ALMA-IMF: XII. Point-process mapping of 15 massive protoclusters

• Autores: Della Vedova, Juan Pablo; Motte, F.; Gusdorf, A.; Pouteau, Y.; Men'shchikov, A.; Díaz González, D.; Galván Madrid, R.; Lesaffre, P.; Didelon, P.; Stutz, A. M.; Towner, A. P. M.; Marsh, K.; Whitworth, A.; Armante, M.; Bonfand, M.; Nony, T.; Valeille Manet, M.; Bontemps, Sophie; Csengeri, T.; Cunningham, N.; Ginsburg, A.; Louvet, F.; Álvarez Gutiérrez, R. H.; Brouillet, N.; Salinas, J.; Sanhueza, P.; Nakamura, F.; Nguyen Luong, Q.; Baug, T.; Fernandez Lopez, Manuel; Liu, H. L.; Olguin, F.
• Año de publicación: 2024
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Materia: dust; extinction; stars: formation
• Institución: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas

Context. A crucial aspect in addressing the challenge of measuring the core mass function (CMF), that is pivotal for comprehending the origin of the initial mass function (IMF), lies in constraining the temperatures of the cores. Aims. We aim to measure the luminosity, mass, column density and dust temperature of star-forming regions imaged by the ALMA-IMF large program. These fields were chosen to encompass early evolutionary stages of massive protoclusters. High angular resolution mapping is required to capture the properties of protostellar and pre-stellar cores within these regions, and to effectively separate them from larger features, such as dusty filaments. Methods. We employed the point process mapping (PPMAP) technique, enabling us to perform spectral energy distribution fitting of far-infrared and submillimeter observations across the 15 ALMA-IMF fields, at an unmatched 2.5″ angular resolution. By combining the modified blackbody model with near-infrared data, we derived bolometric luminosity maps. We estimated the errors impacting values of each pixel in the temperature, column density, and luminosity maps. Subsequently, we employed the extraction algorithm getsf on the luminosity maps in order to detect luminosity peaks and measure their associated masses. Results. We obtained high-resolution constraints on the luminosity, dust temperature, and mass of protoclusters, that are in agreement with previously reported measurements made at a coarser angular resolution. We find that the luminosity-to-mass ratio correlates with the evolutionary stage of the studied regions, albeit with intra-region variability. We compiled a PPMAP source catalog of 313 luminosity peaks using getsf on the derived bolometric luminosity maps. The PPMAP source catalog provides constraints on the mass and luminosity of protostars and cores, although one source may encompass several objects. Finally, we compare the estimated luminosity-to-mass ratio of PPMAP sources with evolutionary tracks and discuss the limitations imposed by the 2.5″ beam.
Fil: Della Vedova, Juan Pablo. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. PSL Research University; Francia. Sorbonne University; Francia
Fil: Motte, F.. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Universite Grenoble Alpes; Francia
Fil: Gusdorf, A.. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Ecole Normale Supérieure; Francia
Fil: Pouteau, Y.. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Universite Grenoble Alpes; Francia
Fil: Men'shchikov, A.. Universite Paris-Saclay ;
Fil: Díaz González, D.. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica; Italia
Fil: Galván Madrid, R.. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica; Italia
Fil: Lesaffre, P.. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia
Fil: Didelon, P.. Universite Paris-saclay; Francia
Fil: Stutz, A. M.. Universidad de Concepción; Chile
Fil: Towner, A. P. M.. University of Arizona; Estados Unidos
Fil: Marsh, K.. California Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos
Fil: Whitworth, A.. Cardiff University; Reino Unido
Fil: Armante, M.. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Ecole Normale Supérieure; Francia
Fil: Bonfand, M.. University of Virginia; Estados Unidos
Fil: Nony, T.. Instituto de Radioastronomía y Astrofísica (irya-unam); México
Fil: Valeille Manet, M.. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia
Fil: Bontemps, Sophie. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia
Fil: Csengeri, T.. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia
Fil: Cunningham, N.. Universite Grenoble Alpes; Francia
Fil: Ginsburg, A.. University of Florida; Estados Unidos
Fil: Louvet, F.. Universite Grenoble Alpes; Francia
Fil: Álvarez Gutiérrez, R. H.. Universidad de Concepción; Chile
Fil: Brouillet, N.. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia
Fil: Salinas, J.. Universidad de Concepción; Chile
Fil: Sanhueza, P.. National Institutes Of Natural Sciences; Japón
Fil: Nakamura, F.. National Institutes Of Natural Sciences; Japón
Fil: Nguyen Luong, Q.. The American University Of Paris; Francia
Fil: Baug, T.. Bose National Centre For Basic Sciences; India
Fil: Fernandez Lopez, Manuel. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía; Argentina
Fil: Liu, H. L.. Universidad de Concepción; Chile
Fil: Olguin, F.. National Tsing Hua University; China