Genomic analysis of the necrotrophic fungal pathogens Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea

• Autores: Ten Have, Arjen; Amselem, Joelle; Cuomo, Christina A.; Jan, A. L. van Kan; Viaud, Muriel; Benito, Ernesto P.; Couloux, Arnaud; Coutinho, Pedro M.; Vries, Ronald P. de; Dyer, Paul S.; Fillinger, Sabine; Fournier, Elisabeth; Gout, Lilian; Hahn, Matthias; Kohn, Linda; Lapalu, Nicolas; Plummer, Kim M.; Pradier, Jean-Marc; Quévillon, Emmanuel; Sharon, Amir; Simon, Adeline; Tudzynski, Bettina; Tudzynski, Paul; Wincker, Patrick; Andrew, Marion; Anthouard, Véronique; Beever, Ross E.; Beffa, Rolland; Benoit, Isabelle; Bouzid, Ourdia
• Año de publicación: 2011
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Materia: gray mould; white mould; genome analysis; genome sequence
• Institución: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea are closely related necrotrophic plant pathogenic fungi notable for their wide host ranges and environmental persistence. These attributes have made these species models for understanding the complexity of necrotrophic, broad host-range pathogenicity. Despite their similarities, the two species differ in mating behaviour and the ability to produce asexual spores. We have sequenced the genomes of one strain of S. sclerotiorum and two strains of B. cinerea. The comparative analysis of these genomes relative to one another and to other sequenced fungal genomes is provided here. Their 38–39 Mb genomes include 11,860–14,270 predicted genes, which share 83% amino acid identity on average between the two species. We have mapped the S. sclerotiorum assembly to 16 chromosomes and found large-scale co-linearity with the B. cinerea genomes. Seven percent of the S. sclerotiorum genome comprises transposable elements compared to <1% of B. cinerea. The arsenal of genes associated with necrotrophic processes is similar between the species, including genes involved in plant cell wall degradation and oxalic acid production. Analysis of secondary metabolism gene clusters revealed an expansion in number and diversity of B. cinerea–specific secondary metabolites relative to S. sclerotiorum. The potential diversity in secondary metabolism might be involved in adaptation to specific ecological niches. Comparative genome analysis revealed the basis of differing sexual mating compatibility systems between S. sclerotiorum and B. cinerea. The organization of the mating-type loci differs, and their structures provide evidence for the evolution of heterothallism from homothallism. These data shed light on the evolutionary and mechanistic bases of the genetically complex traits of necrotrophic pathogenicity and sexual mating. This resource should facilitate the functional studies designed to better understand what makes these fungi such successful and persistent pathogens of agronomic crops.
Fil: Ten Have, Arjen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina
Fil: Amselem, Joelle. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia
Fil: Cuomo, Christina A.. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; Estados Unidos
Fil: Jan, A. L. van Kan. Wageningen University; Países Bajos
Fil: Viaud, Muriel. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia
Fil: Benito, Ernesto P.. Universidad de Salamanca; España
Fil: Couloux, Arnaud. Centre National de Séquençage. Genoscope; Francia
Fil: Coutinho, Pedro M.. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia
Fil: Vries, Ronald P. de. Microbiology and Kluyver Centre for Genomics of Industrial Fermentations; Países Bajos. Fungal Biodiversity Centre; Países Bajos
Fil: Dyer, Paul S.. The University Of Nottingham; Reino Unido
Fil: Fillinger, Sabine. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia
Fil: Fournier, Elisabeth. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia. Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement; Francia
Fil: Gout, Lilian. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia
Fil: Hahn, Matthias. University Of Kaiserlautern; Alemania
Fil: Kohn, Linda. University Of Toronto; Canadá
Fil: Lapalu, Nicolas. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia
Fil: Plummer, Kim M.. la Trobe University; Australia
Fil: Pradier, Jean-Marc. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia
Fil: Quévillon, Emmanuel. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia
Fil: Sharon, Amir. Tel Aviv University. Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants; Israel
Fil: Simon, Adeline. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia
Fil: Tudzynski, Bettina. Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen; Alemania
Fil: Tudzynski, Paul. Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen; Alemania
Fil: Wincker, Patrick. Centre National de Séquençage. Genoscope; Francia
Fil: Andrew, Marion. University Of Toronto; Canadá
Fil: Anthouard, Véronique. Centre National de Séquençage. Genoscope; Francia
Fil: Beever, Ross E.. Landcare Research; Nueva Zelanda
Fil: Beffa, Rolland. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia
Fil: Benoit, Isabelle . Microbiology and Kluyver Centre for Genomics of Industrial Fermentations; Países Bajos
Fil: Bouzid, Ourdia. Microbiology and Kluyver Centre for Genomics of Industrial Fermentations; Países Bajos