Behavioural, endocrine and cardiac autonomic responses to a model of startle in horses
- Autores
- Villas Boas, Julia Dias; Martins Dias, Daniel Penteado; Trigo, Pablo Ignacio; dos Santos Almeida, Norma Aparecida; de Almeida, Fernando Queiroz; de Madeiros, Magda Alves
- Año de publicación
- 2016
- Idioma
- inglés
- Tipo de recurso
- artículo
- Estado
- versión publicada
- Descripción
- Startle is a fast response elicited by sudden acoustic, tactile or visual stimuli in a variety of animal species and in humans. The magnitude of startle response can be modulated by external and internal variables and can be a useful tool to study the sensory-motor integration in animals. Different stimuli have been used to induce startle in horses, which makes it difficult to compare the responses to these different approaches. The present study uses ultra-short-term heart rate variability (HRV) analysis to characterize the cardiac autonomic modulation, reactivity assessment and blood cortisol measurements to describe the behavioural and endocrine responses to a simple, easy to replicate, effective and safe method of startle (an umbrella is abruptly opened near the horse). The ultra-short-term (64. s) heart rate (HR) series were interpolated (4. Hz) and divided into 256 points segments then the spectra calculated (Fast Fourier Transform). The spectra were then integrated into low (LF; 0.01-0.07. Hz; Index of Cardiac Sympathetic Modulation) and high (HF; 0.07-0.50. Hz; Index of Cardiac Parasympathetic Modulation) frequency bands. Following the startle test, the HR (p = 0.0101), the power of the LF band of the cardiac interval spectrum (p = 0.0002) and the LF/HF ratio (p = 0.0066) were found to be higher, whereas the power of the HF band of the cardiac interval spectrum was found to be lower (p = 0.0002). Also, the horses showed a noticeable escape response, with latency of reaction varying from 0.28 to 1.28. s, duration of reaction ranging from 1.52 to 7.92. s and escape distance covered varying from 3.43 to 9.97. m. However, the endocrine measurements failed to reveal significant changes in the cortisol levels after the startle test. We conclude that the startle test used in the current study was effective to produce changes in behavioural parameters and cardiac autonomic modulation of the horses and can therefore be an appropriate tool for neurobiological studies. Furthermore, the use of ultra-short segments (64 s) for HRV analysis appears to be effective and promising for the detection of mental stress in horses.
Fil: Villas Boas, Julia Dias. Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil
Fil: Martins Dias, Daniel Penteado. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil
Fil: Trigo, Pablo Ignacio. Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: dos Santos Almeida, Norma Aparecida. Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil
Fil: de Almeida, Fernando Queiroz. Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil
Fil: de Madeiros, Magda Alves. Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil - Materia
-
AUTONOMIC RESPONSE
BEHAVIOUR
CARDIAC INTERVAL VARIABILITY
CORTISOL
HORSES
REACTIVITY
STARTLE RESPONSE
UMBRELLA-OPENING - Nivel de accesibilidad
- acceso abierto
- Condiciones de uso
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
- Repositorio
- Institución
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
- OAI Identificador
- oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/11501
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Behavioural, endocrine and cardiac autonomic responses to a model of startle in horsesVillas Boas, Julia DiasMartins Dias, Daniel PenteadoTrigo, Pablo Ignaciodos Santos Almeida, Norma Aparecidade Almeida, Fernando Queirozde Madeiros, Magda AlvesAUTONOMIC RESPONSEBEHAVIOURCARDIAC INTERVAL VARIABILITYCORTISOLHORSESREACTIVITYSTARTLE RESPONSEUMBRELLA-OPENINGhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/4.3https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4Startle is a fast response elicited by sudden acoustic, tactile or visual stimuli in a variety of animal species and in humans. The magnitude of startle response can be modulated by external and internal variables and can be a useful tool to study the sensory-motor integration in animals. Different stimuli have been used to induce startle in horses, which makes it difficult to compare the responses to these different approaches. The present study uses ultra-short-term heart rate variability (HRV) analysis to characterize the cardiac autonomic modulation, reactivity assessment and blood cortisol measurements to describe the behavioural and endocrine responses to a simple, easy to replicate, effective and safe method of startle (an umbrella is abruptly opened near the horse). The ultra-short-term (64. s) heart rate (HR) series were interpolated (4. Hz) and divided into 256 points segments then the spectra calculated (Fast Fourier Transform). The spectra were then integrated into low (LF; 0.01-0.07. Hz; Index of Cardiac Sympathetic Modulation) and high (HF; 0.07-0.50. Hz; Index of Cardiac Parasympathetic Modulation) frequency bands. Following the startle test, the HR (p = 0.0101), the power of the LF band of the cardiac interval spectrum (p = 0.0002) and the LF/HF ratio (p = 0.0066) were found to be higher, whereas the power of the HF band of the cardiac interval spectrum was found to be lower (p = 0.0002). Also, the horses showed a noticeable escape response, with latency of reaction varying from 0.28 to 1.28. s, duration of reaction ranging from 1.52 to 7.92. s and escape distance covered varying from 3.43 to 9.97. m. However, the endocrine measurements failed to reveal significant changes in the cortisol levels after the startle test. We conclude that the startle test used in the current study was effective to produce changes in behavioural parameters and cardiac autonomic modulation of the horses and can therefore be an appropriate tool for neurobiological studies. Furthermore, the use of ultra-short segments (64 s) for HRV analysis appears to be effective and promising for the detection of mental stress in horses.Fil: Villas Boas, Julia Dias. Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Martins Dias, Daniel Penteado. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Trigo, Pablo Ignacio. Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: dos Santos Almeida, Norma Aparecida. Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: de Almeida, Fernando Queiroz. Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: de Madeiros, Magda Alves. Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilElsevier Science2016-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/11501Villas Boas, Julia Dias; Martins Dias, Daniel Penteado; Trigo, Pablo Ignacio; dos Santos Almeida, Norma Aparecida; de Almeida, Fernando Queiroz; et al.; Behavioural, endocrine and cardiac autonomic responses to a model of startle in horses; Elsevier Science; Applied Animal Behaviour Science; 174; 1-2016; 76-820168-1591enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.applanim.2015.10.005info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168159115002713info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T09:33:02Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/11501instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 09:33:03.01CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Behavioural, endocrine and cardiac autonomic responses to a model of startle in horses |
title |
Behavioural, endocrine and cardiac autonomic responses to a model of startle in horses |
spellingShingle |
Behavioural, endocrine and cardiac autonomic responses to a model of startle in horses Villas Boas, Julia Dias AUTONOMIC RESPONSE BEHAVIOUR CARDIAC INTERVAL VARIABILITY CORTISOL HORSES REACTIVITY STARTLE RESPONSE UMBRELLA-OPENING |
title_short |
Behavioural, endocrine and cardiac autonomic responses to a model of startle in horses |
title_full |
Behavioural, endocrine and cardiac autonomic responses to a model of startle in horses |
title_fullStr |
Behavioural, endocrine and cardiac autonomic responses to a model of startle in horses |
title_full_unstemmed |
Behavioural, endocrine and cardiac autonomic responses to a model of startle in horses |
title_sort |
Behavioural, endocrine and cardiac autonomic responses to a model of startle in horses |
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Villas Boas, Julia Dias Martins Dias, Daniel Penteado Trigo, Pablo Ignacio dos Santos Almeida, Norma Aparecida de Almeida, Fernando Queiroz de Madeiros, Magda Alves |
author |
Villas Boas, Julia Dias |
author_facet |
Villas Boas, Julia Dias Martins Dias, Daniel Penteado Trigo, Pablo Ignacio dos Santos Almeida, Norma Aparecida de Almeida, Fernando Queiroz de Madeiros, Magda Alves |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Martins Dias, Daniel Penteado Trigo, Pablo Ignacio dos Santos Almeida, Norma Aparecida de Almeida, Fernando Queiroz de Madeiros, Magda Alves |
author2_role |
author author author author author |
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
AUTONOMIC RESPONSE BEHAVIOUR CARDIAC INTERVAL VARIABILITY CORTISOL HORSES REACTIVITY STARTLE RESPONSE UMBRELLA-OPENING |
topic |
AUTONOMIC RESPONSE BEHAVIOUR CARDIAC INTERVAL VARIABILITY CORTISOL HORSES REACTIVITY STARTLE RESPONSE UMBRELLA-OPENING |
purl_subject.fl_str_mv |
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4.3 https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4 |
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv |
Startle is a fast response elicited by sudden acoustic, tactile or visual stimuli in a variety of animal species and in humans. The magnitude of startle response can be modulated by external and internal variables and can be a useful tool to study the sensory-motor integration in animals. Different stimuli have been used to induce startle in horses, which makes it difficult to compare the responses to these different approaches. The present study uses ultra-short-term heart rate variability (HRV) analysis to characterize the cardiac autonomic modulation, reactivity assessment and blood cortisol measurements to describe the behavioural and endocrine responses to a simple, easy to replicate, effective and safe method of startle (an umbrella is abruptly opened near the horse). The ultra-short-term (64. s) heart rate (HR) series were interpolated (4. Hz) and divided into 256 points segments then the spectra calculated (Fast Fourier Transform). The spectra were then integrated into low (LF; 0.01-0.07. Hz; Index of Cardiac Sympathetic Modulation) and high (HF; 0.07-0.50. Hz; Index of Cardiac Parasympathetic Modulation) frequency bands. Following the startle test, the HR (p = 0.0101), the power of the LF band of the cardiac interval spectrum (p = 0.0002) and the LF/HF ratio (p = 0.0066) were found to be higher, whereas the power of the HF band of the cardiac interval spectrum was found to be lower (p = 0.0002). Also, the horses showed a noticeable escape response, with latency of reaction varying from 0.28 to 1.28. s, duration of reaction ranging from 1.52 to 7.92. s and escape distance covered varying from 3.43 to 9.97. m. However, the endocrine measurements failed to reveal significant changes in the cortisol levels after the startle test. We conclude that the startle test used in the current study was effective to produce changes in behavioural parameters and cardiac autonomic modulation of the horses and can therefore be an appropriate tool for neurobiological studies. Furthermore, the use of ultra-short segments (64 s) for HRV analysis appears to be effective and promising for the detection of mental stress in horses. Fil: Villas Boas, Julia Dias. Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil Fil: Martins Dias, Daniel Penteado. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil Fil: Trigo, Pablo Ignacio. Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: dos Santos Almeida, Norma Aparecida. Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil Fil: de Almeida, Fernando Queiroz. Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil Fil: de Madeiros, Magda Alves. Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil |
description |
Startle is a fast response elicited by sudden acoustic, tactile or visual stimuli in a variety of animal species and in humans. The magnitude of startle response can be modulated by external and internal variables and can be a useful tool to study the sensory-motor integration in animals. Different stimuli have been used to induce startle in horses, which makes it difficult to compare the responses to these different approaches. The present study uses ultra-short-term heart rate variability (HRV) analysis to characterize the cardiac autonomic modulation, reactivity assessment and blood cortisol measurements to describe the behavioural and endocrine responses to a simple, easy to replicate, effective and safe method of startle (an umbrella is abruptly opened near the horse). The ultra-short-term (64. s) heart rate (HR) series were interpolated (4. Hz) and divided into 256 points segments then the spectra calculated (Fast Fourier Transform). The spectra were then integrated into low (LF; 0.01-0.07. Hz; Index of Cardiac Sympathetic Modulation) and high (HF; 0.07-0.50. Hz; Index of Cardiac Parasympathetic Modulation) frequency bands. Following the startle test, the HR (p = 0.0101), the power of the LF band of the cardiac interval spectrum (p = 0.0002) and the LF/HF ratio (p = 0.0066) were found to be higher, whereas the power of the HF band of the cardiac interval spectrum was found to be lower (p = 0.0002). Also, the horses showed a noticeable escape response, with latency of reaction varying from 0.28 to 1.28. s, duration of reaction ranging from 1.52 to 7.92. s and escape distance covered varying from 3.43 to 9.97. m. However, the endocrine measurements failed to reveal significant changes in the cortisol levels after the startle test. We conclude that the startle test used in the current study was effective to produce changes in behavioural parameters and cardiac autonomic modulation of the horses and can therefore be an appropriate tool for neurobiological studies. Furthermore, the use of ultra-short segments (64 s) for HRV analysis appears to be effective and promising for the detection of mental stress in horses. |
publishDate |
2016 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2016-01 |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/11501 Villas Boas, Julia Dias; Martins Dias, Daniel Penteado; Trigo, Pablo Ignacio; dos Santos Almeida, Norma Aparecida; de Almeida, Fernando Queiroz; et al.; Behavioural, endocrine and cardiac autonomic responses to a model of startle in horses; Elsevier Science; Applied Animal Behaviour Science; 174; 1-2016; 76-82 0168-1591 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/11501 |
identifier_str_mv |
Villas Boas, Julia Dias; Martins Dias, Daniel Penteado; Trigo, Pablo Ignacio; dos Santos Almeida, Norma Aparecida; de Almeida, Fernando Queiroz; et al.; Behavioural, endocrine and cardiac autonomic responses to a model of startle in horses; Elsevier Science; Applied Animal Behaviour Science; 174; 1-2016; 76-82 0168-1591 |
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.applanim.2015.10.005 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168159115002713 |
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/ |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier Science |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier Science |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET) instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
reponame_str |
CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
collection |
CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
instname_str |
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar |
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1844613012245184512 |
score |
13.070432 |