky landforms support icy springs in warming mountainsBrighenti, StefanoMillar, ConstanceHotaling, ScottReato, AgustinaWiegand, TimHayashi, MasakiCarturan, LucaMorriss, MatthewBearzot, FrancescaLencioni, ValeriaScotti, AlbertoJanicke, AndrinaFischer, Melina AndreaLarsen, StefanoBenech, AndreaGschwentner, AndreasTolotti, MonicaBruno, Maria CristinaFinn, Debra S.Freppaz, MicheleHerbst, DavidTronstad, LushaComiti, FrancescoColombo, Nicolaicy seepsice-embedded morainetaluscoarse blocky surfacesurfaceice-rock featuresclimate changecold habitathttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Climate change is reducing the extent of cold aquatic habitats and their unique biodiversity in mountain areas. However, a variety of cold rocky landforms (CRLs) are thermally buffered and feed cold springs (< 2°C) that may represent climate refugia for cold-adapted organisms. These landforms, hitherto overlooked by freshwater research, include rock glaciers, debris-covered glaciers, talus slopes, protalus ramparts, and young moraines. Here, we investigated the warm-season water temperature of 228 springs from clean (ice) glaciers, CRLs, and reference slopes (not sourced by any of these features) in 13 mountain ranges of Europe, South America, and North America. Only springs from glaciers (90%) and CRLs (45%) had average stream temperatures below the thermal optimum for coldwater organisms of 2°C. Springs fed by CRLs were 3-5°C (up to 9°C) colder than those from nearby reference slopes. In general, cold springs were rarer in mediterranean/semi-arid climates than in temperate and sub-polar climates. Landforms comprising barren and coarse rocky surfaces or ice/rock mix, having a simple or absent soil/vegetation structure, and higher likelihood of permafrost more often supported cold springs. When water temperatures were compared to air temperature, most CRL springs were thermally buffered against warm periods, cumulative heat, and daily temperature fluctuations. With cold conditions maintained in a variety of climates and mountain landscapes, CRL springs in mountains likely have high conservation value. We call for integrated ecological and hydrological research for these ecosystems, aimed at understanding their potential as climate refugia.Fil: Brighenti, Stefano. Eco Research; Italia. Free University of Bolzano; ItaliaFil: Millar, Constance. United States Department of Agriculture; Estados UnidosFil: Hotaling, Scott. State University of Utah; Estados UnidosFil: Reato, Agustina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; ArgentinaFil: Wiegand, Tim. University of Wuerzburg; AlemaniaFil: Hayashi, Masaki. University of Calgary; CanadáFil: Carturan, Luca. Università di Padova; ItaliaFil: Morriss, Matthew. Utah Geological Survey; Estados UnidosFil: Bearzot, Francesca. University of Calgary; CanadáFil: Lencioni, Valeria. Muse-museo Delle Scienze; ItaliaFil: Scotti, Alberto. Apem Ltd.; Reino UnidoFil: Janicke, Andrina. Institute For Interdisciplinary Mountain Research ; Austrian Academy Of Sciences;Fil: Fischer, Melina Andrea. Institute For Interdisciplinary Mountain Research ; Austrian Academy Of Sciences; . Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Larsen, Stefano. Research And Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach,; ItaliaFil: Benech, Andrea. University Of Turin; ItaliaFil: Gschwentner, Andreas. Institute For Interdisciplinary Mountain Research ; Austrian Academy Of Sciences;Fil: Tolotti, Monica. Research And Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach; ItaliaFil: Bruno, Maria Cristina. Research And Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach; ItaliaFil: Finn, Debra S.. Missouri State University; Estados UnidosFil: Freppaz, Michele. University Of Turin; ItaliaFil: Herbst, David. Sierra Nevada Aquatic Research Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Tronstad, Lusha. University Of Wyoming (uw);Fil: Comiti, Francesco. Università di Padova; ItaliaFil: Colombo, Nicola. University Of Turin; ItaliaIOP Publishing2025-07info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/269354Brighenti, Stefano; Millar, Constance; Hotaling, Scott; Reato, Agustina; Wiegand, Tim; et al.; Global evidence that cold rocky landforms support icy springs in warming mountains; IOP Publishing; Environmental Research Letters; 2025; 7-2025; 1-301748-9326CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/adf07finfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1088/1748-9326/adf07finfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-10-22T11:29:51Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/269354instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-10-22 11:29:51.963CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Global evidence that cold rocky landforms support icy springs in warming mountains |
title |
Global evidence that cold rocky landforms support icy springs in warming mountains |
spellingShingle |
Global evidence that cold rocky landforms support icy springs in warming mountains Brighenti, Stefano icy seeps ice-embedded moraine talus coarse blocky surface surface ice-rock features climate change cold habitat |
title_short |
Global evidence that cold rocky landforms support icy springs in warming mountains |
title_full |
Global evidence that cold rocky landforms support icy springs in warming mountains |
title_fullStr |
Global evidence that cold rocky landforms support icy springs in warming mountains |
title_full_unstemmed |
Global evidence that cold rocky landforms support icy springs in warming mountains |
title_sort |
Global evidence that cold rocky landforms support icy springs in warming mountains |
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Brighenti, Stefano Millar, Constance Hotaling, Scott Reato, Agustina Wiegand, Tim Hayashi, Masaki Carturan, Luca Morriss, Matthew Bearzot, Francesca Lencioni, Valeria Scotti, Alberto Janicke, Andrina Fischer, Melina Andrea Larsen, Stefano Benech, Andrea Gschwentner, Andreas Tolotti, Monica Bruno, Maria Cristina Finn, Debra S. Freppaz, Michele Herbst, David Tronstad, Lusha Comiti, Francesco Colombo, Nicola |
author |
Brighenti, Stefano |
author_facet |
Brighenti, Stefano Millar, Constance Hotaling, Scott Reato, Agustina Wiegand, Tim Hayashi, Masaki Carturan, Luca Morriss, Matthew Bearzot, Francesca Lencioni, Valeria Scotti, Alberto Janicke, Andrina Fischer, Melina Andrea Larsen, Stefano Benech, Andrea Gschwentner, Andreas Tolotti, Monica Bruno, Maria Cristina Finn, Debra S. Freppaz, Michele Herbst, David Tronstad, Lusha Comiti, Francesco Colombo, Nicola |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Millar, Constance Hotaling, Scott Reato, Agustina Wiegand, Tim Hayashi, Masaki Carturan, Luca Morriss, Matthew Bearzot, Francesca Lencioni, Valeria Scotti, Alberto Janicke, Andrina Fischer, Melina Andrea Larsen, Stefano Benech, Andrea Gschwentner, Andreas Tolotti, Monica Bruno, Maria Cristina Finn, Debra S. Freppaz, Michele Herbst, David Tronstad, Lusha Comiti, Francesco Colombo, Nicola |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author |
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
icy seeps ice-embedded moraine talus coarse blocky surface surface ice-rock features climate change cold habitat |
topic |
icy seeps ice-embedded moraine talus coarse blocky surface surface ice-rock features climate change cold habitat |
purl_subject.fl_str_mv |
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5 https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1 |
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv |
Climate change is reducing the extent of cold aquatic habitats and their unique biodiversity in mountain areas. However, a variety of cold rocky landforms (CRLs) are thermally buffered and feed cold springs (< 2°C) that may represent climate refugia for cold-adapted organisms. These landforms, hitherto overlooked by freshwater research, include rock glaciers, debris-covered glaciers, talus slopes, protalus ramparts, and young moraines. Here, we investigated the warm-season water temperature of 228 springs from clean (ice) glaciers, CRLs, and reference slopes (not sourced by any of these features) in 13 mountain ranges of Europe, South America, and North America. Only springs from glaciers (90%) and CRLs (45%) had average stream temperatures below the thermal optimum for coldwater organisms of 2°C. Springs fed by CRLs were 3-5°C (up to 9°C) colder than those from nearby reference slopes. In general, cold springs were rarer in mediterranean/semi-arid climates than in temperate and sub-polar climates. Landforms comprising barren and coarse rocky surfaces or ice/rock mix, having a simple or absent soil/vegetation structure, and higher likelihood of permafrost more often supported cold springs. When water temperatures were compared to air temperature, most CRL springs were thermally buffered against warm periods, cumulative heat, and daily temperature fluctuations. With cold conditions maintained in a variety of climates and mountain landscapes, CRL springs in mountains likely have high conservation value. We call for integrated ecological and hydrological research for these ecosystems, aimed at understanding their potential as climate refugia. Fil: Brighenti, Stefano. Eco Research; Italia. Free University of Bolzano; Italia Fil: Millar, Constance. United States Department of Agriculture; Estados Unidos Fil: Hotaling, Scott. State University of Utah; Estados Unidos Fil: Reato, Agustina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; Argentina Fil: Wiegand, Tim. University of Wuerzburg; Alemania Fil: Hayashi, Masaki. University of Calgary; Canadá Fil: Carturan, Luca. Università di Padova; Italia Fil: Morriss, Matthew. Utah Geological Survey; Estados Unidos Fil: Bearzot, Francesca. University of Calgary; Canadá Fil: Lencioni, Valeria. Muse-museo Delle Scienze; Italia Fil: Scotti, Alberto. Apem Ltd.; Reino Unido Fil: Janicke, Andrina. Institute For Interdisciplinary Mountain Research ; Austrian Academy Of Sciences; Fil: Fischer, Melina Andrea. Institute For Interdisciplinary Mountain Research ; Austrian Academy Of Sciences; . Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Larsen, Stefano. Research And Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach,; Italia Fil: Benech, Andrea. University Of Turin; Italia Fil: Gschwentner, Andreas. Institute For Interdisciplinary Mountain Research ; Austrian Academy Of Sciences; Fil: Tolotti, Monica. Research And Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach; Italia Fil: Bruno, Maria Cristina. Research And Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach; Italia Fil: Finn, Debra S.. Missouri State University; Estados Unidos Fil: Freppaz, Michele. University Of Turin; Italia Fil: Herbst, David. Sierra Nevada Aquatic Research Laboratory; Estados Unidos Fil: Tronstad, Lusha. University Of Wyoming (uw); Fil: Comiti, Francesco. Università di Padova; Italia Fil: Colombo, Nicola. University Of Turin; Italia |
description |
Climate change is reducing the extent of cold aquatic habitats and their unique biodiversity in mountain areas. However, a variety of cold rocky landforms (CRLs) are thermally buffered and feed cold springs (< 2°C) that may represent climate refugia for cold-adapted organisms. These landforms, hitherto overlooked by freshwater research, include rock glaciers, debris-covered glaciers, talus slopes, protalus ramparts, and young moraines. Here, we investigated the warm-season water temperature of 228 springs from clean (ice) glaciers, CRLs, and reference slopes (not sourced by any of these features) in 13 mountain ranges of Europe, South America, and North America. Only springs from glaciers (90%) and CRLs (45%) had average stream temperatures below the thermal optimum for coldwater organisms of 2°C. Springs fed by CRLs were 3-5°C (up to 9°C) colder than those from nearby reference slopes. In general, cold springs were rarer in mediterranean/semi-arid climates than in temperate and sub-polar climates. Landforms comprising barren and coarse rocky surfaces or ice/rock mix, having a simple or absent soil/vegetation structure, and higher likelihood of permafrost more often supported cold springs. When water temperatures were compared to air temperature, most CRL springs were thermally buffered against warm periods, cumulative heat, and daily temperature fluctuations. With cold conditions maintained in a variety of climates and mountain landscapes, CRL springs in mountains likely have high conservation value. We call for integrated ecological and hydrological research for these ecosystems, aimed at understanding their potential as climate refugia. |
publishDate |
2025 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2025-07 |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/269354 Brighenti, Stefano; Millar, Constance; Hotaling, Scott; Reato, Agustina; Wiegand, Tim; et al.; Global evidence that cold rocky landforms support icy springs in warming mountains; IOP Publishing; Environmental Research Letters; 2025; 7-2025; 1-30 1748-9326 CONICET Digital CONICET |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/269354 |
identifier_str_mv |
Brighenti, Stefano; Millar, Constance; Hotaling, Scott; Reato, Agustina; Wiegand, Tim; et al.; Global evidence that cold rocky landforms support icy springs in warming mountains; IOP Publishing; Environmental Research Letters; 2025; 7-2025; 1-30 1748-9326 CONICET Digital CONICET |
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/adf07f info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1088/1748-9326/adf07f |
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/ |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
IOP Publishing |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
IOP Publishing |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET) instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
reponame_str |
CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
collection |
CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
instname_str |
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar |
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1846781886897061888 |
score |
12.928904 |