Botulism in waterfowl: case report in Argentina

Autores
Ovelar, María Florencia; Canton, German Jose; García, Jorge Pablo; Riccio, María Belén; Rodríguez, Alicia Raquel; Farace, María Isabel; Alvarez, Ignacio
Año de publicación
2025
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Introduction: Botulism, a severe neuroparalytic disease caused by the botulinum toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum, poses significant threats to wild birds. This study describes a natural outbreak of type C botulism in waterfowl in the surroundings of a lagoon in Saavedra, Buenos Aires province, Argentina, during January 2021. The outbreak, affecting approximately 300 birds, was attributed to environmental conditions that allowed the proliferation of C. botulinum. Clinical signs included progressive weakness, paresis, flaccid paralysis, difficulties in locomotion and swimming, “limbing neck”, and nictitating membrane protrusion. No gross lesions were observed during autopsies, but mild congestion, hemorrhage, and pulmonary edema were noted microscopically. Toxin type C was detected in feces, serum samples, and lagoon water, confirming the diagnosis. This is the first documented report of waterfowl botulism in central Argentina and highlights the impact that delayed detection can have on bird populations. Background: Botulism, a severe neuroparalytic disease caused by Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins, poses a significant risk to wild birds, especially waterfowl and their ecosystems. Recent trends show an increase in botulism outbreaks in wild birds, likely influenced by climate change impacting environmental factors. Unlike in humans, there is often a lack of regulation and surveillance of botulism in wild birds worldwide. Case presentation: In January 2021, an outbreak of neurological disease characterized by locomotion difficulties, led to the deaths of approximately 300 waterfowl. Results confirmed BoNTs type C establishing the cause of the mortality. Conclusions: This botulism outbreak underscores the critical need for early detection and intervention to prevent significant losses in wild bird populations.
EEA Balcarce
Fil: Ovelar, María Florencia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina
Fil: Cantón, Germán José. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina
Fil: García, Jorge Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina
Fil: Riccio, María Belén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina
Fil: Rodríguez, Alicia Raquel. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas ANLIS. Servicio de Bacteriología Sanitaria; Argentina
Fil: Farace, María Isabel. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas ANLIS. Servicio de Bacteriología Sanitaria; Argentina
Fil: Alvarez, Ignacio. Swedish University of Agriculture Sciences. Department of Clinical Sciences; Suecia
Fuente
Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 67 : 39 (August 2025)
Materia
Aves
Botulism
Aquatic Birds
Bird Diseases
Neurotoxins
Botulismo
Aves Acuáticas
Enfermedades de la Aves
Clostridium botulinum
Neurotoxina
Argentina
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Repositorio
INTA Digital (INTA)
Institución
Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
OAI Identificador
oai:localhost:20.500.12123/23567
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oai_identifier_str oai:localhost:20.500.12123/23567
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spelling Botulism in waterfowl: case report in ArgentinaOvelar, María FlorenciaCanton, German JoseGarcía, Jorge PabloRiccio, María BelénRodríguez, Alicia RaquelFarace, María IsabelAlvarez, IgnacioAvesBotulismAquatic BirdsBird DiseasesNeurotoxinsBotulismoAves AcuáticasEnfermedades de la AvesClostridium botulinumNeurotoxinaArgentinaIntroduction: Botulism, a severe neuroparalytic disease caused by the botulinum toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum, poses significant threats to wild birds. This study describes a natural outbreak of type C botulism in waterfowl in the surroundings of a lagoon in Saavedra, Buenos Aires province, Argentina, during January 2021. The outbreak, affecting approximately 300 birds, was attributed to environmental conditions that allowed the proliferation of C. botulinum. Clinical signs included progressive weakness, paresis, flaccid paralysis, difficulties in locomotion and swimming, “limbing neck”, and nictitating membrane protrusion. No gross lesions were observed during autopsies, but mild congestion, hemorrhage, and pulmonary edema were noted microscopically. Toxin type C was detected in feces, serum samples, and lagoon water, confirming the diagnosis. This is the first documented report of waterfowl botulism in central Argentina and highlights the impact that delayed detection can have on bird populations. Background: Botulism, a severe neuroparalytic disease caused by Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins, poses a significant risk to wild birds, especially waterfowl and their ecosystems. Recent trends show an increase in botulism outbreaks in wild birds, likely influenced by climate change impacting environmental factors. Unlike in humans, there is often a lack of regulation and surveillance of botulism in wild birds worldwide. Case presentation: In January 2021, an outbreak of neurological disease characterized by locomotion difficulties, led to the deaths of approximately 300 waterfowl. Results confirmed BoNTs type C establishing the cause of the mortality. Conclusions: This botulism outbreak underscores the critical need for early detection and intervention to prevent significant losses in wild bird populations.EEA BalcarceFil: Ovelar, María Florencia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; ArgentinaFil: Cantón, Germán José. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; ArgentinaFil: García, Jorge Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Riccio, María Belén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Rodríguez, Alicia Raquel. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas ANLIS. Servicio de Bacteriología Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Farace, María Isabel. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas ANLIS. Servicio de Bacteriología Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Ignacio. Swedish University of Agriculture Sciences. Department of Clinical Sciences; SueciaSpringer2025-08-26T14:17:22Z2025-08-26T14:17:22Z2025-08-07info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/23567https://actavetscand.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13028-025-00824-71751-0147https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-025-00824-7Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 67 : 39 (August 2025)reponame:INTA Digital (INTA)instname:Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuariaenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)2025-10-23T11:19:42Zoai:localhost:20.500.12123/23567instacron:INTAInstitucionalhttp://repositorio.inta.gob.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://repositorio.inta.gob.ar/oai/requesttripaldi.nicolas@inta.gob.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:l2025-10-23 11:19:42.864INTA Digital (INTA) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuariafalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Botulism in waterfowl: case report in Argentina
title Botulism in waterfowl: case report in Argentina
spellingShingle Botulism in waterfowl: case report in Argentina
Ovelar, María Florencia
Aves
Botulism
Aquatic Birds
Bird Diseases
Neurotoxins
Botulismo
Aves Acuáticas
Enfermedades de la Aves
Clostridium botulinum
Neurotoxina
Argentina
title_short Botulism in waterfowl: case report in Argentina
title_full Botulism in waterfowl: case report in Argentina
title_fullStr Botulism in waterfowl: case report in Argentina
title_full_unstemmed Botulism in waterfowl: case report in Argentina
title_sort Botulism in waterfowl: case report in Argentina
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Ovelar, María Florencia
Canton, German Jose
García, Jorge Pablo
Riccio, María Belén
Rodríguez, Alicia Raquel
Farace, María Isabel
Alvarez, Ignacio
author Ovelar, María Florencia
author_facet Ovelar, María Florencia
Canton, German Jose
García, Jorge Pablo
Riccio, María Belén
Rodríguez, Alicia Raquel
Farace, María Isabel
Alvarez, Ignacio
author_role author
author2 Canton, German Jose
García, Jorge Pablo
Riccio, María Belén
Rodríguez, Alicia Raquel
Farace, María Isabel
Alvarez, Ignacio
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Aves
Botulism
Aquatic Birds
Bird Diseases
Neurotoxins
Botulismo
Aves Acuáticas
Enfermedades de la Aves
Clostridium botulinum
Neurotoxina
Argentina
topic Aves
Botulism
Aquatic Birds
Bird Diseases
Neurotoxins
Botulismo
Aves Acuáticas
Enfermedades de la Aves
Clostridium botulinum
Neurotoxina
Argentina
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Introduction: Botulism, a severe neuroparalytic disease caused by the botulinum toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum, poses significant threats to wild birds. This study describes a natural outbreak of type C botulism in waterfowl in the surroundings of a lagoon in Saavedra, Buenos Aires province, Argentina, during January 2021. The outbreak, affecting approximately 300 birds, was attributed to environmental conditions that allowed the proliferation of C. botulinum. Clinical signs included progressive weakness, paresis, flaccid paralysis, difficulties in locomotion and swimming, “limbing neck”, and nictitating membrane protrusion. No gross lesions were observed during autopsies, but mild congestion, hemorrhage, and pulmonary edema were noted microscopically. Toxin type C was detected in feces, serum samples, and lagoon water, confirming the diagnosis. This is the first documented report of waterfowl botulism in central Argentina and highlights the impact that delayed detection can have on bird populations. Background: Botulism, a severe neuroparalytic disease caused by Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins, poses a significant risk to wild birds, especially waterfowl and their ecosystems. Recent trends show an increase in botulism outbreaks in wild birds, likely influenced by climate change impacting environmental factors. Unlike in humans, there is often a lack of regulation and surveillance of botulism in wild birds worldwide. Case presentation: In January 2021, an outbreak of neurological disease characterized by locomotion difficulties, led to the deaths of approximately 300 waterfowl. Results confirmed BoNTs type C establishing the cause of the mortality. Conclusions: This botulism outbreak underscores the critical need for early detection and intervention to prevent significant losses in wild bird populations.
EEA Balcarce
Fil: Ovelar, María Florencia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina
Fil: Cantón, Germán José. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina
Fil: García, Jorge Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina
Fil: Riccio, María Belén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina
Fil: Rodríguez, Alicia Raquel. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas ANLIS. Servicio de Bacteriología Sanitaria; Argentina
Fil: Farace, María Isabel. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas ANLIS. Servicio de Bacteriología Sanitaria; Argentina
Fil: Alvarez, Ignacio. Swedish University of Agriculture Sciences. Department of Clinical Sciences; Suecia
description Introduction: Botulism, a severe neuroparalytic disease caused by the botulinum toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum, poses significant threats to wild birds. This study describes a natural outbreak of type C botulism in waterfowl in the surroundings of a lagoon in Saavedra, Buenos Aires province, Argentina, during January 2021. The outbreak, affecting approximately 300 birds, was attributed to environmental conditions that allowed the proliferation of C. botulinum. Clinical signs included progressive weakness, paresis, flaccid paralysis, difficulties in locomotion and swimming, “limbing neck”, and nictitating membrane protrusion. No gross lesions were observed during autopsies, but mild congestion, hemorrhage, and pulmonary edema were noted microscopically. Toxin type C was detected in feces, serum samples, and lagoon water, confirming the diagnosis. This is the first documented report of waterfowl botulism in central Argentina and highlights the impact that delayed detection can have on bird populations. Background: Botulism, a severe neuroparalytic disease caused by Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins, poses a significant risk to wild birds, especially waterfowl and their ecosystems. Recent trends show an increase in botulism outbreaks in wild birds, likely influenced by climate change impacting environmental factors. Unlike in humans, there is often a lack of regulation and surveillance of botulism in wild birds worldwide. Case presentation: In January 2021, an outbreak of neurological disease characterized by locomotion difficulties, led to the deaths of approximately 300 waterfowl. Results confirmed BoNTs type C establishing the cause of the mortality. Conclusions: This botulism outbreak underscores the critical need for early detection and intervention to prevent significant losses in wild bird populations.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025-08-26T14:17:22Z
2025-08-26T14:17:22Z
2025-08-07
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/23567
https://actavetscand.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13028-025-00824-7
1751-0147
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-025-00824-7
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/23567
https://actavetscand.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13028-025-00824-7
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-025-00824-7
identifier_str_mv 1751-0147
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 67 : 39 (August 2025)
reponame:INTA Digital (INTA)
instname:Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
reponame_str INTA Digital (INTA)
collection INTA Digital (INTA)
instname_str Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
repository.name.fl_str_mv INTA Digital (INTA) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
repository.mail.fl_str_mv tripaldi.nicolas@inta.gob.ar
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