"It’s the economy, stupid": lessons of a longitudinal study of depression in Argentina

Autores
Badellino, Héctor; Gobbo, María Emilia; Torres, Victor Eduardo Roque; Aschieri, María Emilia; Biotti, Martín; Alvarez, Valentina; Gigante, Camila; Cachiarelli, Mabel
Año de publicación
2021
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Background: On March 20, 2020, the Argentine Ministry of Health imposed a mandatory quarantine, which still persists. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the variation in the prevalence of depression since the beginning of the quarantine and the evolution of risk factors, with special emphasis on the population’s concerns. Methods: A longitudinal study was carried out using a digital questionnaire disseminated in social networks. The first stage (T1) was carried out from March 29 to April 12 and the second stage (T2) from May 23 to June 12, 2020. The prevalence of depression was measured using the 9-item Patients Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Results: The prevalence of moderate/severe depression increased from 24.3% in T1 to 47.8% in T2 (p: 0.000). Risk factors increased significantly: age 18–27, female, primary and secondary school, smoking and having a poor sleep quality (p: 0.000). The concerns about ‘a family member getting sick’ (OR: 1.28; CI: 1.04–1.58; p: 0.016), ‘changes at work’ (OR: 2.24; CI: 1.79–2.81; p: 0.000), ‘running out of money’ (OR: 1.43; CI: 1.20–1.71; p: 0.000) and ‘being unemployed’ (OR: 2.99; CI: 2.55–3.52; p: 0.000) were risk factors for depression. On the other hand, the concern about ‘getting the virus’ (OR: 0.73; CI: 0.61–0.87; p: 0.001) was not a risk factor. Conclusions: The extended quarantine in Argentina is associated with an increase in the prevalence of depression; the high impact of economic and social concerns on mental health must be considered in order to avoid long-term effects.
Fil: Badellino, Héctor. Universidad de Ciencias Empresariales y Sociales; Argentina
Fil: Gobbo, María Emilia. Universidad de Ciencias Empresariales y Sociales; Argentina
Fil: Torres, Victor Eduardo Roque. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas; Argentina
Fil: Aschieri, María Emilia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina
Fil: Biotti, Martín. Universidad de Ciencias Empresariales y Sociales; Argentina
Fil: Alvarez, Valentina. Universidad de Ciencias Empresariales y Sociales; Argentina
Fil: Gigante, Camila. Universidad de Ciencias Empresariales y Sociales; Argentina
Fil: Cachiarelli, Mabel. Universidad de Ciencias Empresariales y Sociales; Argentina
Materia
ARGENTINA
CONCERNS
COVID-19
DEPRESSION
QUARANTINE
CORONAVIRUS
SARS-CoV-2
PANDEMIA
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso embargado
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/136521
Acceder
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oai_identifier_str oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/136521
network_acronym_str CONICETDig
repository_id_str 3498
network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling "It’s the economy, stupid": lessons of a longitudinal study of depression in ArgentinaBadellino, HéctorGobbo, María EmiliaTorres, Victor Eduardo RoqueAschieri, María EmiliaBiotti, MartínAlvarez, ValentinaGigante, CamilaCachiarelli, MabelARGENTINACONCERNSCOVID-19DEPRESSIONQUARANTINECORONAVIRUSSARS-CoV-2PANDEMIAhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/5.4https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5Background: On March 20, 2020, the Argentine Ministry of Health imposed a mandatory quarantine, which still persists. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the variation in the prevalence of depression since the beginning of the quarantine and the evolution of risk factors, with special emphasis on the population’s concerns. Methods: A longitudinal study was carried out using a digital questionnaire disseminated in social networks. The first stage (T1) was carried out from March 29 to April 12 and the second stage (T2) from May 23 to June 12, 2020. The prevalence of depression was measured using the 9-item Patients Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Results: The prevalence of moderate/severe depression increased from 24.3% in T1 to 47.8% in T2 (p: 0.000). Risk factors increased significantly: age 18–27, female, primary and secondary school, smoking and having a poor sleep quality (p: 0.000). The concerns about ‘a family member getting sick’ (OR: 1.28; CI: 1.04–1.58; p: 0.016), ‘changes at work’ (OR: 2.24; CI: 1.79–2.81; p: 0.000), ‘running out of money’ (OR: 1.43; CI: 1.20–1.71; p: 0.000) and ‘being unemployed’ (OR: 2.99; CI: 2.55–3.52; p: 0.000) were risk factors for depression. On the other hand, the concern about ‘getting the virus’ (OR: 0.73; CI: 0.61–0.87; p: 0.001) was not a risk factor. Conclusions: The extended quarantine in Argentina is associated with an increase in the prevalence of depression; the high impact of economic and social concerns on mental health must be considered in order to avoid long-term effects.Fil: Badellino, Héctor. Universidad de Ciencias Empresariales y Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Gobbo, María Emilia. Universidad de Ciencias Empresariales y Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Torres, Victor Eduardo Roque. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas; ArgentinaFil: Aschieri, María Emilia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Biotti, Martín. Universidad de Ciencias Empresariales y Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Valentina. Universidad de Ciencias Empresariales y Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Gigante, Camila. Universidad de Ciencias Empresariales y Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Cachiarelli, Mabel. Universidad de Ciencias Empresariales y Sociales; ArgentinaSAGE Publications2021-03info:eu-repo/date/embargoEnd/2021-09-12info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/136521Badellino, Héctor; Gobbo, María Emilia; Torres, Victor Eduardo Roque; Aschieri, María Emilia; Biotti, Martín; et al.; "It’s the economy, stupid": lessons of a longitudinal study of depression in Argentina; SAGE Publications; International Journal of Social Psychiatry; 2021; 3-2021; 1-80020-76401741-2854CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1177/0020764021999687info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0020764021999687info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T10:03:17Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/136521instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 10:03:18.026CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv "It’s the economy, stupid": lessons of a longitudinal study of depression in Argentina
title "It’s the economy, stupid": lessons of a longitudinal study of depression in Argentina
spellingShingle "It’s the economy, stupid": lessons of a longitudinal study of depression in Argentina
Badellino, Héctor
ARGENTINA
CONCERNS
COVID-19
DEPRESSION
QUARANTINE
CORONAVIRUS
SARS-CoV-2
PANDEMIA
title_short "It’s the economy, stupid": lessons of a longitudinal study of depression in Argentina
title_full "It’s the economy, stupid": lessons of a longitudinal study of depression in Argentina
title_fullStr "It’s the economy, stupid": lessons of a longitudinal study of depression in Argentina
title_full_unstemmed "It’s the economy, stupid": lessons of a longitudinal study of depression in Argentina
title_sort "It’s the economy, stupid": lessons of a longitudinal study of depression in Argentina
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Badellino, Héctor
Gobbo, María Emilia
Torres, Victor Eduardo Roque
Aschieri, María Emilia
Biotti, Martín
Alvarez, Valentina
Gigante, Camila
Cachiarelli, Mabel
author Badellino, Héctor
author_facet Badellino, Héctor
Gobbo, María Emilia
Torres, Victor Eduardo Roque
Aschieri, María Emilia
Biotti, Martín
Alvarez, Valentina
Gigante, Camila
Cachiarelli, Mabel
author_role author
author2 Gobbo, María Emilia
Torres, Victor Eduardo Roque
Aschieri, María Emilia
Biotti, Martín
Alvarez, Valentina
Gigante, Camila
Cachiarelli, Mabel
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv ARGENTINA
CONCERNS
COVID-19
DEPRESSION
QUARANTINE
CORONAVIRUS
SARS-CoV-2
PANDEMIA
topic ARGENTINA
CONCERNS
COVID-19
DEPRESSION
QUARANTINE
CORONAVIRUS
SARS-CoV-2
PANDEMIA
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5.4
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Background: On March 20, 2020, the Argentine Ministry of Health imposed a mandatory quarantine, which still persists. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the variation in the prevalence of depression since the beginning of the quarantine and the evolution of risk factors, with special emphasis on the population’s concerns. Methods: A longitudinal study was carried out using a digital questionnaire disseminated in social networks. The first stage (T1) was carried out from March 29 to April 12 and the second stage (T2) from May 23 to June 12, 2020. The prevalence of depression was measured using the 9-item Patients Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Results: The prevalence of moderate/severe depression increased from 24.3% in T1 to 47.8% in T2 (p: 0.000). Risk factors increased significantly: age 18–27, female, primary and secondary school, smoking and having a poor sleep quality (p: 0.000). The concerns about ‘a family member getting sick’ (OR: 1.28; CI: 1.04–1.58; p: 0.016), ‘changes at work’ (OR: 2.24; CI: 1.79–2.81; p: 0.000), ‘running out of money’ (OR: 1.43; CI: 1.20–1.71; p: 0.000) and ‘being unemployed’ (OR: 2.99; CI: 2.55–3.52; p: 0.000) were risk factors for depression. On the other hand, the concern about ‘getting the virus’ (OR: 0.73; CI: 0.61–0.87; p: 0.001) was not a risk factor. Conclusions: The extended quarantine in Argentina is associated with an increase in the prevalence of depression; the high impact of economic and social concerns on mental health must be considered in order to avoid long-term effects.
Fil: Badellino, Héctor. Universidad de Ciencias Empresariales y Sociales; Argentina
Fil: Gobbo, María Emilia. Universidad de Ciencias Empresariales y Sociales; Argentina
Fil: Torres, Victor Eduardo Roque. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas; Argentina
Fil: Aschieri, María Emilia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina
Fil: Biotti, Martín. Universidad de Ciencias Empresariales y Sociales; Argentina
Fil: Alvarez, Valentina. Universidad de Ciencias Empresariales y Sociales; Argentina
Fil: Gigante, Camila. Universidad de Ciencias Empresariales y Sociales; Argentina
Fil: Cachiarelli, Mabel. Universidad de Ciencias Empresariales y Sociales; Argentina
description Background: On March 20, 2020, the Argentine Ministry of Health imposed a mandatory quarantine, which still persists. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the variation in the prevalence of depression since the beginning of the quarantine and the evolution of risk factors, with special emphasis on the population’s concerns. Methods: A longitudinal study was carried out using a digital questionnaire disseminated in social networks. The first stage (T1) was carried out from March 29 to April 12 and the second stage (T2) from May 23 to June 12, 2020. The prevalence of depression was measured using the 9-item Patients Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Results: The prevalence of moderate/severe depression increased from 24.3% in T1 to 47.8% in T2 (p: 0.000). Risk factors increased significantly: age 18–27, female, primary and secondary school, smoking and having a poor sleep quality (p: 0.000). The concerns about ‘a family member getting sick’ (OR: 1.28; CI: 1.04–1.58; p: 0.016), ‘changes at work’ (OR: 2.24; CI: 1.79–2.81; p: 0.000), ‘running out of money’ (OR: 1.43; CI: 1.20–1.71; p: 0.000) and ‘being unemployed’ (OR: 2.99; CI: 2.55–3.52; p: 0.000) were risk factors for depression. On the other hand, the concern about ‘getting the virus’ (OR: 0.73; CI: 0.61–0.87; p: 0.001) was not a risk factor. Conclusions: The extended quarantine in Argentina is associated with an increase in the prevalence of depression; the high impact of economic and social concerns on mental health must be considered in order to avoid long-term effects.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021-03
info:eu-repo/date/embargoEnd/2021-09-12
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/136521
Badellino, Héctor; Gobbo, María Emilia; Torres, Victor Eduardo Roque; Aschieri, María Emilia; Biotti, Martín; et al.; "It’s the economy, stupid": lessons of a longitudinal study of depression in Argentina; SAGE Publications; International Journal of Social Psychiatry; 2021; 3-2021; 1-8
0020-7640
1741-2854
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/136521
identifier_str_mv Badellino, Héctor; Gobbo, María Emilia; Torres, Victor Eduardo Roque; Aschieri, María Emilia; Biotti, Martín; et al.; "It’s the economy, stupid": lessons of a longitudinal study of depression in Argentina; SAGE Publications; International Journal of Social Psychiatry; 2021; 3-2021; 1-8
0020-7640
1741-2854
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1177/0020764021999687
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0020764021999687
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv embargoedAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv SAGE Publications
publisher.none.fl_str_mv SAGE Publications
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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score 13.070432

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