Association of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus, Bovine Herpesvirus 1, and Neospora caninum with late embryonic losses in highly supplemented grazing dairy cow

• Autores: Quintero Rodríguez, Luis Ernesto; Domínguez, Germán; Alvarado Pinedo, María Fiorella; Travería, Gabriel Eduardo; Moré, Gastón Andrés; Campero, Lucía María; Sota, Rodolfo Luzbel de la; Madoz, Laura Vanina; Giuliodori, Mauricio Javier
• Año de publicación: 2022
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Materia: Ciencias Veterinarias; Bovine viral diarrhea virus; Bovine herpesvirus 1; Neospora caninum; Progesterone; Late embryonic loss; Grazing dairy cow
• Institución: Universidad Nacional de La Plata

The objectives of this study were: 1- to evaluate the association of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV), Bovine Herpes Virus 1 (BoHV-1), and Neospora caninum (N. caninum) with the risk for Late Embryonic Loss (LEL) in grazing dairy cows, 2- to evaluate blood progesterone concentration at the time of LEL occurrence, and 3- to describe a novel ultrasound-guided technique for conceptus sampling. We run a prospective cohort study involving 92 cows (46 LEL and 46 NLEL). An LEL cow was that having an embryo with no heartbeat, detached membranes, or floating structures, including embryo remnants detected at pregnancy check by ultrasonography (US) 28e42 days post-AI, whereas an NLEL cow was that with embryo heartbeats detectable by US at pregnancy check 28e42 d post-IA. We took two blood samples from every cow at pregnancy check by US (the day of LEL detection) and 28 d later to perform serological diagnosis of BVDV, BoHV-1, and N. caninum; and to measure blood progesterone concentration at pregnancy check (28e42 d post-AI).We also sampled the conceptus from all the LEL cows.We performed PCR to detect BVDV, BoHV-1, and N. caninum in sampled conceptuses from LEL cows. Finally, we evaluated the associations of risk factors (serological titers, seroconversion, and progesterone) with LEL odds with logistic models. The risk for LEL was associated with serological titers to BVDV (P ¼ 0.03) and tended to be associated with seroconversion to BVDV, given that 19.6% (9/46) in LEL and 6.5% (3/46) in NLEL cows seroconverted to BVDV (P ¼ 0.09). In addition, BVDV was detected in conceptuses from LEL cows that seroconverted to BVDV but not in LEL cows that did not seroconvert. Conversely, the risk for LEL was not associated with the titers or seroconversion to BoHV-1 and N. caninum. BoHV-1 and N. caninum were not identified in any of the conceptuses. Finally, blood progesterone concentration was similar in LEL and NLEL cows, and it was not associated with the risk for LEL (P ¼ 0.54). In conclusion, BVDV infection is a risk factor for LEL in dairy cows.
Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias
Centro de Diagnóstico e Investigaciones Veterinarias
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas