Walking—and Running and Jumping—with Dinosaurs and their Cousins, Viewed Through the Lens of Evolutionary Biomechanics

Autores
Cuff, A. R.; Demuth, O. E.; Michel, K.; Otero, Alejandro; Pintore, R.; Polet, D. T.; Wiseman, A. L .A.; Hutchinson, J. R.
Año de publicación
2022
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Archosauria diversified throughout the Triassic Period before experiencing two mass extinctions near its end∼201 Mya, leaving only the crocodile-lineage (Crocodylomorpha) and bird-lineage (Dinosauria) as survivors; along with thepterosaurian flying reptiles. About 50 years ago, the “locomotor superiority hypothesis” (LSH) proposed that dinosaurs ultimatelydominated by the Early Jurassic Period because their locomotion was superior to other archosaurs’. This idea has beendebated continuously since, with taxonomic andmorphological analyses suggesting dinosaurs were “lucky” rather than survivingdue to being biologically superior. However, the LSH has never been tested biomechanically. Here we present integrationof experimental data from locomotion in extant archosaurs with inverse and predictive simulations of the same behavioursusing musculoskeletal models, showing that we can reliably predict how extant archosaurs walk, run and jump. These simulationshave been guiding predictive simulations of extinct archosaurs to estimate how they moved, and we show our progressin that endeavour. The musculoskeletal models used in these simulations can also be used for simpler analyses of form andfunction such as muscle moment arms, which inform us about more basic biomechanical similarities and differences betweenarchosaurs. Placing all these data into an evolutionary and biomechanical context, we take a fresh look at the LSH as part of acritical review of competing hypotheses for why dinosaurs (and a few other archosaur clades) survived the Late Triassic extinctions.Early dinosaurs had some quantifiable differences in locomotor function and performance vs. some other archosaurs, butother derived dinosaurian features (e.g., metabolic or growth rates, ventilatory abilities) are not necessarily mutually exclusivefrom the LSH; or maybe even an opportunistic replacement hypothesis; in explaining dinosaurs’ success.
Fil: Cuff, A. R.. The Royal Veterinary College; Reino Unido
Fil: Demuth, O. E.. The Royal Veterinary College; Reino Unido
Fil: Michel, K.. The Royal Veterinary College; Reino Unido
Fil: Otero, Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina
Fil: Pintore, R.. The Royal Veterinary College; Reino Unido
Fil: Polet, D. T.. The Royal Veterinary College; Reino Unido
Fil: Wiseman, A. L .A.. The Royal Veterinary College; Reino Unido
Fil: Hutchinson, J. R.. The Royal Veterinary College; Reino Unido
Materia
ARCHOSAUR
LOCOMOTION
BIPED
POSTURE
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/239191
Acceder
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network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Walking—and Running and Jumping—with Dinosaurs and their Cousins, Viewed Through the Lens of Evolutionary BiomechanicsCuff, A. R.Demuth, O. E.Michel, K.Otero, AlejandroPintore, R.Polet, D. T.Wiseman, A. L .A.Hutchinson, J. R.ARCHOSAURLOCOMOTIONBIPEDPOSTUREhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Archosauria diversified throughout the Triassic Period before experiencing two mass extinctions near its end∼201 Mya, leaving only the crocodile-lineage (Crocodylomorpha) and bird-lineage (Dinosauria) as survivors; along with thepterosaurian flying reptiles. About 50 years ago, the “locomotor superiority hypothesis” (LSH) proposed that dinosaurs ultimatelydominated by the Early Jurassic Period because their locomotion was superior to other archosaurs’. This idea has beendebated continuously since, with taxonomic andmorphological analyses suggesting dinosaurs were “lucky” rather than survivingdue to being biologically superior. However, the LSH has never been tested biomechanically. Here we present integrationof experimental data from locomotion in extant archosaurs with inverse and predictive simulations of the same behavioursusing musculoskeletal models, showing that we can reliably predict how extant archosaurs walk, run and jump. These simulationshave been guiding predictive simulations of extinct archosaurs to estimate how they moved, and we show our progressin that endeavour. The musculoskeletal models used in these simulations can also be used for simpler analyses of form andfunction such as muscle moment arms, which inform us about more basic biomechanical similarities and differences betweenarchosaurs. Placing all these data into an evolutionary and biomechanical context, we take a fresh look at the LSH as part of acritical review of competing hypotheses for why dinosaurs (and a few other archosaur clades) survived the Late Triassic extinctions.Early dinosaurs had some quantifiable differences in locomotor function and performance vs. some other archosaurs, butother derived dinosaurian features (e.g., metabolic or growth rates, ventilatory abilities) are not necessarily mutually exclusivefrom the LSH; or maybe even an opportunistic replacement hypothesis; in explaining dinosaurs’ success.Fil: Cuff, A. R.. The Royal Veterinary College; Reino UnidoFil: Demuth, O. E.. The Royal Veterinary College; Reino UnidoFil: Michel, K.. The Royal Veterinary College; Reino UnidoFil: Otero, Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Pintore, R.. The Royal Veterinary College; Reino UnidoFil: Polet, D. T.. The Royal Veterinary College; Reino UnidoFil: Wiseman, A. L .A.. The Royal Veterinary College; Reino UnidoFil: Hutchinson, J. R.. The Royal Veterinary College; Reino UnidoOxford Univ Press Inc2022-05info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/239191Cuff, A. R.; Demuth, O. E.; Michel, K.; Otero, Alejandro; Pintore, R.; et al.; Walking—and Running and Jumping—with Dinosaurs and their Cousins, Viewed Through the Lens of Evolutionary Biomechanics; Oxford Univ Press Inc; Integrative And Comparative Biology; 62; 5; 5-2022; 1281-13051540-7063CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://academic.oup.com/icb/advance-article/doi/10.1093/icb/icac049/6590043?guestAccessKey=fa0130aa-4436-472b-a291-bd1012ce05fainfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1093/icb/icac049info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T09:35:25Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/239191instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 09:35:26.136CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Walking—and Running and Jumping—with Dinosaurs and their Cousins, Viewed Through the Lens of Evolutionary Biomechanics
title Walking—and Running and Jumping—with Dinosaurs and their Cousins, Viewed Through the Lens of Evolutionary Biomechanics
spellingShingle Walking—and Running and Jumping—with Dinosaurs and their Cousins, Viewed Through the Lens of Evolutionary Biomechanics
Cuff, A. R.
ARCHOSAUR
LOCOMOTION
BIPED
POSTURE
title_short Walking—and Running and Jumping—with Dinosaurs and their Cousins, Viewed Through the Lens of Evolutionary Biomechanics
title_full Walking—and Running and Jumping—with Dinosaurs and their Cousins, Viewed Through the Lens of Evolutionary Biomechanics
title_fullStr Walking—and Running and Jumping—with Dinosaurs and their Cousins, Viewed Through the Lens of Evolutionary Biomechanics
title_full_unstemmed Walking—and Running and Jumping—with Dinosaurs and their Cousins, Viewed Through the Lens of Evolutionary Biomechanics
title_sort Walking—and Running and Jumping—with Dinosaurs and their Cousins, Viewed Through the Lens of Evolutionary Biomechanics
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Cuff, A. R.
Demuth, O. E.
Michel, K.
Otero, Alejandro
Pintore, R.
Polet, D. T.
Wiseman, A. L .A.
Hutchinson, J. R.
author Cuff, A. R.
author_facet Cuff, A. R.
Demuth, O. E.
Michel, K.
Otero, Alejandro
Pintore, R.
Polet, D. T.
Wiseman, A. L .A.
Hutchinson, J. R.
author_role author
author2 Demuth, O. E.
Michel, K.
Otero, Alejandro
Pintore, R.
Polet, D. T.
Wiseman, A. L .A.
Hutchinson, J. R.
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv ARCHOSAUR
LOCOMOTION
BIPED
POSTURE
topic ARCHOSAUR
LOCOMOTION
BIPED
POSTURE
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Archosauria diversified throughout the Triassic Period before experiencing two mass extinctions near its end∼201 Mya, leaving only the crocodile-lineage (Crocodylomorpha) and bird-lineage (Dinosauria) as survivors; along with thepterosaurian flying reptiles. About 50 years ago, the “locomotor superiority hypothesis” (LSH) proposed that dinosaurs ultimatelydominated by the Early Jurassic Period because their locomotion was superior to other archosaurs’. This idea has beendebated continuously since, with taxonomic andmorphological analyses suggesting dinosaurs were “lucky” rather than survivingdue to being biologically superior. However, the LSH has never been tested biomechanically. Here we present integrationof experimental data from locomotion in extant archosaurs with inverse and predictive simulations of the same behavioursusing musculoskeletal models, showing that we can reliably predict how extant archosaurs walk, run and jump. These simulationshave been guiding predictive simulations of extinct archosaurs to estimate how they moved, and we show our progressin that endeavour. The musculoskeletal models used in these simulations can also be used for simpler analyses of form andfunction such as muscle moment arms, which inform us about more basic biomechanical similarities and differences betweenarchosaurs. Placing all these data into an evolutionary and biomechanical context, we take a fresh look at the LSH as part of acritical review of competing hypotheses for why dinosaurs (and a few other archosaur clades) survived the Late Triassic extinctions.Early dinosaurs had some quantifiable differences in locomotor function and performance vs. some other archosaurs, butother derived dinosaurian features (e.g., metabolic or growth rates, ventilatory abilities) are not necessarily mutually exclusivefrom the LSH; or maybe even an opportunistic replacement hypothesis; in explaining dinosaurs’ success.
Fil: Cuff, A. R.. The Royal Veterinary College; Reino Unido
Fil: Demuth, O. E.. The Royal Veterinary College; Reino Unido
Fil: Michel, K.. The Royal Veterinary College; Reino Unido
Fil: Otero, Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina
Fil: Pintore, R.. The Royal Veterinary College; Reino Unido
Fil: Polet, D. T.. The Royal Veterinary College; Reino Unido
Fil: Wiseman, A. L .A.. The Royal Veterinary College; Reino Unido
Fil: Hutchinson, J. R.. The Royal Veterinary College; Reino Unido
description Archosauria diversified throughout the Triassic Period before experiencing two mass extinctions near its end∼201 Mya, leaving only the crocodile-lineage (Crocodylomorpha) and bird-lineage (Dinosauria) as survivors; along with thepterosaurian flying reptiles. About 50 years ago, the “locomotor superiority hypothesis” (LSH) proposed that dinosaurs ultimatelydominated by the Early Jurassic Period because their locomotion was superior to other archosaurs’. This idea has beendebated continuously since, with taxonomic andmorphological analyses suggesting dinosaurs were “lucky” rather than survivingdue to being biologically superior. However, the LSH has never been tested biomechanically. Here we present integrationof experimental data from locomotion in extant archosaurs with inverse and predictive simulations of the same behavioursusing musculoskeletal models, showing that we can reliably predict how extant archosaurs walk, run and jump. These simulationshave been guiding predictive simulations of extinct archosaurs to estimate how they moved, and we show our progressin that endeavour. The musculoskeletal models used in these simulations can also be used for simpler analyses of form andfunction such as muscle moment arms, which inform us about more basic biomechanical similarities and differences betweenarchosaurs. Placing all these data into an evolutionary and biomechanical context, we take a fresh look at the LSH as part of acritical review of competing hypotheses for why dinosaurs (and a few other archosaur clades) survived the Late Triassic extinctions.Early dinosaurs had some quantifiable differences in locomotor function and performance vs. some other archosaurs, butother derived dinosaurian features (e.g., metabolic or growth rates, ventilatory abilities) are not necessarily mutually exclusivefrom the LSH; or maybe even an opportunistic replacement hypothesis; in explaining dinosaurs’ success.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022-05
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/239191
Cuff, A. R.; Demuth, O. E.; Michel, K.; Otero, Alejandro; Pintore, R.; et al.; Walking—and Running and Jumping—with Dinosaurs and their Cousins, Viewed Through the Lens of Evolutionary Biomechanics; Oxford Univ Press Inc; Integrative And Comparative Biology; 62; 5; 5-2022; 1281-1305
1540-7063
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/239191
identifier_str_mv Cuff, A. R.; Demuth, O. E.; Michel, K.; Otero, Alejandro; Pintore, R.; et al.; Walking—and Running and Jumping—with Dinosaurs and their Cousins, Viewed Through the Lens of Evolutionary Biomechanics; Oxford Univ Press Inc; Integrative And Comparative Biology; 62; 5; 5-2022; 1281-1305
1540-7063
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://academic.oup.com/icb/advance-article/doi/10.1093/icb/icac049/6590043?guestAccessKey=fa0130aa-4436-472b-a291-bd1012ce05fa
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1093/icb/icac049
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Oxford Univ Press Inc
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Oxford Univ Press Inc
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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score 13.070432

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