Formaldehyde in the tropical western pacific: Chemical sources and sinks, convective transport, and representation in CAM-Chem and the CCMI models

• Autores: Anderson, Daniel C.; Nicely, Julie M.; Wolfe, Glenn M.; Hanisco, Thomas F.; Salawitch, Ross J.; Canty, Timothy P.; Dickerson, Russell R.; Apel, Eric C.; Baidar, Sunil; Bannan, Thomas J.; Blake, Nicola J.; Chen, Dexian; Dix, Barbara; Fernandez, Rafael Pedro; Hall, Samuel R.; Hornbrook, Rebecca S.; Huey, L. Gregory; Josse, Beatrice; Jöckel, Patrick; Kinnison, Douglas E.; Koenig, Theodore K.; Le Breton, Michael; Marécal, Virginie; Morgenstern, Olaf; Oman, Luke D.; Pan, Laura L.; Percival, Carl; Plummer, David; Revell, Laura E.; Rozanov, Eugene; Saiz-lopez, Alfonso; Stenke, Andrea; Sudo, Kengo; Tilmes, Simone; Ullmann, Kirk; Volkamer, Rainer; Weinheimer, Andrew J.; Zeng, Guang
• Año de publicación: 2017
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Materia: Formaldehide; Oxidative Capacity Of the Atmosphere; Contrast; Cam-Chem; Ccmi
• Institución: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas

Formaldehyde (HCHO) directly affects the atmospheric oxidative capacity through its effects onHOx. In remote marine environments, such as the tropical western Pacific (TWP), it is particularly importantto understand the processes controlling the abundance of HCHO because model output from these regions isused to correct satellite retrievals of HCHO. Here we have used observations from the Convective Transport ofActive Species in the Tropics (CONTRAST)field campaign, conducted during January and February 2014, toevaluate our understanding of the processes controlling the distribution of HCHO in the TWP as well as itsrepresentation in chemical transport/climate models. Observed HCHO mixing ratios varied from ~500 partsper trillion by volume (pptv) near the surface to ~75 pptv in the upper troposphere. Recent convectivetransport of near surface HCHO and its precursors, acetaldehyde and possibly methyl hydroperoxide,increased upper tropospheric HCHO mixing ratios by ~33% (22 pptv); this air contained roughly 60% less NOthan more aged air.Output from the CAM-Chem chemistry transport model (2014 meteorology)as well asninechemistry climate models from the Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative (free-running meteorology) are foundto uniformly underestimate HCHO columns derived from in situ observations by between 4 and 50%. Thisunderestimate of HCHO likely results from a near factor of two underestimate of NO in most models, whichstrongly suggests errors in NOxemissions inventories and/or in the model chemical mechanisms. Likewise, thelack of oceanic acetaldehyde emissions and potential errors in the model acetaldehyde chemistry lead toadditional underestimates in modeled HCHO of up to 75 pptv (~15%) in the lower troposphere.
Fil: Anderson, Daniel C.. University of Maryland. Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science; Estados Unidos
Fil: Nicely, Julie M.. University of Maryland. Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science; Estados Unidos. University Space Research; Estados Unidos
Fil: Wolfe, Glenn M.. University of Maryland. Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science; Estados Unidos. National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Estados Unidos
Fil: Hanisco, Thomas F.. National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Estados Unidos
Fil: Salawitch, Ross J.. University of Maryland. Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science; Estados Unidos
Fil: Canty, Timothy P.. University of Maryland. Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science; Estados Unidos
Fil: Dickerson, Russell R.. University of Maryland. Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science; Estados Unidos
Fil: Apel, Eric C.. National Center For Atmospheric Research. Amospheric Chemistry División; Estados Unidos
Fil: Baidar, Sunil. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados Unidos. Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Bannan, Thomas J.. University of Manchester; Reino Unido
Fil: Blake, Nicola J.. University of California; Estados Unidos
Fil: Chen, Dexian. Georgia Institute of Techology; Estados Unidos
Fil: Dix, Barbara. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados Unidos
Fil: Fernandez, Rafael Pedro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano,; España
Fil: Hall, Samuel R.. National Center For Atmospheric Research. Amospheric Chemistry División; Estados Unidos
Fil: Hornbrook, Rebecca S.. National Center For Atmospheric Research. Amospheric Chemistry División; Estados Unidos
Fil: Huey, L. Gregory. Georgia Institute of Techology; Estados Unidos
Fil: Josse, Beatrice. Centre National de Recherche Météorologique; Francia
Fil: Jöckel, Patrick. Deutsches Zentrum für Luft‐ und Raumfahrt, Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre; Alemania
Fil: Kinnison, Douglas E.. National Center for Atmospheric Research; Estados Unidos
Fil: Koenig, Theodore K.. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados Unidos
Fil: Le Breton, Michael. University of Gothenburg; Suecia
Fil: Marécal, Virginie. Centre National de Recherche Météorologique; Francia
Fil: Morgenstern, Olaf. National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research; Nueva Zelanda
Fil: Oman, Luke D.. National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Estados Unidos
Fil: Pan, Laura L.. National Center for Atmospheric Research; Estados Unidos
Fil: Percival, Carl. University of Manchester; Reino Unido
Fil: Plummer, David. Canadian Centre for Climate Modeling and Analysis; Canadá
Fil: Revell, Laura E.. Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science; Suiza
Fil: Rozanov, Eugene. Physikalisch-meteorologisches Observatorium Davos World Radiation Center; Suiza
Fil: Saiz-lopez, Alfonso. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Química Física; España
Fil: Stenke, Andrea. Eth Zürich; Suiza
Fil: Sudo, Kengo. Japan Agency For Marin-earth Science And Technology; Japón
Fil: Tilmes, Simone. National Center for Atmospheric Research; Estados Unidos
Fil: Ullmann, Kirk. National Center for Atmospheric Research; Estados Unidos
Fil: Volkamer, Rainer. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados Unidos
Fil: Weinheimer, Andrew J.. National Center for Atmospheric Research; Estados Unidos
Fil: Zeng, Guang. National Institute Of Water And Atmospheric Research; Nueva Zelanda