ALMA-IMF. IX. Catalog and Physical Properties of 315 SiO Outflow Candidates in 15 Massive Protoclusters
- Autores
- Towner, A. P. M.; Ginsburg, A.; Della Vedova, Juan Pablo; Gusdorf, A.; Bontemps, Sophie; Csengeri, T.; Galván Madrid, R.; Louvet, F. K.; Motte, F.; Sanhueza, P.; Stutz, A. M.; Bally, J.; Baug, T.; Chen, H. R. V.; Cunningham, N.; Fernandez Lopez, Manuel; Liu, H. L.; Lu, X.; Nony, T.; Valeille Manet, M.; Wu, B.; Álvarez Gutiérrez, R. H.; Bonfand, M.; Di Francesco, J.; Nguyen Luong, Q.; Olguin, F.; Whitworth, A. P.
- Año de publicación
- 2023
- Idioma
- inglés
- Tipo de recurso
- artículo
- Estado
- versión publicada
- Descripción
- We present a catalog of 315 protostellar outflow candidates detected in SiO J = 5 - 4 in the ALMA-IMF Large Program, observed with ~2000 au spatial resolution, 0.339 km s-1 velocity resolution, and 2-12 mJy beam-1 (0.18-0.8 K) sensitivity. We find median outflow masses, momenta, and kinetic energies of ~0.3 M ⊙, 4 M ⊙ km s-1, and 1045 erg, respectively. Median outflow lifetimes are 6000 yr, yielding median mass, momentum, and energy rates of M˙ = 10-4.4 M ⊙ yr-1, P˙ = 10-3.2 M ⊙ km s-1 yr-1, and E˙ = 1 L ⊙. We analyze these outflow properties in the aggregate in each field. We find correlations between field-aggregated SiO outflow properties and total mass in cores (~3σ-5σ), and no correlations above 3σ with clump mass, clump luminosity, or clump luminosity-to-mass ratio. We perform a linear regression analysis and find that the correlation between field-aggregated outflow mass and total clump mass-which has been previously described in the literature-may actually be mediated by the relationship between outflow mass and total mass in cores. We also find that the most massive SiO outflow in each field is typically responsible for only 15%-30% of the total outflow mass (60% upper limit). Our data agree well with the established mechanical force-bolometric luminosity relationship in the literature, and our data extend this relationship up to L ≥ 106 L ⊙ and P˙ ≥ 1 M ⊙ km s-1 yr-1. Our lack of correlation with clump L/M is inconsistent with models of protocluster formation in which all protostars start forming at the same time.
Fil: Towner, A. P. M.. University of Arizona; Estados Unidos
Fil: Ginsburg, A.. University of Florida; Estados Unidos
Fil: Della Vedova, Juan Pablo. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Université PSL; Francia
Fil: Gusdorf, A.. Sorbonne Université; Francia
Fil: Bontemps, Sophie. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia
Fil: Csengeri, T.. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia
Fil: Galván Madrid, R.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; México
Fil: Louvet, F. K.. Universite Grenoble Alpes; Francia
Fil: Motte, F.. Universite Grenoble Alpes; Francia
Fil: Sanhueza, P.. National Astronomical Observatory of Japan; Japón
Fil: Stutz, A. M.. Universidad de Concepción; Chile
Fil: Bally, J.. University of Colorado; Estados Unidos
Fil: Baug, T.. S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences; India
Fil: Chen, H. R. V.. National Tsing Hua University; China
Fil: Cunningham, N.. Universite Grenoble Alpes; Francia
Fil: Fernandez Lopez, Manuel. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía; Argentina
Fil: Liu, H. L.. Yunnan University; China
Fil: Lu, X.. Chinese Academy of Sciences; República de China
Fil: Nony, T.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; México
Fil: Valeille Manet, M.. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia
Fil: Wu, B.. National Astronomical Observatory of Japan; Japón
Fil: Álvarez Gutiérrez, R. H.. Universidad de Concepción; Chile
Fil: Bonfand, M.. University of Virginia; Estados Unidos
Fil: Di Francesco, J.. National Research Council Of Canada; Canadá
Fil: Nguyen Luong, Q.. The American University of Paris; Francia
Fil: Olguin, F.. National Tsing Hua University; China
Fil: Whitworth, A. P.. Cardiff University; Reino Unido - Materia
-
Protostars
Astrochemistry - Nivel de accesibilidad
- acceso abierto
- Condiciones de uso
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
- Repositorio
- Institución
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
- OAI Identificador
- oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/268058
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ALMA-IMF. IX. Catalog and Physical Properties of 315 SiO Outflow Candidates in 15 Massive ProtoclustersTowner, A. P. M.Ginsburg, A.Della Vedova, Juan PabloGusdorf, A.Bontemps, SophieCsengeri, T.Galván Madrid, R.Louvet, F. K.Motte, F.Sanhueza, P.Stutz, A. M.Bally, J.Baug, T.Chen, H. R. V.Cunningham, N.Fernandez Lopez, ManuelLiu, H. L.Lu, X.Nony, T.Valeille Manet, M.Wu, B.Álvarez Gutiérrez, R. H.Bonfand, M.Di Francesco, J.Nguyen Luong, Q.Olguin, F.Whitworth, A. P.ProtostarsAstrochemistryhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1We present a catalog of 315 protostellar outflow candidates detected in SiO J = 5 - 4 in the ALMA-IMF Large Program, observed with ~2000 au spatial resolution, 0.339 km s-1 velocity resolution, and 2-12 mJy beam-1 (0.18-0.8 K) sensitivity. We find median outflow masses, momenta, and kinetic energies of ~0.3 M ⊙, 4 M ⊙ km s-1, and 1045 erg, respectively. Median outflow lifetimes are 6000 yr, yielding median mass, momentum, and energy rates of M˙ = 10-4.4 M ⊙ yr-1, P˙ = 10-3.2 M ⊙ km s-1 yr-1, and E˙ = 1 L ⊙. We analyze these outflow properties in the aggregate in each field. We find correlations between field-aggregated SiO outflow properties and total mass in cores (~3σ-5σ), and no correlations above 3σ with clump mass, clump luminosity, or clump luminosity-to-mass ratio. We perform a linear regression analysis and find that the correlation between field-aggregated outflow mass and total clump mass-which has been previously described in the literature-may actually be mediated by the relationship between outflow mass and total mass in cores. We also find that the most massive SiO outflow in each field is typically responsible for only 15%-30% of the total outflow mass (60% upper limit). Our data agree well with the established mechanical force-bolometric luminosity relationship in the literature, and our data extend this relationship up to L ≥ 106 L ⊙ and P˙ ≥ 1 M ⊙ km s-1 yr-1. Our lack of correlation with clump L/M is inconsistent with models of protocluster formation in which all protostars start forming at the same time.Fil: Towner, A. P. M.. University of Arizona; Estados UnidosFil: Ginsburg, A.. University of Florida; Estados UnidosFil: Della Vedova, Juan Pablo. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Université PSL; FranciaFil: Gusdorf, A.. Sorbonne Université; FranciaFil: Bontemps, Sophie. Universite de Bordeaux; FranciaFil: Csengeri, T.. Universite de Bordeaux; FranciaFil: Galván Madrid, R.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Louvet, F. K.. Universite Grenoble Alpes; FranciaFil: Motte, F.. Universite Grenoble Alpes; FranciaFil: Sanhueza, P.. National Astronomical Observatory of Japan; JapónFil: Stutz, A. M.. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Bally, J.. University of Colorado; Estados UnidosFil: Baug, T.. S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences; IndiaFil: Chen, H. R. V.. National Tsing Hua University; ChinaFil: Cunningham, N.. Universite Grenoble Alpes; FranciaFil: Fernandez Lopez, Manuel. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía; ArgentinaFil: Liu, H. L.. Yunnan University; ChinaFil: Lu, X.. Chinese Academy of Sciences; República de ChinaFil: Nony, T.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Valeille Manet, M.. Universite de Bordeaux; FranciaFil: Wu, B.. National Astronomical Observatory of Japan; JapónFil: Álvarez Gutiérrez, R. H.. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Bonfand, M.. University of Virginia; Estados UnidosFil: Di Francesco, J.. National Research Council Of Canada; CanadáFil: Nguyen Luong, Q.. The American University of Paris; FranciaFil: Olguin, F.. National Tsing Hua University; ChinaFil: Whitworth, A. P.. Cardiff University; Reino UnidoIOP Publishing2023-12info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/268058Towner, A. P. M.; Ginsburg, A.; Della Vedova, Juan Pablo; Gusdorf, A.; Bontemps, Sophie; et al.; ALMA-IMF. IX. Catalog and Physical Properties of 315 SiO Outflow Candidates in 15 Massive Protoclusters; IOP Publishing; Astrophysical Journal; 960; 1; 12-2023; 1-280004-637XCONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ad0786info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3847/1538-4357/ad0786info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T09:40:14Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/268058instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 09:40:14.763CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
ALMA-IMF. IX. Catalog and Physical Properties of 315 SiO Outflow Candidates in 15 Massive Protoclusters |
title |
ALMA-IMF. IX. Catalog and Physical Properties of 315 SiO Outflow Candidates in 15 Massive Protoclusters |
spellingShingle |
ALMA-IMF. IX. Catalog and Physical Properties of 315 SiO Outflow Candidates in 15 Massive Protoclusters Towner, A. P. M. Protostars Astrochemistry |
title_short |
ALMA-IMF. IX. Catalog and Physical Properties of 315 SiO Outflow Candidates in 15 Massive Protoclusters |
title_full |
ALMA-IMF. IX. Catalog and Physical Properties of 315 SiO Outflow Candidates in 15 Massive Protoclusters |
title_fullStr |
ALMA-IMF. IX. Catalog and Physical Properties of 315 SiO Outflow Candidates in 15 Massive Protoclusters |
title_full_unstemmed |
ALMA-IMF. IX. Catalog and Physical Properties of 315 SiO Outflow Candidates in 15 Massive Protoclusters |
title_sort |
ALMA-IMF. IX. Catalog and Physical Properties of 315 SiO Outflow Candidates in 15 Massive Protoclusters |
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Towner, A. P. M. Ginsburg, A. Della Vedova, Juan Pablo Gusdorf, A. Bontemps, Sophie Csengeri, T. Galván Madrid, R. Louvet, F. K. Motte, F. Sanhueza, P. Stutz, A. M. Bally, J. Baug, T. Chen, H. R. V. Cunningham, N. Fernandez Lopez, Manuel Liu, H. L. Lu, X. Nony, T. Valeille Manet, M. Wu, B. Álvarez Gutiérrez, R. H. Bonfand, M. Di Francesco, J. Nguyen Luong, Q. Olguin, F. Whitworth, A. P. |
author |
Towner, A. P. M. |
author_facet |
Towner, A. P. M. Ginsburg, A. Della Vedova, Juan Pablo Gusdorf, A. Bontemps, Sophie Csengeri, T. Galván Madrid, R. Louvet, F. K. Motte, F. Sanhueza, P. Stutz, A. M. Bally, J. Baug, T. Chen, H. R. V. Cunningham, N. Fernandez Lopez, Manuel Liu, H. L. Lu, X. Nony, T. Valeille Manet, M. Wu, B. Álvarez Gutiérrez, R. H. Bonfand, M. Di Francesco, J. Nguyen Luong, Q. Olguin, F. Whitworth, A. P. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Ginsburg, A. Della Vedova, Juan Pablo Gusdorf, A. Bontemps, Sophie Csengeri, T. Galván Madrid, R. Louvet, F. K. Motte, F. Sanhueza, P. Stutz, A. M. Bally, J. Baug, T. Chen, H. R. V. Cunningham, N. Fernandez Lopez, Manuel Liu, H. L. Lu, X. Nony, T. Valeille Manet, M. Wu, B. Álvarez Gutiérrez, R. H. Bonfand, M. Di Francesco, J. Nguyen Luong, Q. Olguin, F. Whitworth, A. P. |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author |
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Protostars Astrochemistry |
topic |
Protostars Astrochemistry |
purl_subject.fl_str_mv |
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1 |
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv |
We present a catalog of 315 protostellar outflow candidates detected in SiO J = 5 - 4 in the ALMA-IMF Large Program, observed with ~2000 au spatial resolution, 0.339 km s-1 velocity resolution, and 2-12 mJy beam-1 (0.18-0.8 K) sensitivity. We find median outflow masses, momenta, and kinetic energies of ~0.3 M ⊙, 4 M ⊙ km s-1, and 1045 erg, respectively. Median outflow lifetimes are 6000 yr, yielding median mass, momentum, and energy rates of M˙ = 10-4.4 M ⊙ yr-1, P˙ = 10-3.2 M ⊙ km s-1 yr-1, and E˙ = 1 L ⊙. We analyze these outflow properties in the aggregate in each field. We find correlations between field-aggregated SiO outflow properties and total mass in cores (~3σ-5σ), and no correlations above 3σ with clump mass, clump luminosity, or clump luminosity-to-mass ratio. We perform a linear regression analysis and find that the correlation between field-aggregated outflow mass and total clump mass-which has been previously described in the literature-may actually be mediated by the relationship between outflow mass and total mass in cores. We also find that the most massive SiO outflow in each field is typically responsible for only 15%-30% of the total outflow mass (60% upper limit). Our data agree well with the established mechanical force-bolometric luminosity relationship in the literature, and our data extend this relationship up to L ≥ 106 L ⊙ and P˙ ≥ 1 M ⊙ km s-1 yr-1. Our lack of correlation with clump L/M is inconsistent with models of protocluster formation in which all protostars start forming at the same time. Fil: Towner, A. P. M.. University of Arizona; Estados Unidos Fil: Ginsburg, A.. University of Florida; Estados Unidos Fil: Della Vedova, Juan Pablo. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Université PSL; Francia Fil: Gusdorf, A.. Sorbonne Université; Francia Fil: Bontemps, Sophie. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia Fil: Csengeri, T.. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia Fil: Galván Madrid, R.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; México Fil: Louvet, F. K.. Universite Grenoble Alpes; Francia Fil: Motte, F.. Universite Grenoble Alpes; Francia Fil: Sanhueza, P.. National Astronomical Observatory of Japan; Japón Fil: Stutz, A. M.. Universidad de Concepción; Chile Fil: Bally, J.. University of Colorado; Estados Unidos Fil: Baug, T.. S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences; India Fil: Chen, H. R. V.. National Tsing Hua University; China Fil: Cunningham, N.. Universite Grenoble Alpes; Francia Fil: Fernandez Lopez, Manuel. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía; Argentina Fil: Liu, H. L.. Yunnan University; China Fil: Lu, X.. Chinese Academy of Sciences; República de China Fil: Nony, T.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; México Fil: Valeille Manet, M.. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia Fil: Wu, B.. National Astronomical Observatory of Japan; Japón Fil: Álvarez Gutiérrez, R. H.. Universidad de Concepción; Chile Fil: Bonfand, M.. University of Virginia; Estados Unidos Fil: Di Francesco, J.. National Research Council Of Canada; Canadá Fil: Nguyen Luong, Q.. The American University of Paris; Francia Fil: Olguin, F.. National Tsing Hua University; China Fil: Whitworth, A. P.. Cardiff University; Reino Unido |
description |
We present a catalog of 315 protostellar outflow candidates detected in SiO J = 5 - 4 in the ALMA-IMF Large Program, observed with ~2000 au spatial resolution, 0.339 km s-1 velocity resolution, and 2-12 mJy beam-1 (0.18-0.8 K) sensitivity. We find median outflow masses, momenta, and kinetic energies of ~0.3 M ⊙, 4 M ⊙ km s-1, and 1045 erg, respectively. Median outflow lifetimes are 6000 yr, yielding median mass, momentum, and energy rates of M˙ = 10-4.4 M ⊙ yr-1, P˙ = 10-3.2 M ⊙ km s-1 yr-1, and E˙ = 1 L ⊙. We analyze these outflow properties in the aggregate in each field. We find correlations between field-aggregated SiO outflow properties and total mass in cores (~3σ-5σ), and no correlations above 3σ with clump mass, clump luminosity, or clump luminosity-to-mass ratio. We perform a linear regression analysis and find that the correlation between field-aggregated outflow mass and total clump mass-which has been previously described in the literature-may actually be mediated by the relationship between outflow mass and total mass in cores. We also find that the most massive SiO outflow in each field is typically responsible for only 15%-30% of the total outflow mass (60% upper limit). Our data agree well with the established mechanical force-bolometric luminosity relationship in the literature, and our data extend this relationship up to L ≥ 106 L ⊙ and P˙ ≥ 1 M ⊙ km s-1 yr-1. Our lack of correlation with clump L/M is inconsistent with models of protocluster formation in which all protostars start forming at the same time. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-12 |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/268058 Towner, A. P. M.; Ginsburg, A.; Della Vedova, Juan Pablo; Gusdorf, A.; Bontemps, Sophie; et al.; ALMA-IMF. IX. Catalog and Physical Properties of 315 SiO Outflow Candidates in 15 Massive Protoclusters; IOP Publishing; Astrophysical Journal; 960; 1; 12-2023; 1-28 0004-637X CONICET Digital CONICET |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/268058 |
identifier_str_mv |
Towner, A. P. M.; Ginsburg, A.; Della Vedova, Juan Pablo; Gusdorf, A.; Bontemps, Sophie; et al.; ALMA-IMF. IX. Catalog and Physical Properties of 315 SiO Outflow Candidates in 15 Massive Protoclusters; IOP Publishing; Astrophysical Journal; 960; 1; 12-2023; 1-28 0004-637X CONICET Digital CONICET |
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ad0786 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3847/1538-4357/ad0786 |
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/ |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
IOP Publishing |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
IOP Publishing |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET) instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
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CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
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CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
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Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
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CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar |
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13.070432 |