The Accuracy of Radio Direction Finding in the Extremely Low Frequency Range

Autores
Mlynarczyk, Janusz; Kulak, Andrzej; Salvador, Jacobo Omar
Año de publicación
2017
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
In this work, we study the accuracy of direction finding in the extremely low frequency (ELF) range using a newly installed broadband receiver equipped with two active magnetic antennas. The main natural source of ELF radio waves is lightning. In this work, we analyzed 1000 atmospheric discharges at distances of up to 5000 km from the receiver. We identified the most important factors influencing the accuracy of the angle of arrival: the deviation of the radio waves propagating through the day-night terminator zone and the signal-to-noise ratio resulting from local electromagnetic noise and Schumann resonance background. The obtained results clearly show that the accuracy of estimating the direction of arrival is very high (an average error of 0.1° with the standard deviation of 2.3°) when the signal-to-noise ratio is large (the amplitude of the magnetic field component above 100 pT), except for short periods in the local morning and evening, when the day-night terminator is present on the propagation path of the direct wave. For the day-night propagation paths, the refraction angle was larger than the incidence angle, and for the night-day propagation paths, the refraction angle was smaller than the incidence angle, which is consistent with theory. Using our analytical ELF radio propagation model allowed us to explain the obtained results.
Fil: Mlynarczyk, Janusz. AGH University of Science and Technology; Polonia
Fil: Kulak, Andrzej. AGH University of Science and Technology; Polonia
Fil: Salvador, Jacobo Omar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. UNIDEF - Observatorio Atmosférico de la Patagonia Austral | Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. UNIDEF - Observatorio Atmosférico de la Patagonia Austral; Argentina
Materia
ATMOSPHERIC DISCHARGES
EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY
LIGHTNING
RADIO WAVE PROPAGATION
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso embargado
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/42129
Acceder
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oai_identifier_str oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/42129
network_acronym_str CONICETDig
repository_id_str 3498
network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling The Accuracy of Radio Direction Finding in the Extremely Low Frequency RangeMlynarczyk, JanuszKulak, AndrzejSalvador, Jacobo OmarATMOSPHERIC DISCHARGESEXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCYLIGHTNINGRADIO WAVE PROPAGATIONhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1In this work, we study the accuracy of direction finding in the extremely low frequency (ELF) range using a newly installed broadband receiver equipped with two active magnetic antennas. The main natural source of ELF radio waves is lightning. In this work, we analyzed 1000 atmospheric discharges at distances of up to 5000 km from the receiver. We identified the most important factors influencing the accuracy of the angle of arrival: the deviation of the radio waves propagating through the day-night terminator zone and the signal-to-noise ratio resulting from local electromagnetic noise and Schumann resonance background. The obtained results clearly show that the accuracy of estimating the direction of arrival is very high (an average error of 0.1° with the standard deviation of 2.3°) when the signal-to-noise ratio is large (the amplitude of the magnetic field component above 100 pT), except for short periods in the local morning and evening, when the day-night terminator is present on the propagation path of the direct wave. For the day-night propagation paths, the refraction angle was larger than the incidence angle, and for the night-day propagation paths, the refraction angle was smaller than the incidence angle, which is consistent with theory. Using our analytical ELF radio propagation model allowed us to explain the obtained results.Fil: Mlynarczyk, Janusz. AGH University of Science and Technology; PoloniaFil: Kulak, Andrzej. AGH University of Science and Technology; PoloniaFil: Salvador, Jacobo Omar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. UNIDEF - Observatorio Atmosférico de la Patagonia Austral | Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. UNIDEF - Observatorio Atmosférico de la Patagonia Austral; ArgentinaAmerican Geophysical Union2017-10info:eu-repo/date/embargoEnd/2018-05-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/42129Mlynarczyk, Janusz; Kulak, Andrzej; Salvador, Jacobo Omar; The Accuracy of Radio Direction Finding in the Extremely Low Frequency Range; American Geophysical Union; Radio Science; 52; 10; 10-2017; 1245-12520048-6604CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1002/2017RS006370info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/2017RS006370info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T10:42:55Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/42129instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 10:42:55.901CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv The Accuracy of Radio Direction Finding in the Extremely Low Frequency Range
title The Accuracy of Radio Direction Finding in the Extremely Low Frequency Range
spellingShingle The Accuracy of Radio Direction Finding in the Extremely Low Frequency Range
Mlynarczyk, Janusz
ATMOSPHERIC DISCHARGES
EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY
LIGHTNING
RADIO WAVE PROPAGATION
title_short The Accuracy of Radio Direction Finding in the Extremely Low Frequency Range
title_full The Accuracy of Radio Direction Finding in the Extremely Low Frequency Range
title_fullStr The Accuracy of Radio Direction Finding in the Extremely Low Frequency Range
title_full_unstemmed The Accuracy of Radio Direction Finding in the Extremely Low Frequency Range
title_sort The Accuracy of Radio Direction Finding in the Extremely Low Frequency Range
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Mlynarczyk, Janusz
Kulak, Andrzej
Salvador, Jacobo Omar
author Mlynarczyk, Janusz
author_facet Mlynarczyk, Janusz
Kulak, Andrzej
Salvador, Jacobo Omar
author_role author
author2 Kulak, Andrzej
Salvador, Jacobo Omar
author2_role author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv ATMOSPHERIC DISCHARGES
EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY
LIGHTNING
RADIO WAVE PROPAGATION
topic ATMOSPHERIC DISCHARGES
EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY
LIGHTNING
RADIO WAVE PROPAGATION
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv In this work, we study the accuracy of direction finding in the extremely low frequency (ELF) range using a newly installed broadband receiver equipped with two active magnetic antennas. The main natural source of ELF radio waves is lightning. In this work, we analyzed 1000 atmospheric discharges at distances of up to 5000 km from the receiver. We identified the most important factors influencing the accuracy of the angle of arrival: the deviation of the radio waves propagating through the day-night terminator zone and the signal-to-noise ratio resulting from local electromagnetic noise and Schumann resonance background. The obtained results clearly show that the accuracy of estimating the direction of arrival is very high (an average error of 0.1° with the standard deviation of 2.3°) when the signal-to-noise ratio is large (the amplitude of the magnetic field component above 100 pT), except for short periods in the local morning and evening, when the day-night terminator is present on the propagation path of the direct wave. For the day-night propagation paths, the refraction angle was larger than the incidence angle, and for the night-day propagation paths, the refraction angle was smaller than the incidence angle, which is consistent with theory. Using our analytical ELF radio propagation model allowed us to explain the obtained results.
Fil: Mlynarczyk, Janusz. AGH University of Science and Technology; Polonia
Fil: Kulak, Andrzej. AGH University of Science and Technology; Polonia
Fil: Salvador, Jacobo Omar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. UNIDEF - Observatorio Atmosférico de la Patagonia Austral | Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. UNIDEF - Observatorio Atmosférico de la Patagonia Austral; Argentina
description In this work, we study the accuracy of direction finding in the extremely low frequency (ELF) range using a newly installed broadband receiver equipped with two active magnetic antennas. The main natural source of ELF radio waves is lightning. In this work, we analyzed 1000 atmospheric discharges at distances of up to 5000 km from the receiver. We identified the most important factors influencing the accuracy of the angle of arrival: the deviation of the radio waves propagating through the day-night terminator zone and the signal-to-noise ratio resulting from local electromagnetic noise and Schumann resonance background. The obtained results clearly show that the accuracy of estimating the direction of arrival is very high (an average error of 0.1° with the standard deviation of 2.3°) when the signal-to-noise ratio is large (the amplitude of the magnetic field component above 100 pT), except for short periods in the local morning and evening, when the day-night terminator is present on the propagation path of the direct wave. For the day-night propagation paths, the refraction angle was larger than the incidence angle, and for the night-day propagation paths, the refraction angle was smaller than the incidence angle, which is consistent with theory. Using our analytical ELF radio propagation model allowed us to explain the obtained results.
publishDate 2017
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2017-10
info:eu-repo/date/embargoEnd/2018-05-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/42129
Mlynarczyk, Janusz; Kulak, Andrzej; Salvador, Jacobo Omar; The Accuracy of Radio Direction Finding in the Extremely Low Frequency Range; American Geophysical Union; Radio Science; 52; 10; 10-2017; 1245-1252
0048-6604
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/42129
identifier_str_mv Mlynarczyk, Janusz; Kulak, Andrzej; Salvador, Jacobo Omar; The Accuracy of Radio Direction Finding in the Extremely Low Frequency Range; American Geophysical Union; Radio Science; 52; 10; 10-2017; 1245-1252
0048-6604
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1002/2017RS006370
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/2017RS006370
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv embargoedAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv American Geophysical Union
publisher.none.fl_str_mv American Geophysical Union
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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score 13.070432

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