Mechanical analysis of feeding behavior in the extinct " Terror Bird " Andalgalornis steulleti (Gruiformes: phorusrhacidae)
- Autores
- Degrange, Federico Javier; Tambussi, Claudia Patricia; Moreno, Karen Gabriela; Witmer, Lawrence M.; Wroe, Stephen
- Año de publicación
- 2010
- Idioma
- inglés
- Tipo de recurso
- artículo
- Estado
- versión publicada
- Descripción
- The South American phorusrhacid bird radiation comprised at least 18 species of small to gigantic terrestrial predators for which there are no close modern analogs. Here we perform functional analyses of the skull of the medium-sized (,40 kg) patagornithine phorusrhacid Andalgalornis steulleti (upper Miocene-lower Pliocene, Andalgalá Formation, Catamarca, Argentina) to assess its mechanical performance in a comparative context. Based on computed tomographic (CT) scanning and morphological analysis, the skull of Andalgalornis steulleti is interpreted as showing features reflecting loss of intracranial immobility. Discrete anatomical attributes permitting such cranial kinesis are widespread phorusrhacids outgroups, but this is the first clear evidence of loss of cranial kinesis in a gruiform bird and may be among the best documented cases among all birds. This apomorphic loss is interpreted as an adaptation for enhanced craniofacial rigidity, particularly with regard to sagittal loading. We apply a Finite Element approach to a three-dimensional (3D) model of the skull. Based on regression analysis we estimate the bite force of Andalgalornis at the bill tip to be 133 N. Relative to results obtained from Finite Element Analysis of one of its closest living relatives (seriema) and a large predatory bird (eagle), the phorusrhacid's skull shows relatively high stress under lateral loadings, but low stress where force is applied dorsoventrally (sagittally) and in ''pullback'' simulations. Given the relative weakness of the skull mediolaterally, it seems unlikely that Andalgalornis engaged in potentially risky behaviors that involved subduing large, struggling prey with its beak. We suggest that it either consumed smaller prey that could be killed and consumed more safely (e.g., swallowed whole) or that it used multiple well-targeted sagittal strikes with the beak in a repetitive attack-and-retreat strategy.
Fil: Degrange, Federico Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; Argentina
Fil: Tambussi, Claudia Patricia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; Argentina
Fil: Moreno, Karen Gabriela. Universidad Austral de Chile; Chile. University of New South Wales. School of Biological, Earthand Environmental Sciences. Evolution and Ecology Research Centre ; Australia
Fil: Witmer, Lawrence M.. Ohio State University; Estados Unidos
Fil: Wroe, Stephen. University of New South Wales. School of Biological, Earthand Environmental Sciences. Evolution and Ecology Research Centre ; Australia - Materia
-
Finite Element Analysis
Andalgalornis
Feeding Behavior - Nivel de accesibilidad
- acceso abierto
- Condiciones de uso
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
- Repositorio
- Institución
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
- OAI Identificador
- oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/54545
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Mechanical analysis of feeding behavior in the extinct " Terror Bird " Andalgalornis steulleti (Gruiformes: phorusrhacidae)Degrange, Federico JavierTambussi, Claudia PatriciaMoreno, Karen GabrielaWitmer, Lawrence M.Wroe, StephenFinite Element AnalysisAndalgalornisFeeding Behaviorhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1The South American phorusrhacid bird radiation comprised at least 18 species of small to gigantic terrestrial predators for which there are no close modern analogs. Here we perform functional analyses of the skull of the medium-sized (,40 kg) patagornithine phorusrhacid Andalgalornis steulleti (upper Miocene-lower Pliocene, Andalgalá Formation, Catamarca, Argentina) to assess its mechanical performance in a comparative context. Based on computed tomographic (CT) scanning and morphological analysis, the skull of Andalgalornis steulleti is interpreted as showing features reflecting loss of intracranial immobility. Discrete anatomical attributes permitting such cranial kinesis are widespread phorusrhacids outgroups, but this is the first clear evidence of loss of cranial kinesis in a gruiform bird and may be among the best documented cases among all birds. This apomorphic loss is interpreted as an adaptation for enhanced craniofacial rigidity, particularly with regard to sagittal loading. We apply a Finite Element approach to a three-dimensional (3D) model of the skull. Based on regression analysis we estimate the bite force of Andalgalornis at the bill tip to be 133 N. Relative to results obtained from Finite Element Analysis of one of its closest living relatives (seriema) and a large predatory bird (eagle), the phorusrhacid's skull shows relatively high stress under lateral loadings, but low stress where force is applied dorsoventrally (sagittally) and in ''pullback'' simulations. Given the relative weakness of the skull mediolaterally, it seems unlikely that Andalgalornis engaged in potentially risky behaviors that involved subduing large, struggling prey with its beak. We suggest that it either consumed smaller prey that could be killed and consumed more safely (e.g., swallowed whole) or that it used multiple well-targeted sagittal strikes with the beak in a repetitive attack-and-retreat strategy.Fil: Degrange, Federico Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; ArgentinaFil: Tambussi, Claudia Patricia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; ArgentinaFil: Moreno, Karen Gabriela. Universidad Austral de Chile; Chile. University of New South Wales. School of Biological, Earthand Environmental Sciences. Evolution and Ecology Research Centre ; AustraliaFil: Witmer, Lawrence M.. Ohio State University; Estados UnidosFil: Wroe, Stephen. University of New South Wales. School of Biological, Earthand Environmental Sciences. Evolution and Ecology Research Centre ; AustraliaPublic Library of Science2010-08info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/vnd.rarapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/54545Degrange, Federico Javier; Tambussi, Claudia Patricia; Moreno, Karen Gabriela; Witmer, Lawrence M.; Wroe, Stephen; Mechanical analysis of feeding behavior in the extinct " Terror Bird " Andalgalornis steulleti (Gruiformes: phorusrhacidae); Public Library of Science; Plos One; 5; 8; 8-20101932-6203CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0011856info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0011856info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T09:37:49Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/54545instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 09:37:49.382CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Mechanical analysis of feeding behavior in the extinct " Terror Bird " Andalgalornis steulleti (Gruiformes: phorusrhacidae) |
title |
Mechanical analysis of feeding behavior in the extinct " Terror Bird " Andalgalornis steulleti (Gruiformes: phorusrhacidae) |
spellingShingle |
Mechanical analysis of feeding behavior in the extinct " Terror Bird " Andalgalornis steulleti (Gruiformes: phorusrhacidae) Degrange, Federico Javier Finite Element Analysis Andalgalornis Feeding Behavior |
title_short |
Mechanical analysis of feeding behavior in the extinct " Terror Bird " Andalgalornis steulleti (Gruiformes: phorusrhacidae) |
title_full |
Mechanical analysis of feeding behavior in the extinct " Terror Bird " Andalgalornis steulleti (Gruiformes: phorusrhacidae) |
title_fullStr |
Mechanical analysis of feeding behavior in the extinct " Terror Bird " Andalgalornis steulleti (Gruiformes: phorusrhacidae) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mechanical analysis of feeding behavior in the extinct " Terror Bird " Andalgalornis steulleti (Gruiformes: phorusrhacidae) |
title_sort |
Mechanical analysis of feeding behavior in the extinct " Terror Bird " Andalgalornis steulleti (Gruiformes: phorusrhacidae) |
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Degrange, Federico Javier Tambussi, Claudia Patricia Moreno, Karen Gabriela Witmer, Lawrence M. Wroe, Stephen |
author |
Degrange, Federico Javier |
author_facet |
Degrange, Federico Javier Tambussi, Claudia Patricia Moreno, Karen Gabriela Witmer, Lawrence M. Wroe, Stephen |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Tambussi, Claudia Patricia Moreno, Karen Gabriela Witmer, Lawrence M. Wroe, Stephen |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Finite Element Analysis Andalgalornis Feeding Behavior |
topic |
Finite Element Analysis Andalgalornis Feeding Behavior |
purl_subject.fl_str_mv |
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5 https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1 |
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv |
The South American phorusrhacid bird radiation comprised at least 18 species of small to gigantic terrestrial predators for which there are no close modern analogs. Here we perform functional analyses of the skull of the medium-sized (,40 kg) patagornithine phorusrhacid Andalgalornis steulleti (upper Miocene-lower Pliocene, Andalgalá Formation, Catamarca, Argentina) to assess its mechanical performance in a comparative context. Based on computed tomographic (CT) scanning and morphological analysis, the skull of Andalgalornis steulleti is interpreted as showing features reflecting loss of intracranial immobility. Discrete anatomical attributes permitting such cranial kinesis are widespread phorusrhacids outgroups, but this is the first clear evidence of loss of cranial kinesis in a gruiform bird and may be among the best documented cases among all birds. This apomorphic loss is interpreted as an adaptation for enhanced craniofacial rigidity, particularly with regard to sagittal loading. We apply a Finite Element approach to a three-dimensional (3D) model of the skull. Based on regression analysis we estimate the bite force of Andalgalornis at the bill tip to be 133 N. Relative to results obtained from Finite Element Analysis of one of its closest living relatives (seriema) and a large predatory bird (eagle), the phorusrhacid's skull shows relatively high stress under lateral loadings, but low stress where force is applied dorsoventrally (sagittally) and in ''pullback'' simulations. Given the relative weakness of the skull mediolaterally, it seems unlikely that Andalgalornis engaged in potentially risky behaviors that involved subduing large, struggling prey with its beak. We suggest that it either consumed smaller prey that could be killed and consumed more safely (e.g., swallowed whole) or that it used multiple well-targeted sagittal strikes with the beak in a repetitive attack-and-retreat strategy. Fil: Degrange, Federico Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; Argentina Fil: Tambussi, Claudia Patricia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; Argentina Fil: Moreno, Karen Gabriela. Universidad Austral de Chile; Chile. University of New South Wales. School of Biological, Earthand Environmental Sciences. Evolution and Ecology Research Centre ; Australia Fil: Witmer, Lawrence M.. Ohio State University; Estados Unidos Fil: Wroe, Stephen. University of New South Wales. School of Biological, Earthand Environmental Sciences. Evolution and Ecology Research Centre ; Australia |
description |
The South American phorusrhacid bird radiation comprised at least 18 species of small to gigantic terrestrial predators for which there are no close modern analogs. Here we perform functional analyses of the skull of the medium-sized (,40 kg) patagornithine phorusrhacid Andalgalornis steulleti (upper Miocene-lower Pliocene, Andalgalá Formation, Catamarca, Argentina) to assess its mechanical performance in a comparative context. Based on computed tomographic (CT) scanning and morphological analysis, the skull of Andalgalornis steulleti is interpreted as showing features reflecting loss of intracranial immobility. Discrete anatomical attributes permitting such cranial kinesis are widespread phorusrhacids outgroups, but this is the first clear evidence of loss of cranial kinesis in a gruiform bird and may be among the best documented cases among all birds. This apomorphic loss is interpreted as an adaptation for enhanced craniofacial rigidity, particularly with regard to sagittal loading. We apply a Finite Element approach to a three-dimensional (3D) model of the skull. Based on regression analysis we estimate the bite force of Andalgalornis at the bill tip to be 133 N. Relative to results obtained from Finite Element Analysis of one of its closest living relatives (seriema) and a large predatory bird (eagle), the phorusrhacid's skull shows relatively high stress under lateral loadings, but low stress where force is applied dorsoventrally (sagittally) and in ''pullback'' simulations. Given the relative weakness of the skull mediolaterally, it seems unlikely that Andalgalornis engaged in potentially risky behaviors that involved subduing large, struggling prey with its beak. We suggest that it either consumed smaller prey that could be killed and consumed more safely (e.g., swallowed whole) or that it used multiple well-targeted sagittal strikes with the beak in a repetitive attack-and-retreat strategy. |
publishDate |
2010 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2010-08 |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/54545 Degrange, Federico Javier; Tambussi, Claudia Patricia; Moreno, Karen Gabriela; Witmer, Lawrence M.; Wroe, Stephen; Mechanical analysis of feeding behavior in the extinct " Terror Bird " Andalgalornis steulleti (Gruiformes: phorusrhacidae); Public Library of Science; Plos One; 5; 8; 8-2010 1932-6203 CONICET Digital CONICET |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/54545 |
identifier_str_mv |
Degrange, Federico Javier; Tambussi, Claudia Patricia; Moreno, Karen Gabriela; Witmer, Lawrence M.; Wroe, Stephen; Mechanical analysis of feeding behavior in the extinct " Terror Bird " Andalgalornis steulleti (Gruiformes: phorusrhacidae); Public Library of Science; Plos One; 5; 8; 8-2010 1932-6203 CONICET Digital CONICET |
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0011856 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0011856 |
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/ |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf application/vnd.rar application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Public Library of Science |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Public Library of Science |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET) instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
reponame_str |
CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
collection |
CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
instname_str |
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar |
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1844613192911683584 |
score |
13.070432 |