Introduction of cover crops in a maize–soybean rotation of the Humid Pampas: Effect on nitrogen and water dynamics

Autores
Restovich, Silvina Beatriz; Andriulo, Adrian Enrique; Portela, Silvina Isabel
Año de publicación
2012
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
The agricultural system of the Humid Pampas consists of continuous cropping of soybean and maize under no tillage. This system may loose nitrogen (N) through leaching during the early and final stages of summer crops and during fallow. In this study (2005–2011) we evaluated the effect of fall–winter species (rescue grass, ryegrass, oats, barley, vetch, rape seed and forage radish) and a mixture of vetch and oats used as cover crops on water and N dynamics and main crop yield. Above-ground biomass production and N uptake by cover crops ranged from 1.1 to 11.9 Mg ha−1 and from 17 to 223 kg N ha−1, respectively, depending on sowing and killing dates and on the preceding crop. At killing, soil nitrate content in treatments with cover crops was 50–90% lower than in the control, reducing spring N leaching risk. When preceding maize, cover crops were killed in winter or early spring and their low C/N ratio (12–38) favored N release through residue decomposition. Vetch and rape seed as predecessors of fertilized maize increased residual N by ≈50 kg NO3-N compared to the control, posing the risk of fall N leaching. When preceding soybean, cover crops were killed in spring and, although their C/N ratios were higher (13–85), crucifers and legumes increased soil nitrate content. Maize yield was related to soil N availability at sowing (control and legumes > crucifers > grasses) which was inversely related to the preceding cover crop C/N ratio at killing. In normal to high rainfall years there were no differences in soybean yield among treatments. Water use by cover crops did not affect the main crop production except during an exceptionally dry year. Best synchronicity between N release from cover crop residues and harvest crop demand was achieved with the oats–vetch mixture before maize and with grasses before soybean.
EEA Pergamino
Fil: Restovich, Silvina B. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Laboratorio de Suelos; Argentina
Fil: Andriulo, Adrián. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Departamento de Laboratorio de Suelo; Argentina
Fil: Portela, Silvina Isabel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Laboratorio de Suelos; Argentina
Fuente
Field Crops Research 128 (14) : 62-70. ( March 2012)
Materia
Maíz
Soja
Plantas de Cobertura
Cobertura de Suelos
Lixiviación
Nitratos
Residuos
Agua
Maize
Soybeans
Cover Plants
Land Cover
Lixiviation
Nitrates
Residues
Water
Región Pampeana Húmeda
Cultivos de Cobertura
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso restringido
Condiciones de uso
Repositorio
INTA Digital (INTA)
Institución
Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
OAI Identificador
oai:localhost:20.500.12123/7200

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network_name_str INTA Digital (INTA)
spelling Introduction of cover crops in a maize–soybean rotation of the Humid Pampas: Effect on nitrogen and water dynamicsRestovich, Silvina BeatrizAndriulo, Adrian EnriquePortela, Silvina IsabelMaízSojaPlantas de CoberturaCobertura de SuelosLixiviaciónNitratosResiduosAguaMaizeSoybeansCover PlantsLand CoverLixiviationNitratesResiduesWaterRegión Pampeana HúmedaCultivos de CoberturaThe agricultural system of the Humid Pampas consists of continuous cropping of soybean and maize under no tillage. This system may loose nitrogen (N) through leaching during the early and final stages of summer crops and during fallow. In this study (2005–2011) we evaluated the effect of fall–winter species (rescue grass, ryegrass, oats, barley, vetch, rape seed and forage radish) and a mixture of vetch and oats used as cover crops on water and N dynamics and main crop yield. Above-ground biomass production and N uptake by cover crops ranged from 1.1 to 11.9 Mg ha−1 and from 17 to 223 kg N ha−1, respectively, depending on sowing and killing dates and on the preceding crop. At killing, soil nitrate content in treatments with cover crops was 50–90% lower than in the control, reducing spring N leaching risk. When preceding maize, cover crops were killed in winter or early spring and their low C/N ratio (12–38) favored N release through residue decomposition. Vetch and rape seed as predecessors of fertilized maize increased residual N by ≈50 kg NO3-N compared to the control, posing the risk of fall N leaching. When preceding soybean, cover crops were killed in spring and, although their C/N ratios were higher (13–85), crucifers and legumes increased soil nitrate content. Maize yield was related to soil N availability at sowing (control and legumes > crucifers > grasses) which was inversely related to the preceding cover crop C/N ratio at killing. In normal to high rainfall years there were no differences in soybean yield among treatments. Water use by cover crops did not affect the main crop production except during an exceptionally dry year. Best synchronicity between N release from cover crop residues and harvest crop demand was achieved with the oats–vetch mixture before maize and with grasses before soybean.EEA PergaminoFil: Restovich, Silvina B. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Laboratorio de Suelos; ArgentinaFil: Andriulo, Adrián. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Departamento de Laboratorio de Suelo; ArgentinaFil: Portela, Silvina Isabel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Laboratorio de Suelos; ArgentinaElsevier2020-05-06T18:11:07Z2020-05-06T18:11:07Z2012-03info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/7200https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S03784290110041630378-4290https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2011.12.012Field Crops Research 128 (14) : 62-70. ( March 2012)reponame:INTA Digital (INTA)instname:Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuariaenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess2025-09-04T09:48:25Zoai:localhost:20.500.12123/7200instacron:INTAInstitucionalhttp://repositorio.inta.gob.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://repositorio.inta.gob.ar/oai/requesttripaldi.nicolas@inta.gob.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:l2025-09-04 09:48:26.256INTA Digital (INTA) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuariafalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Introduction of cover crops in a maize–soybean rotation of the Humid Pampas: Effect on nitrogen and water dynamics
title Introduction of cover crops in a maize–soybean rotation of the Humid Pampas: Effect on nitrogen and water dynamics
spellingShingle Introduction of cover crops in a maize–soybean rotation of the Humid Pampas: Effect on nitrogen and water dynamics
Restovich, Silvina Beatriz
Maíz
Soja
Plantas de Cobertura
Cobertura de Suelos
Lixiviación
Nitratos
Residuos
Agua
Maize
Soybeans
Cover Plants
Land Cover
Lixiviation
Nitrates
Residues
Water
Región Pampeana Húmeda
Cultivos de Cobertura
title_short Introduction of cover crops in a maize–soybean rotation of the Humid Pampas: Effect on nitrogen and water dynamics
title_full Introduction of cover crops in a maize–soybean rotation of the Humid Pampas: Effect on nitrogen and water dynamics
title_fullStr Introduction of cover crops in a maize–soybean rotation of the Humid Pampas: Effect on nitrogen and water dynamics
title_full_unstemmed Introduction of cover crops in a maize–soybean rotation of the Humid Pampas: Effect on nitrogen and water dynamics
title_sort Introduction of cover crops in a maize–soybean rotation of the Humid Pampas: Effect on nitrogen and water dynamics
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Restovich, Silvina Beatriz
Andriulo, Adrian Enrique
Portela, Silvina Isabel
author Restovich, Silvina Beatriz
author_facet Restovich, Silvina Beatriz
Andriulo, Adrian Enrique
Portela, Silvina Isabel
author_role author
author2 Andriulo, Adrian Enrique
Portela, Silvina Isabel
author2_role author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Maíz
Soja
Plantas de Cobertura
Cobertura de Suelos
Lixiviación
Nitratos
Residuos
Agua
Maize
Soybeans
Cover Plants
Land Cover
Lixiviation
Nitrates
Residues
Water
Región Pampeana Húmeda
Cultivos de Cobertura
topic Maíz
Soja
Plantas de Cobertura
Cobertura de Suelos
Lixiviación
Nitratos
Residuos
Agua
Maize
Soybeans
Cover Plants
Land Cover
Lixiviation
Nitrates
Residues
Water
Región Pampeana Húmeda
Cultivos de Cobertura
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv The agricultural system of the Humid Pampas consists of continuous cropping of soybean and maize under no tillage. This system may loose nitrogen (N) through leaching during the early and final stages of summer crops and during fallow. In this study (2005–2011) we evaluated the effect of fall–winter species (rescue grass, ryegrass, oats, barley, vetch, rape seed and forage radish) and a mixture of vetch and oats used as cover crops on water and N dynamics and main crop yield. Above-ground biomass production and N uptake by cover crops ranged from 1.1 to 11.9 Mg ha−1 and from 17 to 223 kg N ha−1, respectively, depending on sowing and killing dates and on the preceding crop. At killing, soil nitrate content in treatments with cover crops was 50–90% lower than in the control, reducing spring N leaching risk. When preceding maize, cover crops were killed in winter or early spring and their low C/N ratio (12–38) favored N release through residue decomposition. Vetch and rape seed as predecessors of fertilized maize increased residual N by ≈50 kg NO3-N compared to the control, posing the risk of fall N leaching. When preceding soybean, cover crops were killed in spring and, although their C/N ratios were higher (13–85), crucifers and legumes increased soil nitrate content. Maize yield was related to soil N availability at sowing (control and legumes > crucifers > grasses) which was inversely related to the preceding cover crop C/N ratio at killing. In normal to high rainfall years there were no differences in soybean yield among treatments. Water use by cover crops did not affect the main crop production except during an exceptionally dry year. Best synchronicity between N release from cover crop residues and harvest crop demand was achieved with the oats–vetch mixture before maize and with grasses before soybean.
EEA Pergamino
Fil: Restovich, Silvina B. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Laboratorio de Suelos; Argentina
Fil: Andriulo, Adrián. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Departamento de Laboratorio de Suelo; Argentina
Fil: Portela, Silvina Isabel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Laboratorio de Suelos; Argentina
description The agricultural system of the Humid Pampas consists of continuous cropping of soybean and maize under no tillage. This system may loose nitrogen (N) through leaching during the early and final stages of summer crops and during fallow. In this study (2005–2011) we evaluated the effect of fall–winter species (rescue grass, ryegrass, oats, barley, vetch, rape seed and forage radish) and a mixture of vetch and oats used as cover crops on water and N dynamics and main crop yield. Above-ground biomass production and N uptake by cover crops ranged from 1.1 to 11.9 Mg ha−1 and from 17 to 223 kg N ha−1, respectively, depending on sowing and killing dates and on the preceding crop. At killing, soil nitrate content in treatments with cover crops was 50–90% lower than in the control, reducing spring N leaching risk. When preceding maize, cover crops were killed in winter or early spring and their low C/N ratio (12–38) favored N release through residue decomposition. Vetch and rape seed as predecessors of fertilized maize increased residual N by ≈50 kg NO3-N compared to the control, posing the risk of fall N leaching. When preceding soybean, cover crops were killed in spring and, although their C/N ratios were higher (13–85), crucifers and legumes increased soil nitrate content. Maize yield was related to soil N availability at sowing (control and legumes > crucifers > grasses) which was inversely related to the preceding cover crop C/N ratio at killing. In normal to high rainfall years there were no differences in soybean yield among treatments. Water use by cover crops did not affect the main crop production except during an exceptionally dry year. Best synchronicity between N release from cover crop residues and harvest crop demand was achieved with the oats–vetch mixture before maize and with grasses before soybean.
publishDate 2012
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2012-03
2020-05-06T18:11:07Z
2020-05-06T18:11:07Z
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/7200
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429011004163
0378-4290
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2011.12.012
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/7200
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429011004163
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2011.12.012
identifier_str_mv 0378-4290
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
eu_rights_str_mv restrictedAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Field Crops Research 128 (14) : 62-70. ( March 2012)
reponame:INTA Digital (INTA)
instname:Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
reponame_str INTA Digital (INTA)
collection INTA Digital (INTA)
instname_str Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
repository.name.fl_str_mv INTA Digital (INTA) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
repository.mail.fl_str_mv tripaldi.nicolas@inta.gob.ar
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