Pharmaco-toxicological aspects of thymol in veterinary medicine. A systematic review

Autores
Pérez, Denisa Soledad; Giantin, Mery; Pauletto, Marianna; Dacasto, Mauro
Año de publicación
2025
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Introduction: Thymol, a phenolic compound present in essential oils, has shown promising pharmacological properties and potential veterinary applications. This systematic review aims to evaluate the pharmacological and toxicological eects of thymol on animals. Materials and methods: A comprehensive search following PRISMA 2020 guidelines was conducted across databases including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and LILACS. Various health descriptors, medical subject headings terms, and their synonyms were used to identify studies examining thymol’s eects in animals, including its in vitro, in vivo, and in silico toxicity, as well as its possible environmental impact. Only relevant experimental studies from the last 12 years were included, provided they assessed thymol itself, one of its primary phytoadditive sources, or a blend where thymol was at least as concentrated as other components. The protocol was registered in Open Science Framework (DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/B6SF9). Results: A total of 1.472 records were identified, with 176 meeting inclusion criteria. Studies spanned from 2012 to 2024, indicating that thymol exhibits antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, among others. However, thymol displays dosedependent toxicity, especially at high levels, aecting mainly the liver and kidneys. Discussion: Thymol holds substantial potential as a therapeutic agent in veterinary medicine due to its beneficial eects and relatively low toxicity. Nonetheless, further research is needed to establish safe and eective dosages across dierent animal species.
Fil: Pérez, Denisa Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina
Fil: Giantin, Mery. Università di Padova; Italia
Fil: Pauletto, Marianna. Università di Padova; Italia
Fil: Dacasto, Mauro. Università di Padova; Italia
Materia
THYMOL
PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS
TOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS
VETERINARY APPLICATIONS
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/269605
Acceder
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network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Pharmaco-toxicological aspects of thymol in veterinary medicine. A systematic reviewPérez, Denisa SoledadGiantin, MeryPauletto, MariannaDacasto, MauroTHYMOLPHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTSTOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTSVETERINARY APPLICATIONShttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/4.3https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4Introduction: Thymol, a phenolic compound present in essential oils, has shown promising pharmacological properties and potential veterinary applications. This systematic review aims to evaluate the pharmacological and toxicological eects of thymol on animals. Materials and methods: A comprehensive search following PRISMA 2020 guidelines was conducted across databases including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and LILACS. Various health descriptors, medical subject headings terms, and their synonyms were used to identify studies examining thymol’s eects in animals, including its in vitro, in vivo, and in silico toxicity, as well as its possible environmental impact. Only relevant experimental studies from the last 12 years were included, provided they assessed thymol itself, one of its primary phytoadditive sources, or a blend where thymol was at least as concentrated as other components. The protocol was registered in Open Science Framework (DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/B6SF9). Results: A total of 1.472 records were identified, with 176 meeting inclusion criteria. Studies spanned from 2012 to 2024, indicating that thymol exhibits antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, among others. However, thymol displays dosedependent toxicity, especially at high levels, aecting mainly the liver and kidneys. Discussion: Thymol holds substantial potential as a therapeutic agent in veterinary medicine due to its beneficial eects and relatively low toxicity. Nonetheless, further research is needed to establish safe and eective dosages across dierent animal species.Fil: Pérez, Denisa Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Giantin, Mery. Università di Padova; ItaliaFil: Pauletto, Marianna. Università di Padova; ItaliaFil: Dacasto, Mauro. Università di Padova; ItaliaFrontiers Media2025-08info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/269605Pérez, Denisa Soledad; Giantin, Mery; Pauletto, Marianna; Dacasto, Mauro; Pharmaco-toxicological aspects of thymol in veterinary medicine. A systematic review; Frontiers Media; Frontiers in Veterinary Science; 12; 8-2025; 1-412297-1769CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-science/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1562641/fullinfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3389/fvets.2025.1562641info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-10-15T15:15:25Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/269605instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-10-15 15:15:25.36CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Pharmaco-toxicological aspects of thymol in veterinary medicine. A systematic review
title Pharmaco-toxicological aspects of thymol in veterinary medicine. A systematic review
spellingShingle Pharmaco-toxicological aspects of thymol in veterinary medicine. A systematic review
Pérez, Denisa Soledad
THYMOL
PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS
TOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS
VETERINARY APPLICATIONS
title_short Pharmaco-toxicological aspects of thymol in veterinary medicine. A systematic review
title_full Pharmaco-toxicological aspects of thymol in veterinary medicine. A systematic review
title_fullStr Pharmaco-toxicological aspects of thymol in veterinary medicine. A systematic review
title_full_unstemmed Pharmaco-toxicological aspects of thymol in veterinary medicine. A systematic review
title_sort Pharmaco-toxicological aspects of thymol in veterinary medicine. A systematic review
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Pérez, Denisa Soledad
Giantin, Mery
Pauletto, Marianna
Dacasto, Mauro
author Pérez, Denisa Soledad
author_facet Pérez, Denisa Soledad
Giantin, Mery
Pauletto, Marianna
Dacasto, Mauro
author_role author
author2 Giantin, Mery
Pauletto, Marianna
Dacasto, Mauro
author2_role author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv THYMOL
PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS
TOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS
VETERINARY APPLICATIONS
topic THYMOL
PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS
TOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS
VETERINARY APPLICATIONS
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4.3
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Introduction: Thymol, a phenolic compound present in essential oils, has shown promising pharmacological properties and potential veterinary applications. This systematic review aims to evaluate the pharmacological and toxicological eects of thymol on animals. Materials and methods: A comprehensive search following PRISMA 2020 guidelines was conducted across databases including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and LILACS. Various health descriptors, medical subject headings terms, and their synonyms were used to identify studies examining thymol’s eects in animals, including its in vitro, in vivo, and in silico toxicity, as well as its possible environmental impact. Only relevant experimental studies from the last 12 years were included, provided they assessed thymol itself, one of its primary phytoadditive sources, or a blend where thymol was at least as concentrated as other components. The protocol was registered in Open Science Framework (DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/B6SF9). Results: A total of 1.472 records were identified, with 176 meeting inclusion criteria. Studies spanned from 2012 to 2024, indicating that thymol exhibits antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, among others. However, thymol displays dosedependent toxicity, especially at high levels, aecting mainly the liver and kidneys. Discussion: Thymol holds substantial potential as a therapeutic agent in veterinary medicine due to its beneficial eects and relatively low toxicity. Nonetheless, further research is needed to establish safe and eective dosages across dierent animal species.
Fil: Pérez, Denisa Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina
Fil: Giantin, Mery. Università di Padova; Italia
Fil: Pauletto, Marianna. Università di Padova; Italia
Fil: Dacasto, Mauro. Università di Padova; Italia
description Introduction: Thymol, a phenolic compound present in essential oils, has shown promising pharmacological properties and potential veterinary applications. This systematic review aims to evaluate the pharmacological and toxicological eects of thymol on animals. Materials and methods: A comprehensive search following PRISMA 2020 guidelines was conducted across databases including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and LILACS. Various health descriptors, medical subject headings terms, and their synonyms were used to identify studies examining thymol’s eects in animals, including its in vitro, in vivo, and in silico toxicity, as well as its possible environmental impact. Only relevant experimental studies from the last 12 years were included, provided they assessed thymol itself, one of its primary phytoadditive sources, or a blend where thymol was at least as concentrated as other components. The protocol was registered in Open Science Framework (DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/B6SF9). Results: A total of 1.472 records were identified, with 176 meeting inclusion criteria. Studies spanned from 2012 to 2024, indicating that thymol exhibits antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, among others. However, thymol displays dosedependent toxicity, especially at high levels, aecting mainly the liver and kidneys. Discussion: Thymol holds substantial potential as a therapeutic agent in veterinary medicine due to its beneficial eects and relatively low toxicity. Nonetheless, further research is needed to establish safe and eective dosages across dierent animal species.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025-08
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/269605
Pérez, Denisa Soledad; Giantin, Mery; Pauletto, Marianna; Dacasto, Mauro; Pharmaco-toxicological aspects of thymol in veterinary medicine. A systematic review; Frontiers Media; Frontiers in Veterinary Science; 12; 8-2025; 1-41
2297-1769
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/269605
identifier_str_mv Pérez, Denisa Soledad; Giantin, Mery; Pauletto, Marianna; Dacasto, Mauro; Pharmaco-toxicological aspects of thymol in veterinary medicine. A systematic review; Frontiers Media; Frontiers in Veterinary Science; 12; 8-2025; 1-41
2297-1769
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-science/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1562641/full
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3389/fvets.2025.1562641
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers Media
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers Media
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
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instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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