The WHO’s critical bacteria list: scientific response eight years after its implementation and development of an AI-based tool for its monitoring

Autores
Almonacid, Juan Eduardo Robledo; Lombardo, Christian; Romano, Mariana; Quiroga, Agustina; Cambuli Bianchi, Paula; Hualpa, Mauricio; Giai, Constanza; Oviedo, Xiomara María; Salgado Mansur, Ramiro Alejo; Vallejo, Mariana Guadalupe; Quintero, Cristián Andrés
Año de publicación
2025
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Fil: Almonacid, Juan Eduardo Robledo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencia Químicas. Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas. Farmacognosia; Argentina
Fil: Almonacid, Juan Eduardo Robledo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; Argentina
Fil: Lombardo, Christian. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina
Fil: Romano, Mariana. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; Argentina
Fil: Quiroga, Agustina. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; Argentina
Fil: Cambuli Bianchi, Paula. Universidad de Mendoza. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina
Fil: Hualpa, Mauricio. Obra Social de Empleados Públicos; Argentina
Fil: Giai, Constanza. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; Argentina
Fil: Oviedo, Xiomara María. Universidad Nacional de La Rioja. Departamento Académico de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina
Fil: Salgado Mansur, Ramiro Alejo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencia Químicas. Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas. Farmacognosia; Argentina
Fil: Salgado Mansur, Ramiro Alejo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica; Argentina
Fil: Vallejo, Mariana Guadalupe. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencia Químicas. Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas. Farmacognosia; Argentina
Fil: Vallejo, Mariana Guadalupe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica; Argentina
Fil: Quintero, Cristián Andrés. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; Argentina
Fil: Quintero, Cristián Andrés. Universidad de Mendoza. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina
Background: In 2017, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued a global alert identifying 12 bacteria in urgent need of new treatments. Main body: This study assesses the scientific community’s response to this alert by analyzing original research publications using LLMzCor, an AI-based tool developed and validated by our group. To compare trends, we focused on publications from 5 years before and after the alert, specifically on three bacteria listed in the WHO alert, sorted by priority level: Acinetobacter baumannii (Critical), Shigella spp (High), and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Medium) and three non-listed as controls (Rickettsia spp., C. trachomatis, and C. difficile). Articles were classified into three categories: (i) identification of Resistant strains, (ii) development of New treatments, and (iii) Immunization strategies. Results: Although overall publications increased after the WHO alert, no statistically significant changes were found in the reports of Resistant strains over time. The development of New treatments for the listed bacteria showed a slight increase, between 2% and 10%. Furthermore, Immunization strategies remained relatively unchanged, with less than 2%. Meanwhile, LLMzCor demonstrated robust performance across categories, F1-scores ranging from 0.65 to 0.72 in key classifications, while recall peaked at 0.75, indicating a high capacity to identify relevant articles. These results support the model’s reliability for large-scale automated classification of scientific abstracts. Conclusion: These findings, supported by LLMzCor, underscore the urgency of a stronger WHO alert and action plans to develop new strategies against bacterial resistance.
Materia
antibiotic
antibiotic resistance
automatic classifier
treatment
WHO
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Repositorio
UMaza Digital
Institución
Universidad Maza
OAI Identificador
oai:repositorio.umaza.edu.ar:00261/3591
Acceder
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network_name_str UMaza Digital
spelling The WHO’s critical bacteria list: scientific response eight years after its implementation and development of an AI-based tool for its monitoringAlmonacid, Juan Eduardo RobledoLombardo, ChristianRomano, MarianaQuiroga, AgustinaCambuli Bianchi, PaulaHualpa, MauricioGiai, ConstanzaOviedo, Xiomara MaríaSalgado Mansur, Ramiro AlejoVallejo, Mariana GuadalupeQuintero, Cristián Andrésantibioticantibiotic resistanceautomatic classifiertreatmentWHOFil: Almonacid, Juan Eduardo Robledo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencia Químicas. Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas. Farmacognosia; ArgentinaFil: Almonacid, Juan Eduardo Robledo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; ArgentinaFil: Lombardo, Christian. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Romano, Mariana. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Quiroga, Agustina. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Cambuli Bianchi, Paula. Universidad de Mendoza. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Hualpa, Mauricio. Obra Social de Empleados Públicos; ArgentinaFil: Giai, Constanza. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Oviedo, Xiomara María. Universidad Nacional de La Rioja. Departamento Académico de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Salgado Mansur, Ramiro Alejo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencia Químicas. Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas. Farmacognosia; ArgentinaFil: Salgado Mansur, Ramiro Alejo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica; ArgentinaFil: Vallejo, Mariana Guadalupe. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencia Químicas. Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas. Farmacognosia; ArgentinaFil: Vallejo, Mariana Guadalupe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica; ArgentinaFil: Quintero, Cristián Andrés. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Quintero, Cristián Andrés. Universidad de Mendoza. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; ArgentinaBackground: In 2017, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued a global alert identifying 12 bacteria in urgent need of new treatments. Main body: This study assesses the scientific community’s response to this alert by analyzing original research publications using LLMzCor, an AI-based tool developed and validated by our group. To compare trends, we focused on publications from 5 years before and after the alert, specifically on three bacteria listed in the WHO alert, sorted by priority level: Acinetobacter baumannii (Critical), Shigella spp (High), and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Medium) and three non-listed as controls (Rickettsia spp., C. trachomatis, and C. difficile). Articles were classified into three categories: (i) identification of Resistant strains, (ii) development of New treatments, and (iii) Immunization strategies. Results: Although overall publications increased after the WHO alert, no statistically significant changes were found in the reports of Resistant strains over time. The development of New treatments for the listed bacteria showed a slight increase, between 2% and 10%. Furthermore, Immunization strategies remained relatively unchanged, with less than 2%. Meanwhile, LLMzCor demonstrated robust performance across categories, F1-scores ranging from 0.65 to 0.72 in key classifications, while recall peaked at 0.75, indicating a high capacity to identify relevant articles. These results support the model’s reliability for large-scale automated classification of scientific abstracts. Conclusion: These findings, supported by LLMzCor, underscore the urgency of a stronger WHO alert and action plans to develop new strategies against bacterial resistance.2025info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfRobledo Almonacid JE, Lombardo C, Romano M, Quiroga A, Cambuli Bianchi P, Hualpa M, Giai C, Oviedo XMA, Salgado Mansur RA, Vallejo MG and Quintero CA (2025) The WHO’s critical bacteria list: scientific response eight years after its implementation and development of an AIbased tool for its monitoring. Front. Pharmacol. 16:1633382. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1633382https://repositorio.umaza.edu.ar/handle/00261/3591enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/10.3389/fphar.2025.1633382info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/reponame:UMaza Digitalinstname:Universidad Maza2025-10-23T11:18:19Zoai:repositorio.umaza.edu.ar:00261/3591instacron:UMAZAInstitucionalhttp://repositorio.umaza.edu.ar/Universidad privadaNo correspondehttp://repositorio.umaza.edu.ar/oaicienciaytecnica@umaza.edu.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:44192025-10-23 11:18:20.223UMaza Digital - Universidad Mazafalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv The WHO’s critical bacteria list: scientific response eight years after its implementation and development of an AI-based tool for its monitoring
title The WHO’s critical bacteria list: scientific response eight years after its implementation and development of an AI-based tool for its monitoring
spellingShingle The WHO’s critical bacteria list: scientific response eight years after its implementation and development of an AI-based tool for its monitoring
Almonacid, Juan Eduardo Robledo
antibiotic
antibiotic resistance
automatic classifier
treatment
WHO
title_short The WHO’s critical bacteria list: scientific response eight years after its implementation and development of an AI-based tool for its monitoring
title_full The WHO’s critical bacteria list: scientific response eight years after its implementation and development of an AI-based tool for its monitoring
title_fullStr The WHO’s critical bacteria list: scientific response eight years after its implementation and development of an AI-based tool for its monitoring
title_full_unstemmed The WHO’s critical bacteria list: scientific response eight years after its implementation and development of an AI-based tool for its monitoring
title_sort The WHO’s critical bacteria list: scientific response eight years after its implementation and development of an AI-based tool for its monitoring
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Almonacid, Juan Eduardo Robledo
Lombardo, Christian
Romano, Mariana
Quiroga, Agustina
Cambuli Bianchi, Paula
Hualpa, Mauricio
Giai, Constanza
Oviedo, Xiomara María
Salgado Mansur, Ramiro Alejo
Vallejo, Mariana Guadalupe
Quintero, Cristián Andrés
author Almonacid, Juan Eduardo Robledo
author_facet Almonacid, Juan Eduardo Robledo
Lombardo, Christian
Romano, Mariana
Quiroga, Agustina
Cambuli Bianchi, Paula
Hualpa, Mauricio
Giai, Constanza
Oviedo, Xiomara María
Salgado Mansur, Ramiro Alejo
Vallejo, Mariana Guadalupe
Quintero, Cristián Andrés
author_role author
author2 Lombardo, Christian
Romano, Mariana
Quiroga, Agustina
Cambuli Bianchi, Paula
Hualpa, Mauricio
Giai, Constanza
Oviedo, Xiomara María
Salgado Mansur, Ramiro Alejo
Vallejo, Mariana Guadalupe
Quintero, Cristián Andrés
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv antibiotic
antibiotic resistance
automatic classifier
treatment
WHO
topic antibiotic
antibiotic resistance
automatic classifier
treatment
WHO
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Fil: Almonacid, Juan Eduardo Robledo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencia Químicas. Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas. Farmacognosia; Argentina
Fil: Almonacid, Juan Eduardo Robledo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; Argentina
Fil: Lombardo, Christian. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina
Fil: Romano, Mariana. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; Argentina
Fil: Quiroga, Agustina. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; Argentina
Fil: Cambuli Bianchi, Paula. Universidad de Mendoza. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina
Fil: Hualpa, Mauricio. Obra Social de Empleados Públicos; Argentina
Fil: Giai, Constanza. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; Argentina
Fil: Oviedo, Xiomara María. Universidad Nacional de La Rioja. Departamento Académico de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina
Fil: Salgado Mansur, Ramiro Alejo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencia Químicas. Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas. Farmacognosia; Argentina
Fil: Salgado Mansur, Ramiro Alejo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica; Argentina
Fil: Vallejo, Mariana Guadalupe. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencia Químicas. Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas. Farmacognosia; Argentina
Fil: Vallejo, Mariana Guadalupe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica; Argentina
Fil: Quintero, Cristián Andrés. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; Argentina
Fil: Quintero, Cristián Andrés. Universidad de Mendoza. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina
Background: In 2017, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued a global alert identifying 12 bacteria in urgent need of new treatments. Main body: This study assesses the scientific community’s response to this alert by analyzing original research publications using LLMzCor, an AI-based tool developed and validated by our group. To compare trends, we focused on publications from 5 years before and after the alert, specifically on three bacteria listed in the WHO alert, sorted by priority level: Acinetobacter baumannii (Critical), Shigella spp (High), and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Medium) and three non-listed as controls (Rickettsia spp., C. trachomatis, and C. difficile). Articles were classified into three categories: (i) identification of Resistant strains, (ii) development of New treatments, and (iii) Immunization strategies. Results: Although overall publications increased after the WHO alert, no statistically significant changes were found in the reports of Resistant strains over time. The development of New treatments for the listed bacteria showed a slight increase, between 2% and 10%. Furthermore, Immunization strategies remained relatively unchanged, with less than 2%. Meanwhile, LLMzCor demonstrated robust performance across categories, F1-scores ranging from 0.65 to 0.72 in key classifications, while recall peaked at 0.75, indicating a high capacity to identify relevant articles. These results support the model’s reliability for large-scale automated classification of scientific abstracts. Conclusion: These findings, supported by LLMzCor, underscore the urgency of a stronger WHO alert and action plans to develop new strategies against bacterial resistance.
description Fil: Almonacid, Juan Eduardo Robledo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencia Químicas. Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas. Farmacognosia; Argentina
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv Robledo Almonacid JE, Lombardo C, Romano M, Quiroga A, Cambuli Bianchi P, Hualpa M, Giai C, Oviedo XMA, Salgado Mansur RA, Vallejo MG and Quintero CA (2025) The WHO’s critical bacteria list: scientific response eight years after its implementation and development of an AIbased tool for its monitoring. Front. Pharmacol. 16:1633382. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1633382
https://repositorio.umaza.edu.ar/handle/00261/3591
identifier_str_mv Robledo Almonacid JE, Lombardo C, Romano M, Quiroga A, Cambuli Bianchi P, Hualpa M, Giai C, Oviedo XMA, Salgado Mansur RA, Vallejo MG and Quintero CA (2025) The WHO’s critical bacteria list: scientific response eight years after its implementation and development of an AIbased tool for its monitoring. Front. Pharmacol. 16:1633382. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1633382
url https://repositorio.umaza.edu.ar/handle/00261/3591
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/10.3389/fphar.2025.1633382
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:UMaza Digital
instname:Universidad Maza
reponame_str UMaza Digital
collection UMaza Digital
instname_str Universidad Maza
repository.name.fl_str_mv UMaza Digital - Universidad Maza
repository.mail.fl_str_mv cienciaytecnica@umaza.edu.ar
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score 12.471625

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