Switched Controllers in Fully Closed Loop Insulin Delivery Systems: Reducing the Trade‐Off Between Prandial Control and Safety

Autores
Da Rosa Jurao, Fernando Leonel; Fushimi, Emilia; Garelli, Fabricio
Año de publicación
2025
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Background: One of the main challenges in control algorithm design for full closed-loop automated insulin delivery systems is the trade-off between the effective compensation of meal-related disturbances and ensuring user safety during the postprandial and fasting periods. Methods: This paper proposes and evaluates the performance of a switched tuning strategy, a promising but relatively underexplored solution in this domain. This method employs two distinct tunings of a primary control algorithm: an aggressive tuning for meal compensation and a conservative tuning for fasting periods. The analysis considers implementing the switched strategy for three control algorithms: model predictive control and proportional-derivative control, both widely used for glucose regulation, and a linear quadratic Gaussian control, an optimal algorithm previously validated in clinical settings under a switched structure. Additionally, to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the switched strategy implications, two nonswitched controllers are implemented for each control algorithm: an aggressive and a conservative tuning strategy. Results: The switched strategy significantly improves the trade-off between meal compensation and safety, increasing the time within the target range of 70–180 [mg/dL] for all three algorithms. For proportional-derivative control, the time in range increases from 69.1% with the conservative tuning and 83.1% with the aggressive to 86.6% with the switched structure. For model predictive control, the improvement is from 73.4% and 74.1% to 85.8%. Last, linear quadratic Gaussian control increases from 65.0% and 70.4% to 85.6%. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the switched strategy may be a feasible and straightforward approach for enhancing meal compensation without increasing the risk of postprandial hypoglycemia in people with diabetes.
Fil: Da Rosa Jurao, Fernando Leonel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales; Argentina
Fil: Fushimi, Emilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales; Argentina
Fil: Garelli, Fabricio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales; Argentina
Materia
AID system
Artificial pancreas
Full closed-loop
Switched control
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/275660
Acceder
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oai_identifier_str oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/275660
network_acronym_str CONICETDig
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network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Switched Controllers in Fully Closed Loop Insulin Delivery Systems: Reducing the Trade‐Off Between Prandial Control and SafetyDa Rosa Jurao, Fernando LeonelFushimi, EmiliaGarelli, FabricioAID systemArtificial pancreasFull closed-loopSwitched controlhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/2.2https://purl.org/becyt/ford/2Background: One of the main challenges in control algorithm design for full closed-loop automated insulin delivery systems is the trade-off between the effective compensation of meal-related disturbances and ensuring user safety during the postprandial and fasting periods. Methods: This paper proposes and evaluates the performance of a switched tuning strategy, a promising but relatively underexplored solution in this domain. This method employs two distinct tunings of a primary control algorithm: an aggressive tuning for meal compensation and a conservative tuning for fasting periods. The analysis considers implementing the switched strategy for three control algorithms: model predictive control and proportional-derivative control, both widely used for glucose regulation, and a linear quadratic Gaussian control, an optimal algorithm previously validated in clinical settings under a switched structure. Additionally, to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the switched strategy implications, two nonswitched controllers are implemented for each control algorithm: an aggressive and a conservative tuning strategy. Results: The switched strategy significantly improves the trade-off between meal compensation and safety, increasing the time within the target range of 70–180 [mg/dL] for all three algorithms. For proportional-derivative control, the time in range increases from 69.1% with the conservative tuning and 83.1% with the aggressive to 86.6% with the switched structure. For model predictive control, the improvement is from 73.4% and 74.1% to 85.8%. Last, linear quadratic Gaussian control increases from 65.0% and 70.4% to 85.6%. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the switched strategy may be a feasible and straightforward approach for enhancing meal compensation without increasing the risk of postprandial hypoglycemia in people with diabetes.Fil: Da Rosa Jurao, Fernando Leonel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales; ArgentinaFil: Fushimi, Emilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales; ArgentinaFil: Garelli, Fabricio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales; ArgentinaWiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc2025-08info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/275660Da Rosa Jurao, Fernando Leonel; Fushimi, Emilia; Garelli, Fabricio; Switched Controllers in Fully Closed Loop Insulin Delivery Systems: Reducing the Trade‐Off Between Prandial Control and Safety; Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc; Artificial Organs; 226; 112323; 8-2025; 1-100160-564XCONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/aor.15064info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1111/aor.15064info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-12-03T08:46:23Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/275660instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-12-03 08:46:23.772CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Switched Controllers in Fully Closed Loop Insulin Delivery Systems: Reducing the Trade‐Off Between Prandial Control and Safety
title Switched Controllers in Fully Closed Loop Insulin Delivery Systems: Reducing the Trade‐Off Between Prandial Control and Safety
spellingShingle Switched Controllers in Fully Closed Loop Insulin Delivery Systems: Reducing the Trade‐Off Between Prandial Control and Safety
Da Rosa Jurao, Fernando Leonel
AID system
Artificial pancreas
Full closed-loop
Switched control
title_short Switched Controllers in Fully Closed Loop Insulin Delivery Systems: Reducing the Trade‐Off Between Prandial Control and Safety
title_full Switched Controllers in Fully Closed Loop Insulin Delivery Systems: Reducing the Trade‐Off Between Prandial Control and Safety
title_fullStr Switched Controllers in Fully Closed Loop Insulin Delivery Systems: Reducing the Trade‐Off Between Prandial Control and Safety
title_full_unstemmed Switched Controllers in Fully Closed Loop Insulin Delivery Systems: Reducing the Trade‐Off Between Prandial Control and Safety
title_sort Switched Controllers in Fully Closed Loop Insulin Delivery Systems: Reducing the Trade‐Off Between Prandial Control and Safety
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Da Rosa Jurao, Fernando Leonel
Fushimi, Emilia
Garelli, Fabricio
author Da Rosa Jurao, Fernando Leonel
author_facet Da Rosa Jurao, Fernando Leonel
Fushimi, Emilia
Garelli, Fabricio
author_role author
author2 Fushimi, Emilia
Garelli, Fabricio
author2_role author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv AID system
Artificial pancreas
Full closed-loop
Switched control
topic AID system
Artificial pancreas
Full closed-loop
Switched control
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/2.2
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/2
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Background: One of the main challenges in control algorithm design for full closed-loop automated insulin delivery systems is the trade-off between the effective compensation of meal-related disturbances and ensuring user safety during the postprandial and fasting periods. Methods: This paper proposes and evaluates the performance of a switched tuning strategy, a promising but relatively underexplored solution in this domain. This method employs two distinct tunings of a primary control algorithm: an aggressive tuning for meal compensation and a conservative tuning for fasting periods. The analysis considers implementing the switched strategy for three control algorithms: model predictive control and proportional-derivative control, both widely used for glucose regulation, and a linear quadratic Gaussian control, an optimal algorithm previously validated in clinical settings under a switched structure. Additionally, to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the switched strategy implications, two nonswitched controllers are implemented for each control algorithm: an aggressive and a conservative tuning strategy. Results: The switched strategy significantly improves the trade-off between meal compensation and safety, increasing the time within the target range of 70–180 [mg/dL] for all three algorithms. For proportional-derivative control, the time in range increases from 69.1% with the conservative tuning and 83.1% with the aggressive to 86.6% with the switched structure. For model predictive control, the improvement is from 73.4% and 74.1% to 85.8%. Last, linear quadratic Gaussian control increases from 65.0% and 70.4% to 85.6%. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the switched strategy may be a feasible and straightforward approach for enhancing meal compensation without increasing the risk of postprandial hypoglycemia in people with diabetes.
Fil: Da Rosa Jurao, Fernando Leonel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales; Argentina
Fil: Fushimi, Emilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales; Argentina
Fil: Garelli, Fabricio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales; Argentina
description Background: One of the main challenges in control algorithm design for full closed-loop automated insulin delivery systems is the trade-off between the effective compensation of meal-related disturbances and ensuring user safety during the postprandial and fasting periods. Methods: This paper proposes and evaluates the performance of a switched tuning strategy, a promising but relatively underexplored solution in this domain. This method employs two distinct tunings of a primary control algorithm: an aggressive tuning for meal compensation and a conservative tuning for fasting periods. The analysis considers implementing the switched strategy for three control algorithms: model predictive control and proportional-derivative control, both widely used for glucose regulation, and a linear quadratic Gaussian control, an optimal algorithm previously validated in clinical settings under a switched structure. Additionally, to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the switched strategy implications, two nonswitched controllers are implemented for each control algorithm: an aggressive and a conservative tuning strategy. Results: The switched strategy significantly improves the trade-off between meal compensation and safety, increasing the time within the target range of 70–180 [mg/dL] for all three algorithms. For proportional-derivative control, the time in range increases from 69.1% with the conservative tuning and 83.1% with the aggressive to 86.6% with the switched structure. For model predictive control, the improvement is from 73.4% and 74.1% to 85.8%. Last, linear quadratic Gaussian control increases from 65.0% and 70.4% to 85.6%. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the switched strategy may be a feasible and straightforward approach for enhancing meal compensation without increasing the risk of postprandial hypoglycemia in people with diabetes.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025-08
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/275660
Da Rosa Jurao, Fernando Leonel; Fushimi, Emilia; Garelli, Fabricio; Switched Controllers in Fully Closed Loop Insulin Delivery Systems: Reducing the Trade‐Off Between Prandial Control and Safety; Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc; Artificial Organs; 226; 112323; 8-2025; 1-10
0160-564X
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/275660
identifier_str_mv Da Rosa Jurao, Fernando Leonel; Fushimi, Emilia; Garelli, Fabricio; Switched Controllers in Fully Closed Loop Insulin Delivery Systems: Reducing the Trade‐Off Between Prandial Control and Safety; Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc; Artificial Organs; 226; 112323; 8-2025; 1-10
0160-564X
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/aor.15064
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1111/aor.15064
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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