Patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis display impaired Th1 responses and enhanced regulatory T-cell levels in response to an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium...

Autores: Geffner, Laura Judith; Yokobori, Noemí; Basile, Juan Ignacio; Schierloh, Luis Pablo; Balboa, Luciana; Romero, María Mercedes; Ritacco, Gloria Viviana; Vescovo, Marisa; Montaner, Pablo González; Lopez, Beatriz; Barrera, Lucía; Alemán, Mercedes; Abatte, Eduardo; Sasiain, María del Carmen; de la Barrera, Silvia Susana
Año de publicación: 2009
Idioma: inglés
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado: versión publicada
Descripción: In Argentina, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) outbreaks emerged among hospitalized patients with AIDS in the early 1990s and thereafter disseminated to the immunocompetent community. Epidemiological, bacteriological, and genotyping data allowed the identification of certain MDR Mycobacterium tuberculosis outbreak strains, such as the so-called strainMof the Haarlem lineage and strain Ra of the Latin America and Mediterranean lineage. In the current study, we evaluated the immune responses induced by strains M and Ra in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with active MDR-TB or fully drug-susceptible tuberculosis (S-TB) and in purified protein derivative-positive healthy controls (group N). Our results demonstrated that strain M was a weaker gamma interferon (IFN-γ) inducer than H37Rv for group N. Strain M induced the highest interleukin-4 expression in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from MDR- and S-TB patients, along with the lowest cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity in patients and controls. Hence, impairment of CTL activity is a hallmark of strain M and could be an evasion mechanism employed by this strain to avoid the killing of macrophages by M-specific CTL effectors. In addition, MDR-TB patients had an increased proportion of circulating regulatory T cells (Treg cells), and these cells were further expanded upon in vitro M. tuberculosis stimulation. Experimental Treg cell depletion increased IFN-γ expression and CTL activity in TB patients, with M- and Ra-induced CTL responses remaining low in MDR-TB patients. Altogether, these results suggest that immunity to MDR strains might depend upon a balance between the individual host response and the ability of different M. tuberculosis genotypes to drive Th1 or Th2 profiles. Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Fil: Geffner, Laura Judith. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; Argentina
Fil: Yokobori, Noemí. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; Argentina
Fil: Basile, Juan Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; Argentina
Fil: Schierloh, Luis Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; Argentina
Fil: Balboa, Luciana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; Argentina
Fil: Romero, María Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; Argentina
Fil: Ritacco, Gloria Viviana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Dirección Nacional de Institutos de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas; Argentina
Fil: Vescovo, Marisa. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Infecciosas ; Argentina
Fil: Montaner, Pablo González. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Infecciosas ; Argentina
Fil: Lopez, Beatriz. Dirección Nacional de Institutos de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas; Argentina
Fil: Barrera, Lucía. Dirección Nacional de Institutos de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas; Argentina
Fil: Alemán, Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; Argentina
Fil: Abatte, Eduardo. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Infecciosas ; Argentina
Fil: Sasiain, María del Carmen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; Argentina
Fil: de la Barrera, Silvia Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; Argentina
Materia: Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
Mdr Strains
Th1 Response
T Regulatory
Mdr-Tb
Nivel de accesibilidad: acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
Institución: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador: oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/55115

Acceder

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repository_id_str	3498
network_name_str	CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling	Patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis display impaired Th1 responses and enhanced regulatory T-cell levels in response to an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis M and Ra strainsGeffner, Laura JudithYokobori, NoemíBasile, Juan IgnacioSchierloh, Luis PabloBalboa, LucianaRomero, María MercedesRitacco, Gloria VivianaVescovo, MarisaMontaner, Pablo GonzálezLopez, BeatrizBarrera, LucíaAlemán, MercedesAbatte, EduardoSasiain, María del Carmende la Barrera, Silvia SusanaMycobacterium TuberculosisMdr StrainsTh1 ResponseT RegulatoryMdr-Tbhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/3.1https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3In Argentina, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) outbreaks emerged among hospitalized patients with AIDS in the early 1990s and thereafter disseminated to the immunocompetent community. Epidemiological, bacteriological, and genotyping data allowed the identification of certain MDR Mycobacterium tuberculosis outbreak strains, such as the so-called strainMof the Haarlem lineage and strain Ra of the Latin America and Mediterranean lineage. In the current study, we evaluated the immune responses induced by strains M and Ra in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with active MDR-TB or fully drug-susceptible tuberculosis (S-TB) and in purified protein derivative-positive healthy controls (group N). Our results demonstrated that strain M was a weaker gamma interferon (IFN-γ) inducer than H37Rv for group N. Strain M induced the highest interleukin-4 expression in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from MDR- and S-TB patients, along with the lowest cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity in patients and controls. Hence, impairment of CTL activity is a hallmark of strain M and could be an evasion mechanism employed by this strain to avoid the killing of macrophages by M-specific CTL effectors. In addition, MDR-TB patients had an increased proportion of circulating regulatory T cells (Treg cells), and these cells were further expanded upon in vitro M. tuberculosis stimulation. Experimental Treg cell depletion increased IFN-γ expression and CTL activity in TB patients, with M- and Ra-induced CTL responses remaining low in MDR-TB patients. Altogether, these results suggest that immunity to MDR strains might depend upon a balance between the individual host response and the ability of different M. tuberculosis genotypes to drive Th1 or Th2 profiles. Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.Fil: Geffner, Laura Judith. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; ArgentinaFil: Yokobori, Noemí. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; ArgentinaFil: Basile, Juan Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; ArgentinaFil: Schierloh, Luis Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; ArgentinaFil: Balboa, Luciana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; ArgentinaFil: Romero, María Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; ArgentinaFil: Ritacco, Gloria Viviana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Dirección Nacional de Institutos de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas; ArgentinaFil: Vescovo, Marisa. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Infecciosas ; ArgentinaFil: Montaner, Pablo González. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Infecciosas ; ArgentinaFil: Lopez, Beatriz. Dirección Nacional de Institutos de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas; ArgentinaFil: Barrera, Lucía. Dirección Nacional de Institutos de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas; ArgentinaFil: Alemán, Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; ArgentinaFil: Abatte, Eduardo. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Infecciosas ; ArgentinaFil: Sasiain, María del Carmen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; ArgentinaFil: de la Barrera, Silvia Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; ArgentinaAmerican Society for Microbiology2009-11info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/55115Geffner, Laura Judith; Yokobori, Noemí; Basile, Juan Ignacio; Schierloh, Luis Pablo; Balboa, Luciana; et al.; Patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis display impaired Th1 responses and enhanced regulatory T-cell levels in response to an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis M and Ra strains; American Society for Microbiology; Infection and Immunity; 77; 11; 11-2009; 5025-50340019-9567CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1128/IAI.00224-09info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://iai.asm.org/content/77/11/5025info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T09:32:32Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/55115instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 09:32:32.288CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv	Patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis display impaired Th1 responses and enhanced regulatory T-cell levels in response to an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis M and Ra strains
title	Patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis display impaired Th1 responses and enhanced regulatory T-cell levels in response to an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis M and Ra strains
spellingShingle	Patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis display impaired Th1 responses and enhanced regulatory T-cell levels in response to an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis M and Ra strains Geffner, Laura Judith Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Mdr Strains Th1 Response T Regulatory Mdr-Tb
title_short	Patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis display impaired Th1 responses and enhanced regulatory T-cell levels in response to an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis M and Ra strains
title_full	Patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis display impaired Th1 responses and enhanced regulatory T-cell levels in response to an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis M and Ra strains
title_fullStr	Patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis display impaired Th1 responses and enhanced regulatory T-cell levels in response to an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis M and Ra strains
title_full_unstemmed	Patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis display impaired Th1 responses and enhanced regulatory T-cell levels in response to an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis M and Ra strains
title_sort	Patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis display impaired Th1 responses and enhanced regulatory T-cell levels in response to an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis M and Ra strains
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv	Geffner, Laura Judith Yokobori, Noemí Basile, Juan Ignacio Schierloh, Luis Pablo Balboa, Luciana Romero, María Mercedes Ritacco, Gloria Viviana Vescovo, Marisa Montaner, Pablo González Lopez, Beatriz Barrera, Lucía Alemán, Mercedes Abatte, Eduardo Sasiain, María del Carmen de la Barrera, Silvia Susana
author	Geffner, Laura Judith
author_facet	Geffner, Laura Judith Yokobori, Noemí Basile, Juan Ignacio Schierloh, Luis Pablo Balboa, Luciana Romero, María Mercedes Ritacco, Gloria Viviana Vescovo, Marisa Montaner, Pablo González Lopez, Beatriz Barrera, Lucía Alemán, Mercedes Abatte, Eduardo Sasiain, María del Carmen de la Barrera, Silvia Susana
author_role	author
author2	Yokobori, Noemí Basile, Juan Ignacio Schierloh, Luis Pablo Balboa, Luciana Romero, María Mercedes Ritacco, Gloria Viviana Vescovo, Marisa Montaner, Pablo González Lopez, Beatriz Barrera, Lucía Alemán, Mercedes Abatte, Eduardo Sasiain, María del Carmen de la Barrera, Silvia Susana
author2_role	author author author author author author author author author author author author author author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv	Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Mdr Strains Th1 Response T Regulatory Mdr-Tb
topic	Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Mdr Strains Th1 Response T Regulatory Mdr-Tb
purl_subject.fl_str_mv	https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3.1 https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv	In Argentina, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) outbreaks emerged among hospitalized patients with AIDS in the early 1990s and thereafter disseminated to the immunocompetent community. Epidemiological, bacteriological, and genotyping data allowed the identification of certain MDR Mycobacterium tuberculosis outbreak strains, such as the so-called strainMof the Haarlem lineage and strain Ra of the Latin America and Mediterranean lineage. In the current study, we evaluated the immune responses induced by strains M and Ra in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with active MDR-TB or fully drug-susceptible tuberculosis (S-TB) and in purified protein derivative-positive healthy controls (group N). Our results demonstrated that strain M was a weaker gamma interferon (IFN-γ) inducer than H37Rv for group N. Strain M induced the highest interleukin-4 expression in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from MDR- and S-TB patients, along with the lowest cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity in patients and controls. Hence, impairment of CTL activity is a hallmark of strain M and could be an evasion mechanism employed by this strain to avoid the killing of macrophages by M-specific CTL effectors. In addition, MDR-TB patients had an increased proportion of circulating regulatory T cells (Treg cells), and these cells were further expanded upon in vitro M. tuberculosis stimulation. Experimental Treg cell depletion increased IFN-γ expression and CTL activity in TB patients, with M- and Ra-induced CTL responses remaining low in MDR-TB patients. Altogether, these results suggest that immunity to MDR strains might depend upon a balance between the individual host response and the ability of different M. tuberculosis genotypes to drive Th1 or Th2 profiles. Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Fil: Geffner, Laura Judith. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; Argentina Fil: Yokobori, Noemí. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; Argentina Fil: Basile, Juan Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; Argentina Fil: Schierloh, Luis Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; Argentina Fil: Balboa, Luciana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; Argentina Fil: Romero, María Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; Argentina Fil: Ritacco, Gloria Viviana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Dirección Nacional de Institutos de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas; Argentina Fil: Vescovo, Marisa. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Infecciosas ; Argentina Fil: Montaner, Pablo González. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Infecciosas ; Argentina Fil: Lopez, Beatriz. Dirección Nacional de Institutos de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas; Argentina Fil: Barrera, Lucía. Dirección Nacional de Institutos de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas; Argentina Fil: Alemán, Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; Argentina Fil: Abatte, Eduardo. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Infecciosas ; Argentina Fil: Sasiain, María del Carmen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; Argentina Fil: de la Barrera, Silvia Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas ; Argentina
description	In Argentina, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) outbreaks emerged among hospitalized patients with AIDS in the early 1990s and thereafter disseminated to the immunocompetent community. Epidemiological, bacteriological, and genotyping data allowed the identification of certain MDR Mycobacterium tuberculosis outbreak strains, such as the so-called strainMof the Haarlem lineage and strain Ra of the Latin America and Mediterranean lineage. In the current study, we evaluated the immune responses induced by strains M and Ra in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with active MDR-TB or fully drug-susceptible tuberculosis (S-TB) and in purified protein derivative-positive healthy controls (group N). Our results demonstrated that strain M was a weaker gamma interferon (IFN-γ) inducer than H37Rv for group N. Strain M induced the highest interleukin-4 expression in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from MDR- and S-TB patients, along with the lowest cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity in patients and controls. Hence, impairment of CTL activity is a hallmark of strain M and could be an evasion mechanism employed by this strain to avoid the killing of macrophages by M-specific CTL effectors. In addition, MDR-TB patients had an increased proportion of circulating regulatory T cells (Treg cells), and these cells were further expanded upon in vitro M. tuberculosis stimulation. Experimental Treg cell depletion increased IFN-γ expression and CTL activity in TB patients, with M- and Ra-induced CTL responses remaining low in MDR-TB patients. Altogether, these results suggest that immunity to MDR strains might depend upon a balance between the individual host response and the ability of different M. tuberculosis genotypes to drive Th1 or Th2 profiles. Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
publishDate	2009
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv	2009-11
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format	article
status_str	publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv	http://hdl.handle.net/11336/55115 Geffner, Laura Judith; Yokobori, Noemí; Basile, Juan Ignacio; Schierloh, Luis Pablo; Balboa, Luciana; et al.; Patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis display impaired Th1 responses and enhanced regulatory T-cell levels in response to an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis M and Ra strains; American Society for Microbiology; Infection and Immunity; 77; 11; 11-2009; 5025-5034 0019-9567 CONICET Digital CONICET
url	http://hdl.handle.net/11336/55115
identifier_str_mv	Geffner, Laura Judith; Yokobori, Noemí; Basile, Juan Ignacio; Schierloh, Luis Pablo; Balboa, Luciana; et al.; Patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis display impaired Th1 responses and enhanced regulatory T-cell levels in response to an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis M and Ra strains; American Society for Microbiology; Infection and Immunity; 77; 11; 11-2009; 5025-5034 0019-9567 CONICET Digital CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv	eng
language	eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1128/IAI.00224-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://iai.asm.org/content/77/11/5025
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv	openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv	American Society for Microbiology
publisher.none.fl_str_mv	American Society for Microbiology
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv	reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET) instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
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repository.mail.fl_str_mv	dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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Patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis display impaired Th1 responses and enhanced regulatory T-cell levels in response to an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium...

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