Frequencies of β-casein variants and their influence on genetic merit for production traits in Holstein cows

Autores
Caffaro, María Eugenia; Raschia, Maria Agustina; Maizon, Daniel Omar; Poli, Mario Andres
Año de publicación
2024
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Context: Traits considered for selection are influenced by social, consumer, and breeder demands. In the past decades, there has been increasing global interest in producing milk free from the β-casein (CSN2) A1 allele because of the health benefits it may have. This has encouraged many breeders to select A2A2 cows in their dairy cattle herds. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the genetic variation in the bovine CSN2 gene regarding A1-like and A2-like variants and to assess the potential association between these variants and production traits in Holstein cows. Methods: In total, 2600 Holstein cows from three commercial dairy farms with different breeding objectives and phenotypic records taken over different seasons, periods, and lactations were genotyped for single-nucleotide polymorphism rs43703011, which distinguishes A1-like from A2-like β-casein variants. Allele and genotype frequencies were determined and their breeding values for milk, fat, and protein yields, and fat and protein percentages were estimated. The influence of CSN2 genotypes on these breeding values was studied through a one-way ANOVA. For the significant CSN2 genotype–breeding value associations, allele substitution effects were estimated. Key results: We found allele frequencies for A1-like and A2-like alleles in the ranges 0.262–0.366 and 0.634–0.738 respectively, and genotype frequencies in the ranges of 0.043–0.125, 0.43–0.537, and 0.393–0.523 for A1A1, A1A2 and A2A2 genotypes respectively. We demonstrated that the A2-like CSN2 variant correlates with higher estimated breeding values (EBVs) for milk, protein, and fat yields, and lower EBVs for fat and protein percentages. Conclusions: These results are valuable to visualize the trends in CSN2 allele and genotype frequency changes over the years and to analyze the effect of the different variants of β-casein on production performance. Implications: Our findings contribute to evaluating the consequences on dairy performance of selection for the A2-like variant.
Instituto de Genética
Fil: Caffaro, María Eugenia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, (INTA). Instituto de Genética; Argentina
Fil: Raschia, Maria Agustina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, (INTA). Instituto de Genética; Argentina
Fil: Maizon, Daniel Omar. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil; Argentina
Fil: Maizon, Daniel Omar. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina
Fil: Poli, Mario Andres. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, (INTA). Instituto de Genética; Argentina
Fil: Poli, Mario Andres. Universidad del Salvador, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinaria; Argentina
Fuente
Animal Production Science 64 (18) : AN24146 (December 2024)
Materia
Beta-casein
Dairy Cattle
Dairy Cows
Milk Production
Genotypes
Alleles
Breeding Value
Genetic Variation
Beta-caseína
Ganado de Leche
Vaca Lechera
Producción Lechera
Genotipos
Alelos
Valor Genético
Variación Genética
Raza Holstein
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso restringido
Condiciones de uso
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Repositorio
INTA Digital (INTA)
Institución
Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
OAI Identificador
oai:localhost:20.500.12123/22078

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oai_identifier_str oai:localhost:20.500.12123/22078
network_acronym_str INTADig
repository_id_str l
network_name_str INTA Digital (INTA)
spelling Frequencies of β-casein variants and their influence on genetic merit for production traits in Holstein cowsCaffaro, María EugeniaRaschia, Maria AgustinaMaizon, Daniel OmarPoli, Mario AndresBeta-caseinDairy CattleDairy CowsMilk ProductionGenotypesAllelesBreeding ValueGenetic VariationBeta-caseínaGanado de LecheVaca LecheraProducción LecheraGenotiposAlelosValor GenéticoVariación GenéticaRaza HolsteinContext: Traits considered for selection are influenced by social, consumer, and breeder demands. In the past decades, there has been increasing global interest in producing milk free from the β-casein (CSN2) A1 allele because of the health benefits it may have. This has encouraged many breeders to select A2A2 cows in their dairy cattle herds. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the genetic variation in the bovine CSN2 gene regarding A1-like and A2-like variants and to assess the potential association between these variants and production traits in Holstein cows. Methods: In total, 2600 Holstein cows from three commercial dairy farms with different breeding objectives and phenotypic records taken over different seasons, periods, and lactations were genotyped for single-nucleotide polymorphism rs43703011, which distinguishes A1-like from A2-like β-casein variants. Allele and genotype frequencies were determined and their breeding values for milk, fat, and protein yields, and fat and protein percentages were estimated. The influence of CSN2 genotypes on these breeding values was studied through a one-way ANOVA. For the significant CSN2 genotype–breeding value associations, allele substitution effects were estimated. Key results: We found allele frequencies for A1-like and A2-like alleles in the ranges 0.262–0.366 and 0.634–0.738 respectively, and genotype frequencies in the ranges of 0.043–0.125, 0.43–0.537, and 0.393–0.523 for A1A1, A1A2 and A2A2 genotypes respectively. We demonstrated that the A2-like CSN2 variant correlates with higher estimated breeding values (EBVs) for milk, protein, and fat yields, and lower EBVs for fat and protein percentages. Conclusions: These results are valuable to visualize the trends in CSN2 allele and genotype frequency changes over the years and to analyze the effect of the different variants of β-casein on production performance. Implications: Our findings contribute to evaluating the consequences on dairy performance of selection for the A2-like variant.Instituto de GenéticaFil: Caffaro, María Eugenia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, (INTA). Instituto de Genética; ArgentinaFil: Raschia, Maria Agustina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, (INTA). Instituto de Genética; ArgentinaFil: Maizon, Daniel Omar. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil; ArgentinaFil: Maizon, Daniel Omar. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Agronomía; ArgentinaFil: Poli, Mario Andres. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, (INTA). Instituto de Genética; ArgentinaFil: Poli, Mario Andres. Universidad del Salvador, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinaria; ArgentinaCSIRO Publishing2025-04-28T12:56:10Z2025-04-28T12:56:10Z2024-12info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/22078https://www.publish.csiro.au/AN/AN241461836-5787https://doi.org/10.1071/AN24146Animal Production Science 64 (18) : AN24146 (December 2024)reponame:INTA Digital (INTA)instname:Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuariaenginfo:eu-repograntAgreement/INTA/2023-PD-L01-I108, Mejora genética animal en la era de la genómica y la ganadería inteligente: adaptación y resilienciainfo:eu-repograntAgreement/INTA/2023-PD-L01-I087, Caracterización de la diversidad genética de plantas, animales y microorganismos mediante herramientas de genómica aplicada.info:eu-repograntAgreement/INTA/2023-PD-L01-I112, Biotecnologías reproductivas y plataforma de edición génica para animales de interés zootécnico.info:eu-repo/semantics/reference/hdl/20.500.12123/17558info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)2025-09-29T13:47:15Zoai:localhost:20.500.12123/22078instacron:INTAInstitucionalhttp://repositorio.inta.gob.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://repositorio.inta.gob.ar/oai/requesttripaldi.nicolas@inta.gob.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:l2025-09-29 13:47:16.098INTA Digital (INTA) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuariafalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Frequencies of β-casein variants and their influence on genetic merit for production traits in Holstein cows
title Frequencies of β-casein variants and their influence on genetic merit for production traits in Holstein cows
spellingShingle Frequencies of β-casein variants and their influence on genetic merit for production traits in Holstein cows
Caffaro, María Eugenia
Beta-casein
Dairy Cattle
Dairy Cows
Milk Production
Genotypes
Alleles
Breeding Value
Genetic Variation
Beta-caseína
Ganado de Leche
Vaca Lechera
Producción Lechera
Genotipos
Alelos
Valor Genético
Variación Genética
Raza Holstein
title_short Frequencies of β-casein variants and their influence on genetic merit for production traits in Holstein cows
title_full Frequencies of β-casein variants and their influence on genetic merit for production traits in Holstein cows
title_fullStr Frequencies of β-casein variants and their influence on genetic merit for production traits in Holstein cows
title_full_unstemmed Frequencies of β-casein variants and their influence on genetic merit for production traits in Holstein cows
title_sort Frequencies of β-casein variants and their influence on genetic merit for production traits in Holstein cows
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Caffaro, María Eugenia
Raschia, Maria Agustina
Maizon, Daniel Omar
Poli, Mario Andres
author Caffaro, María Eugenia
author_facet Caffaro, María Eugenia
Raschia, Maria Agustina
Maizon, Daniel Omar
Poli, Mario Andres
author_role author
author2 Raschia, Maria Agustina
Maizon, Daniel Omar
Poli, Mario Andres
author2_role author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Beta-casein
Dairy Cattle
Dairy Cows
Milk Production
Genotypes
Alleles
Breeding Value
Genetic Variation
Beta-caseína
Ganado de Leche
Vaca Lechera
Producción Lechera
Genotipos
Alelos
Valor Genético
Variación Genética
Raza Holstein
topic Beta-casein
Dairy Cattle
Dairy Cows
Milk Production
Genotypes
Alleles
Breeding Value
Genetic Variation
Beta-caseína
Ganado de Leche
Vaca Lechera
Producción Lechera
Genotipos
Alelos
Valor Genético
Variación Genética
Raza Holstein
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Context: Traits considered for selection are influenced by social, consumer, and breeder demands. In the past decades, there has been increasing global interest in producing milk free from the β-casein (CSN2) A1 allele because of the health benefits it may have. This has encouraged many breeders to select A2A2 cows in their dairy cattle herds. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the genetic variation in the bovine CSN2 gene regarding A1-like and A2-like variants and to assess the potential association between these variants and production traits in Holstein cows. Methods: In total, 2600 Holstein cows from three commercial dairy farms with different breeding objectives and phenotypic records taken over different seasons, periods, and lactations were genotyped for single-nucleotide polymorphism rs43703011, which distinguishes A1-like from A2-like β-casein variants. Allele and genotype frequencies were determined and their breeding values for milk, fat, and protein yields, and fat and protein percentages were estimated. The influence of CSN2 genotypes on these breeding values was studied through a one-way ANOVA. For the significant CSN2 genotype–breeding value associations, allele substitution effects were estimated. Key results: We found allele frequencies for A1-like and A2-like alleles in the ranges 0.262–0.366 and 0.634–0.738 respectively, and genotype frequencies in the ranges of 0.043–0.125, 0.43–0.537, and 0.393–0.523 for A1A1, A1A2 and A2A2 genotypes respectively. We demonstrated that the A2-like CSN2 variant correlates with higher estimated breeding values (EBVs) for milk, protein, and fat yields, and lower EBVs for fat and protein percentages. Conclusions: These results are valuable to visualize the trends in CSN2 allele and genotype frequency changes over the years and to analyze the effect of the different variants of β-casein on production performance. Implications: Our findings contribute to evaluating the consequences on dairy performance of selection for the A2-like variant.
Instituto de Genética
Fil: Caffaro, María Eugenia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, (INTA). Instituto de Genética; Argentina
Fil: Raschia, Maria Agustina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, (INTA). Instituto de Genética; Argentina
Fil: Maizon, Daniel Omar. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil; Argentina
Fil: Maizon, Daniel Omar. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina
Fil: Poli, Mario Andres. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, (INTA). Instituto de Genética; Argentina
Fil: Poli, Mario Andres. Universidad del Salvador, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinaria; Argentina
description Context: Traits considered for selection are influenced by social, consumer, and breeder demands. In the past decades, there has been increasing global interest in producing milk free from the β-casein (CSN2) A1 allele because of the health benefits it may have. This has encouraged many breeders to select A2A2 cows in their dairy cattle herds. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the genetic variation in the bovine CSN2 gene regarding A1-like and A2-like variants and to assess the potential association between these variants and production traits in Holstein cows. Methods: In total, 2600 Holstein cows from three commercial dairy farms with different breeding objectives and phenotypic records taken over different seasons, periods, and lactations were genotyped for single-nucleotide polymorphism rs43703011, which distinguishes A1-like from A2-like β-casein variants. Allele and genotype frequencies were determined and their breeding values for milk, fat, and protein yields, and fat and protein percentages were estimated. The influence of CSN2 genotypes on these breeding values was studied through a one-way ANOVA. For the significant CSN2 genotype–breeding value associations, allele substitution effects were estimated. Key results: We found allele frequencies for A1-like and A2-like alleles in the ranges 0.262–0.366 and 0.634–0.738 respectively, and genotype frequencies in the ranges of 0.043–0.125, 0.43–0.537, and 0.393–0.523 for A1A1, A1A2 and A2A2 genotypes respectively. We demonstrated that the A2-like CSN2 variant correlates with higher estimated breeding values (EBVs) for milk, protein, and fat yields, and lower EBVs for fat and protein percentages. Conclusions: These results are valuable to visualize the trends in CSN2 allele and genotype frequency changes over the years and to analyze the effect of the different variants of β-casein on production performance. Implications: Our findings contribute to evaluating the consequences on dairy performance of selection for the A2-like variant.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024-12
2025-04-28T12:56:10Z
2025-04-28T12:56:10Z
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/22078
https://www.publish.csiro.au/AN/AN24146
1836-5787
https://doi.org/10.1071/AN24146
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/22078
https://www.publish.csiro.au/AN/AN24146
https://doi.org/10.1071/AN24146
identifier_str_mv 1836-5787
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repograntAgreement/INTA/2023-PD-L01-I108, Mejora genética animal en la era de la genómica y la ganadería inteligente: adaptación y resiliencia
info:eu-repograntAgreement/INTA/2023-PD-L01-I087, Caracterización de la diversidad genética de plantas, animales y microorganismos mediante herramientas de genómica aplicada.
info:eu-repograntAgreement/INTA/2023-PD-L01-I112, Biotecnologías reproductivas y plataforma de edición génica para animales de interés zootécnico.
info:eu-repo/semantics/reference/hdl/20.500.12123/17558
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
eu_rights_str_mv restrictedAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv CSIRO Publishing
publisher.none.fl_str_mv CSIRO Publishing
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Animal Production Science 64 (18) : AN24146 (December 2024)
reponame:INTA Digital (INTA)
instname:Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
reponame_str INTA Digital (INTA)
collection INTA Digital (INTA)
instname_str Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
repository.name.fl_str_mv INTA Digital (INTA) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
repository.mail.fl_str_mv tripaldi.nicolas@inta.gob.ar
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