Balance between retroviral latency and transcription : based on HIV model

Autores
Pluta, Aneta; Jaworski, Juan Pablo; Cortés-Rubio, César N.
Año de publicación
2021
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
The representative of the Lentivirus genus is the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). To date, there is no cure for AIDS because of the existence of the HIV-1 reservoir. HIV-1 infection can persist for decades despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), due to the persistence of infectious latent viruses in long-lived resting memory CD4+ T cells, macrophages, monocytes, microglial cells, and other cell types. However, the biology of HIV-1 latency remains incompletely understood. Retroviral long terminal repeat region (LTR) plays an indispensable role in controlling viral gene expression. Regulation of the transcription initiation plays a crucial role in establishing and maintaining a retrovirus latency. Whether and how retroviruses establish latency and reactivate remains unclear. In this article, we describe what is known about the regulation of LTR-driven transcription in HIV-1, that is, the cis-elements present in the LTR, the role of LTR transcription factor binding sites in LTR-driven transcription, the role of HIV-1-encoded transactivator protein, hormonal effects on virus transcription, impact of LTR variability on transcription, and epigenetic control of retrovirus LTR. Finally, we focus on a novel clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/dCas9)-based strategy for HIV-1 reservoir purging.
Instituto de Virología
Fil: Pluta, Aneta. National Veterinary Research Institute. Department of Biochemistry; Polonia
Fil: Jaworski, Juan Pablo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Virología; Argentina
Fil: Jaworski, Juan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas; Argentina
Fil: Cortés-Rubio, César N. National Institute of Respiratory Diseases. Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases; México
Fuente
Pathogens 10 (1) : 16 (Enero 2021)
Materia
Retroviridae
Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana
Infección por VIH
Infecciones Latentes
Repeticiones Palindrómicas Cortas Agrupadas y Regularmente Interespaciadas
Transcripción
Lentivirus
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
HIV Infections
Latent Infections
CRISPR
Transcription
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Repositorio
INTA Digital (INTA)
Institución
Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
OAI Identificador
oai:localhost:20.500.12123/9143
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spelling Balance between retroviral latency and transcription : based on HIV modelPluta, AnetaJaworski, Juan PabloCortés-Rubio, César N.RetroviridaeVirus de la Inmunodeficiencia HumanaInfección por VIHInfecciones LatentesRepeticiones Palindrómicas Cortas Agrupadas y Regularmente InterespaciadasTranscripciónLentivirusHuman Immunodeficiency VirusHIV InfectionsLatent InfectionsCRISPRTranscriptionThe representative of the Lentivirus genus is the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). To date, there is no cure for AIDS because of the existence of the HIV-1 reservoir. HIV-1 infection can persist for decades despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), due to the persistence of infectious latent viruses in long-lived resting memory CD4+ T cells, macrophages, monocytes, microglial cells, and other cell types. However, the biology of HIV-1 latency remains incompletely understood. Retroviral long terminal repeat region (LTR) plays an indispensable role in controlling viral gene expression. Regulation of the transcription initiation plays a crucial role in establishing and maintaining a retrovirus latency. Whether and how retroviruses establish latency and reactivate remains unclear. In this article, we describe what is known about the regulation of LTR-driven transcription in HIV-1, that is, the cis-elements present in the LTR, the role of LTR transcription factor binding sites in LTR-driven transcription, the role of HIV-1-encoded transactivator protein, hormonal effects on virus transcription, impact of LTR variability on transcription, and epigenetic control of retrovirus LTR. Finally, we focus on a novel clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/dCas9)-based strategy for HIV-1 reservoir purging.Instituto de VirologíaFil: Pluta, Aneta. National Veterinary Research Institute. Department of Biochemistry; PoloniaFil: Jaworski, Juan Pablo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Virología; ArgentinaFil: Jaworski, Juan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Cortés-Rubio, César N. National Institute of Respiratory Diseases. Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases; MéxicoMDPI2021-04-21T14:25:05Z2021-04-21T14:25:05Z2021-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/9143https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/1/162076-0817https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10010016Pathogens 10 (1) : 16 (Enero 2021)reponame:INTA Digital (INTA)instname:Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuariaenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)2025-09-29T13:45:11Zoai:localhost:20.500.12123/9143instacron:INTAInstitucionalhttp://repositorio.inta.gob.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://repositorio.inta.gob.ar/oai/requesttripaldi.nicolas@inta.gob.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:l2025-09-29 13:45:11.868INTA Digital (INTA) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuariafalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Balance between retroviral latency and transcription : based on HIV model
title Balance between retroviral latency and transcription : based on HIV model
spellingShingle Balance between retroviral latency and transcription : based on HIV model
Pluta, Aneta
Retroviridae
Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana
Infección por VIH
Infecciones Latentes
Repeticiones Palindrómicas Cortas Agrupadas y Regularmente Interespaciadas
Transcripción
Lentivirus
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
HIV Infections
Latent Infections
CRISPR
Transcription
title_short Balance between retroviral latency and transcription : based on HIV model
title_full Balance between retroviral latency and transcription : based on HIV model
title_fullStr Balance between retroviral latency and transcription : based on HIV model
title_full_unstemmed Balance between retroviral latency and transcription : based on HIV model
title_sort Balance between retroviral latency and transcription : based on HIV model
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Pluta, Aneta
Jaworski, Juan Pablo
Cortés-Rubio, César N.
author Pluta, Aneta
author_facet Pluta, Aneta
Jaworski, Juan Pablo
Cortés-Rubio, César N.
author_role author
author2 Jaworski, Juan Pablo
Cortés-Rubio, César N.
author2_role author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Retroviridae
Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana
Infección por VIH
Infecciones Latentes
Repeticiones Palindrómicas Cortas Agrupadas y Regularmente Interespaciadas
Transcripción
Lentivirus
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
HIV Infections
Latent Infections
CRISPR
Transcription
topic Retroviridae
Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana
Infección por VIH
Infecciones Latentes
Repeticiones Palindrómicas Cortas Agrupadas y Regularmente Interespaciadas
Transcripción
Lentivirus
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
HIV Infections
Latent Infections
CRISPR
Transcription
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv The representative of the Lentivirus genus is the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). To date, there is no cure for AIDS because of the existence of the HIV-1 reservoir. HIV-1 infection can persist for decades despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), due to the persistence of infectious latent viruses in long-lived resting memory CD4+ T cells, macrophages, monocytes, microglial cells, and other cell types. However, the biology of HIV-1 latency remains incompletely understood. Retroviral long terminal repeat region (LTR) plays an indispensable role in controlling viral gene expression. Regulation of the transcription initiation plays a crucial role in establishing and maintaining a retrovirus latency. Whether and how retroviruses establish latency and reactivate remains unclear. In this article, we describe what is known about the regulation of LTR-driven transcription in HIV-1, that is, the cis-elements present in the LTR, the role of LTR transcription factor binding sites in LTR-driven transcription, the role of HIV-1-encoded transactivator protein, hormonal effects on virus transcription, impact of LTR variability on transcription, and epigenetic control of retrovirus LTR. Finally, we focus on a novel clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/dCas9)-based strategy for HIV-1 reservoir purging.
Instituto de Virología
Fil: Pluta, Aneta. National Veterinary Research Institute. Department of Biochemistry; Polonia
Fil: Jaworski, Juan Pablo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Virología; Argentina
Fil: Jaworski, Juan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas; Argentina
Fil: Cortés-Rubio, César N. National Institute of Respiratory Diseases. Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases; México
description The representative of the Lentivirus genus is the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). To date, there is no cure for AIDS because of the existence of the HIV-1 reservoir. HIV-1 infection can persist for decades despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), due to the persistence of infectious latent viruses in long-lived resting memory CD4+ T cells, macrophages, monocytes, microglial cells, and other cell types. However, the biology of HIV-1 latency remains incompletely understood. Retroviral long terminal repeat region (LTR) plays an indispensable role in controlling viral gene expression. Regulation of the transcription initiation plays a crucial role in establishing and maintaining a retrovirus latency. Whether and how retroviruses establish latency and reactivate remains unclear. In this article, we describe what is known about the regulation of LTR-driven transcription in HIV-1, that is, the cis-elements present in the LTR, the role of LTR transcription factor binding sites in LTR-driven transcription, the role of HIV-1-encoded transactivator protein, hormonal effects on virus transcription, impact of LTR variability on transcription, and epigenetic control of retrovirus LTR. Finally, we focus on a novel clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/dCas9)-based strategy for HIV-1 reservoir purging.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021-04-21T14:25:05Z
2021-04-21T14:25:05Z
2021-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/9143
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/1/16
2076-0817
https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10010016
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/9143
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/1/16
https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10010016
identifier_str_mv 2076-0817
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Pathogens 10 (1) : 16 (Enero 2021)
reponame:INTA Digital (INTA)
instname:Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
reponame_str INTA Digital (INTA)
collection INTA Digital (INTA)
instname_str Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
repository.name.fl_str_mv INTA Digital (INTA) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
repository.mail.fl_str_mv tripaldi.nicolas@inta.gob.ar
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