Discontinuities in quinoa biodiversity in the dry Andes: An 18 - century perspective based on allelic genotyping

• Autores: Winkel, Thierry; Aguirre, María Gabriela; Arizio, Carla Marcela; Aschero, Carlos A.; Babot, María del Pilar; Benoit, Laure; Burgarella, Concentta; Costa Tártara, Sabrina María; Dubois, Marie - Pierre; Gay, Laurene; Hocsman, Salomon; Margaux, Jullien; López-Campery, Sara María; Manifesto, Maria Marcela; Navascues, Miguel; Oliszewski, Nurit; Pintar, Elizabeth; Zenboudji, Saliha; Bertero, Héctor Daniel; Joffre, Richard
• Año de publicación: 2018
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Fuente: Plos One 13 (12) : e0207519 (2018)
• Materia: Quinoa; Reservas Genéticas; Gene Pools; Biodiversity; Biodiversidad; Paleogenetics; Populations Genetics; Paleogenética; Genética de Poblaciones; Quinua
• Institución: Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria

History and environment shape crop biodiversity, particularly in areas with vulnerable human communities and ecosystems. Tracing crop biodiversity over time helps understand how rural societies cope with anthropogenic or climatic changes. Exceptionally well preserved ancient DNA of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) from the cold and arid Andes of Argentina has allowed us to track changes and continuities in quinoa diversity over 18 centuries, by coupling genotyping of 157 ancient and modern seeds by 24 SSR markers with cluster and coalescence analyses. Cluster analyses revealed clear population patterns separating modern and ancient quinoas. Coalescence-based analyses revealed that genetic drift within a single population cannot explain genetic differentiation among ancient and modern quinoas. The hypothesis of a genetic bottleneck related to the Spanish Conquest also does not seem to apply at a local scale. Instead, the most likely scenario is the replacement of preexisting quinoa gene pools with new ones of lower genetic diversity. This process occurred at least twice in the last 18 centuries: first, between the 6th and 12th centuries-a time of agricultural intensification well before the Inka and Spanish conquests-and then between the 13th century and today-a period marked by farming marginalization in the late 19th century likely due to a severe multidecadal drought. While these processes of local gene pool replacement do not imply losses of genetic diversity at the metapopulation scale, they support the view that gene pool replacement linked to social and environmental changes can result from opposite agricultural trajectories.
Fil: Winkel, Thierry. Universite Paul - Valery Montpellier. Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes; Francia
Fil: Aguirre, María Gabriela. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales; Argentina. Instituto Miguel Lillo, Tucumán; Argentina
Fil: Arizio, Carla Marcela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Recursos Biológicos; Argentina
Fil: Aschero, Carlos A. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales; Argentina. Instituto Miguel Lillo, Tucumán; Argentina
Fil: Babot, María del Pilar. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales; Argentina. Instituto Miguel Lillo, Tucumán; Argentina
Fil: Benoit, Laure. Universite Paul - Valery Montpellier. Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes; Francia
Fil: Burgarella, Concetta. CIRAD-INRA. Amelioration Genétique et Adaptation des Plantes Mediterranéennes et Tropicales, SupAgro; Francia
Fil: Costa Tartara, Sabrina. Universidad Nacional de Luján. Departamento de Tecnología; Argentina
Fil: Dubois, Marie - Pierre. Universite de Montpellier. Centre décologie Fonitionnelle et evolutive; Francia
Fil: Gay, Laurene. CIRAD-INRA. Amelioration Genétique et Adaptation des Plantes Mediterranéennes et Tropicales, SupAgro; Francia
Fil: Hocsman, Salomon. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales; Argentina. Instituto Miguel Lillo, Tucumán; Argentina
Fil: Margaux, Jullien. CIRAD-INRA. Amelioration Genétique et Adaptation des Plantes Mediterranéennes et Tropicales, SupAgro; Francia
Fil: López - Campery, Sara María. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales; Argentina. Instituto Miguel Lillo, Tucumán; Argentina
Fil: Manifesto, Maria Marcela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Recursos Biológicos; Argentina
Fil: Navascues, Miguel. CBGP, INRA, IRD, CIRAD. Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations, SupAgro; Francia. Institut de Biologie Computationnelle; Francia
Fil: Oliszewski, Nurit. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales; Argentina. Instituto Miguel Lillo, Tucumán; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto Superior de Estudios Sociales; Argentina.
Fil: Pintar, Elizabeth. Austin Community College. Social Sciences Division, ; Estados Unidos
Fil: Zenboudji, Saliha. CNRS. Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive; Francia. Université de Montpellier. UPVM3, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, Francia.
Fil: Bertero, Hector Daniel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Joffre, Richard. CCNRS. Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive; Francia. Université de Montpellier. UPVM3, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, Francia.