Kaplan turbine working as a propeller : CFD investigation and experimental validation of generated power fluctuation

Autores
Angulo, Mauricio Abel; Rivetti, Arturo; Lucino, Cecilia Verónica; Liscia, Sergio Oscar
Año de publicación
2019
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Thanks to their ability to adjust automatically the guide vane and runner blades position, the use of Kaplan turbines is advantageous compared to other types in terms of power regulation, as a high efficiency can be attained over a wide range of head and power. However, such features have a cost of a more complex design of the components inside the hub and the main shaft. The number of daily movements of all these components, which is linked to the required power and frequency regulation, leads to wearing and fatigue in the long term. Therefore, the replacement and reparation of components are regular maintenance tasks which, on some occasions, might entail the dismantling of the turbine and the generator when some key hub components fails. In the face of such events, a cost-benefit-based decision must be made concerning to whether repair the turbine to recover its functionality or to operate the Kaplan turbine in propeller mode. In propeller mode, the turbine can operate at on-cam condition for a single load for any given head. For loads other than the corresponding to on-cam condition, an acceptable hydraulic behaviour is not guaranteed, since such use is usually not contemplated in acceptance tests. Therefore, pressure fluctuation due to vortex rope development, cavitation, power instability and structural vibration may arise at loads other than the corresponding to on cam operation. One of the main issues that limits the operation range is the generated power oscillation due to partial load vortex development. This paper presents numerical investigations focusing in this phenomenon. The computational domain includes guide vanes, runner and draft tube. Also, a simplified draft tube consisting in a symmetrical revolution volume is explored. Measurements were performed at prototype scale at same operating conditions and pressure fluctuations, power generation, vibrations and sound emission were recorded. These measurements are then shown and compared with CFD results.
Departamento de Hidráulica
Materia
Ingeniería
Ingeniería Hidráulica
Kaplan turbine
Propeller mode
Vortex rope development
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Repositorio
SEDICI (UNLP)
Institución
Universidad Nacional de La Plata
OAI Identificador
oai:sedici.unlp.edu.ar:10915/124520

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network_name_str SEDICI (UNLP)
spelling Kaplan turbine working as a propeller : CFD investigation and experimental validation of generated power fluctuationAngulo, Mauricio AbelRivetti, ArturoLucino, Cecilia VerónicaLiscia, Sergio OscarIngenieríaIngeniería HidráulicaKaplan turbinePropeller modeVortex rope developmentThanks to their ability to adjust automatically the guide vane and runner blades position, the use of Kaplan turbines is advantageous compared to other types in terms of power regulation, as a high efficiency can be attained over a wide range of head and power. However, such features have a cost of a more complex design of the components inside the hub and the main shaft. The number of daily movements of all these components, which is linked to the required power and frequency regulation, leads to wearing and fatigue in the long term. Therefore, the replacement and reparation of components are regular maintenance tasks which, on some occasions, might entail the dismantling of the turbine and the generator when some key hub components fails. In the face of such events, a cost-benefit-based decision must be made concerning to whether repair the turbine to recover its functionality or to operate the Kaplan turbine in propeller mode. In propeller mode, the turbine can operate at on-cam condition for a single load for any given head. For loads other than the corresponding to on-cam condition, an acceptable hydraulic behaviour is not guaranteed, since such use is usually not contemplated in acceptance tests. Therefore, pressure fluctuation due to vortex rope development, cavitation, power instability and structural vibration may arise at loads other than the corresponding to on cam operation. One of the main issues that limits the operation range is the generated power oscillation due to partial load vortex development. This paper presents numerical investigations focusing in this phenomenon. The computational domain includes guide vanes, runner and draft tube. Also, a simplified draft tube consisting in a symmetrical revolution volume is explored. Measurements were performed at prototype scale at same operating conditions and pressure fluctuations, power generation, vibrations and sound emission were recorded. These measurements are then shown and compared with CFD results.Departamento de Hidráulica2019info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionArticulohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfhttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/124520enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/1755-1315info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1088/1755-1315/240/2/022049info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)reponame:SEDICI (UNLP)instname:Universidad Nacional de La Platainstacron:UNLP2025-09-03T11:01:58Zoai:sedici.unlp.edu.ar:10915/124520Institucionalhttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/Universidad públicaNo correspondehttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/oai/snrdalira@sedici.unlp.edu.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:13292025-09-03 11:01:58.954SEDICI (UNLP) - Universidad Nacional de La Platafalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Kaplan turbine working as a propeller : CFD investigation and experimental validation of generated power fluctuation
title Kaplan turbine working as a propeller : CFD investigation and experimental validation of generated power fluctuation
spellingShingle Kaplan turbine working as a propeller : CFD investigation and experimental validation of generated power fluctuation
Angulo, Mauricio Abel
Ingeniería
Ingeniería Hidráulica
Kaplan turbine
Propeller mode
Vortex rope development
title_short Kaplan turbine working as a propeller : CFD investigation and experimental validation of generated power fluctuation
title_full Kaplan turbine working as a propeller : CFD investigation and experimental validation of generated power fluctuation
title_fullStr Kaplan turbine working as a propeller : CFD investigation and experimental validation of generated power fluctuation
title_full_unstemmed Kaplan turbine working as a propeller : CFD investigation and experimental validation of generated power fluctuation
title_sort Kaplan turbine working as a propeller : CFD investigation and experimental validation of generated power fluctuation
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Angulo, Mauricio Abel
Rivetti, Arturo
Lucino, Cecilia Verónica
Liscia, Sergio Oscar
author Angulo, Mauricio Abel
author_facet Angulo, Mauricio Abel
Rivetti, Arturo
Lucino, Cecilia Verónica
Liscia, Sergio Oscar
author_role author
author2 Rivetti, Arturo
Lucino, Cecilia Verónica
Liscia, Sergio Oscar
author2_role author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Ingeniería
Ingeniería Hidráulica
Kaplan turbine
Propeller mode
Vortex rope development
topic Ingeniería
Ingeniería Hidráulica
Kaplan turbine
Propeller mode
Vortex rope development
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Thanks to their ability to adjust automatically the guide vane and runner blades position, the use of Kaplan turbines is advantageous compared to other types in terms of power regulation, as a high efficiency can be attained over a wide range of head and power. However, such features have a cost of a more complex design of the components inside the hub and the main shaft. The number of daily movements of all these components, which is linked to the required power and frequency regulation, leads to wearing and fatigue in the long term. Therefore, the replacement and reparation of components are regular maintenance tasks which, on some occasions, might entail the dismantling of the turbine and the generator when some key hub components fails. In the face of such events, a cost-benefit-based decision must be made concerning to whether repair the turbine to recover its functionality or to operate the Kaplan turbine in propeller mode. In propeller mode, the turbine can operate at on-cam condition for a single load for any given head. For loads other than the corresponding to on-cam condition, an acceptable hydraulic behaviour is not guaranteed, since such use is usually not contemplated in acceptance tests. Therefore, pressure fluctuation due to vortex rope development, cavitation, power instability and structural vibration may arise at loads other than the corresponding to on cam operation. One of the main issues that limits the operation range is the generated power oscillation due to partial load vortex development. This paper presents numerical investigations focusing in this phenomenon. The computational domain includes guide vanes, runner and draft tube. Also, a simplified draft tube consisting in a symmetrical revolution volume is explored. Measurements were performed at prototype scale at same operating conditions and pressure fluctuations, power generation, vibrations and sound emission were recorded. These measurements are then shown and compared with CFD results.
Departamento de Hidráulica
description Thanks to their ability to adjust automatically the guide vane and runner blades position, the use of Kaplan turbines is advantageous compared to other types in terms of power regulation, as a high efficiency can be attained over a wide range of head and power. However, such features have a cost of a more complex design of the components inside the hub and the main shaft. The number of daily movements of all these components, which is linked to the required power and frequency regulation, leads to wearing and fatigue in the long term. Therefore, the replacement and reparation of components are regular maintenance tasks which, on some occasions, might entail the dismantling of the turbine and the generator when some key hub components fails. In the face of such events, a cost-benefit-based decision must be made concerning to whether repair the turbine to recover its functionality or to operate the Kaplan turbine in propeller mode. In propeller mode, the turbine can operate at on-cam condition for a single load for any given head. For loads other than the corresponding to on-cam condition, an acceptable hydraulic behaviour is not guaranteed, since such use is usually not contemplated in acceptance tests. Therefore, pressure fluctuation due to vortex rope development, cavitation, power instability and structural vibration may arise at loads other than the corresponding to on cam operation. One of the main issues that limits the operation range is the generated power oscillation due to partial load vortex development. This paper presents numerical investigations focusing in this phenomenon. The computational domain includes guide vanes, runner and draft tube. Also, a simplified draft tube consisting in a symmetrical revolution volume is explored. Measurements were performed at prototype scale at same operating conditions and pressure fluctuations, power generation, vibrations and sound emission were recorded. These measurements are then shown and compared with CFD results.
publishDate 2019
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2019
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url http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/124520
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/1755-1315
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1088/1755-1315/240/2/022049
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
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