How epidemics devastated the indigenous people of the Americas

Autores
Gonzalez-Jose, Rolando; Ramallo, Virginia
Año de publicación
2018
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
documento de conferencia
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
There is growing consensus around the idea that much of our understanding on the causality of genetic plus environmentally based diseases and other complex phenotypes including suscep-tibility and/or resistance to pathogens is to be deciphered by exploring the fine-scale study of human genetic variation. When extrapolating this idea to the native populations, the challenge is greater due to the remarkable genetic variation that scientists have found within several regions of the Americas. After Columbus ́ landing in the Americas, the populations of the American conti-nent experienced a precipitous decline. Even though the spread of pathogens of European origin across nonimmune Native American is suspected to be responsible for a great propor-tion of the post-contact mortality, the situation cannot be extrapolated straightforwardly to all the New World populations. In fact, the local genetic, environmental, and cultural particulari-ties of the contact need to be considered in order to achieve a more sophisticated picture. Here I present some recurrent patterns regarding how epidemics devastated the indigenous people of the Americas. Specifically, I will focus on pattern similarities among the population decline of the Chumash (California) and Fueguians (Patagonia). A statistical comparison indicates that decimation coincides with mission estab-lishment. The concomitant increase in number of baptisms is almost-synchronically followed by a 15%/year of increasing in mortality each year, indicating a strong effect of density changes as a trigger to epidemic disease impact. Furthermore, I will discuss genetic and non-genetic factors that potentially generated deviations from the expected patterns of mortality due to infectious diseases.
Fil: Gonzalez-Jose, Rolando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas; Argentina
Fil: Ramallo, Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas; Argentina
87th Annual Meeting of the American Asociation of Physical Anthropologists
Austin
Estados Unidos
American Association of Physical Anthropologists
Materia
EPIDEMICS
AMERICA
INDIGENOUS PEOPLE
MORTALITY
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/150295

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spelling How epidemics devastated the indigenous people of the AmericasGonzalez-Jose, RolandoRamallo, VirginiaEPIDEMICSAMERICAINDIGENOUS PEOPLEMORTALITYhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1There is growing consensus around the idea that much of our understanding on the causality of genetic plus environmentally based diseases and other complex phenotypes including suscep-tibility and/or resistance to pathogens is to be deciphered by exploring the fine-scale study of human genetic variation. When extrapolating this idea to the native populations, the challenge is greater due to the remarkable genetic variation that scientists have found within several regions of the Americas. After Columbus ́ landing in the Americas, the populations of the American conti-nent experienced a precipitous decline. Even though the spread of pathogens of European origin across nonimmune Native American is suspected to be responsible for a great propor-tion of the post-contact mortality, the situation cannot be extrapolated straightforwardly to all the New World populations. In fact, the local genetic, environmental, and cultural particulari-ties of the contact need to be considered in order to achieve a more sophisticated picture. Here I present some recurrent patterns regarding how epidemics devastated the indigenous people of the Americas. Specifically, I will focus on pattern similarities among the population decline of the Chumash (California) and Fueguians (Patagonia). A statistical comparison indicates that decimation coincides with mission estab-lishment. The concomitant increase in number of baptisms is almost-synchronically followed by a 15%/year of increasing in mortality each year, indicating a strong effect of density changes as a trigger to epidemic disease impact. Furthermore, I will discuss genetic and non-genetic factors that potentially generated deviations from the expected patterns of mortality due to infectious diseases.Fil: Gonzalez-Jose, Rolando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas; ArgentinaFil: Ramallo, Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas; Argentina87th Annual Meeting of the American Asociation of Physical AnthropologistsAustinEstados UnidosAmerican Association of Physical AnthropologistsAmerican Association of Physical Anthropologists2018info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObjectReuniónJournalhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_5794info:ar-repo/semantics/documentoDeConferenciaapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/150295How epidemics devastated the indigenous people of the Americas; 87th Annual Meeting of the American Asociation of Physical Anthropologists; Austin; Estados Unidos; 2018; 102-1020002-94831096-8644CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1002/ajpa.23489info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajpa.23489Internacionalinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T10:28:39Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/150295instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 10:28:39.8CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv How epidemics devastated the indigenous people of the Americas
title How epidemics devastated the indigenous people of the Americas
spellingShingle How epidemics devastated the indigenous people of the Americas
Gonzalez-Jose, Rolando
EPIDEMICS
AMERICA
INDIGENOUS PEOPLE
MORTALITY
title_short How epidemics devastated the indigenous people of the Americas
title_full How epidemics devastated the indigenous people of the Americas
title_fullStr How epidemics devastated the indigenous people of the Americas
title_full_unstemmed How epidemics devastated the indigenous people of the Americas
title_sort How epidemics devastated the indigenous people of the Americas
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Gonzalez-Jose, Rolando
Ramallo, Virginia
author Gonzalez-Jose, Rolando
author_facet Gonzalez-Jose, Rolando
Ramallo, Virginia
author_role author
author2 Ramallo, Virginia
author2_role author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv EPIDEMICS
AMERICA
INDIGENOUS PEOPLE
MORTALITY
topic EPIDEMICS
AMERICA
INDIGENOUS PEOPLE
MORTALITY
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv There is growing consensus around the idea that much of our understanding on the causality of genetic plus environmentally based diseases and other complex phenotypes including suscep-tibility and/or resistance to pathogens is to be deciphered by exploring the fine-scale study of human genetic variation. When extrapolating this idea to the native populations, the challenge is greater due to the remarkable genetic variation that scientists have found within several regions of the Americas. After Columbus ́ landing in the Americas, the populations of the American conti-nent experienced a precipitous decline. Even though the spread of pathogens of European origin across nonimmune Native American is suspected to be responsible for a great propor-tion of the post-contact mortality, the situation cannot be extrapolated straightforwardly to all the New World populations. In fact, the local genetic, environmental, and cultural particulari-ties of the contact need to be considered in order to achieve a more sophisticated picture. Here I present some recurrent patterns regarding how epidemics devastated the indigenous people of the Americas. Specifically, I will focus on pattern similarities among the population decline of the Chumash (California) and Fueguians (Patagonia). A statistical comparison indicates that decimation coincides with mission estab-lishment. The concomitant increase in number of baptisms is almost-synchronically followed by a 15%/year of increasing in mortality each year, indicating a strong effect of density changes as a trigger to epidemic disease impact. Furthermore, I will discuss genetic and non-genetic factors that potentially generated deviations from the expected patterns of mortality due to infectious diseases.
Fil: Gonzalez-Jose, Rolando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas; Argentina
Fil: Ramallo, Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas; Argentina
87th Annual Meeting of the American Asociation of Physical Anthropologists
Austin
Estados Unidos
American Association of Physical Anthropologists
description There is growing consensus around the idea that much of our understanding on the causality of genetic plus environmentally based diseases and other complex phenotypes including suscep-tibility and/or resistance to pathogens is to be deciphered by exploring the fine-scale study of human genetic variation. When extrapolating this idea to the native populations, the challenge is greater due to the remarkable genetic variation that scientists have found within several regions of the Americas. After Columbus ́ landing in the Americas, the populations of the American conti-nent experienced a precipitous decline. Even though the spread of pathogens of European origin across nonimmune Native American is suspected to be responsible for a great propor-tion of the post-contact mortality, the situation cannot be extrapolated straightforwardly to all the New World populations. In fact, the local genetic, environmental, and cultural particulari-ties of the contact need to be considered in order to achieve a more sophisticated picture. Here I present some recurrent patterns regarding how epidemics devastated the indigenous people of the Americas. Specifically, I will focus on pattern similarities among the population decline of the Chumash (California) and Fueguians (Patagonia). A statistical comparison indicates that decimation coincides with mission estab-lishment. The concomitant increase in number of baptisms is almost-synchronically followed by a 15%/year of increasing in mortality each year, indicating a strong effect of density changes as a trigger to epidemic disease impact. Furthermore, I will discuss genetic and non-genetic factors that potentially generated deviations from the expected patterns of mortality due to infectious diseases.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2018
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
Reunión
Journal
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_5794
info:ar-repo/semantics/documentoDeConferencia
status_str publishedVersion
format conferenceObject
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/150295
How epidemics devastated the indigenous people of the Americas; 87th Annual Meeting of the American Asociation of Physical Anthropologists; Austin; Estados Unidos; 2018; 102-102
0002-9483
1096-8644
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/150295
identifier_str_mv How epidemics devastated the indigenous people of the Americas; 87th Annual Meeting of the American Asociation of Physical Anthropologists; Austin; Estados Unidos; 2018; 102-102
0002-9483
1096-8644
CONICET Digital
CONICET
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language eng
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dc.coverage.none.fl_str_mv Internacional
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv American Association of Physical Anthropologists
publisher.none.fl_str_mv American Association of Physical Anthropologists
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