The digestive adaptation of flying vertebrates: High intestinal paracellular absorption compensates for smaller guts
- Autores
- Caviedes Vidal, Enrique Juan Raul; McWhorter, Todd J.; Lavin, Shana R.; Chediack, Juan Gabriel; Tracy, Christopher R.; Karasov, William
- Año de publicación
- 2007
- Idioma
- inglés
- Tipo de recurso
- artículo
- Estado
- versión publicada
- Descripción
- Anecdotal evidence suggests that birds have smaller intestines than mammals. In the present analysis, we show that small birds and bats have significantly shorter small intestines and less small intestine nominal (smooth bore tube) surface area than similarly sized nonflying mammals. The corresponding >50% reduction in intestinal volume and hence mass of digesta carried is advantageous because the energetic costs of flight increase with load carried. But, a central dilemma is how birds and bats satisfy relatively high energy needs with less absorptive surface area. Here, we further show that an enhanced paracellular pathway for intestinal absorption of water-soluble nutrients such as glucose and amino acids may compensate for reduced small intestines in volant vertebrates. The evidence is that L-rhamnose and other similarly sized, metabolically inert, nonactively transported monosaccharides are absorbed significantly more in small birds and bats than in nonflying mammals. To broaden our comparison and test the veracity of our finding we surveyed the literature for other similar studies of paracellular absorption. The patterns found in our focal species held up when we included other species surveyed in our analysis. Significantly greater amplification of digestive surface area by villi in small birds, also uncovered by our analysis, may provide one mechanistic explanation for the observation of higher paracellular absorption relative to nonflying mammals. It appears that reduced intestinal size and relatively enhanced intestinal paracellular absorption can be added to the suite of adaptations that have evolved in actively flying vertebrates.
Fil: Caviedes Vidal, Enrique Juan Raul. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis; Argentina
Fil: McWhorter, Todd J.. Murdoch University; Australia. University of Wisconsin; Estados Unidos
Fil: Lavin, Shana R.. University of Wisconsin; Estados Unidos
Fil: Chediack, Juan Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis; Argentina
Fil: Tracy, Christopher R.. Charles Darwin University; Australia. Ben Gurion University of the Negev; Israel. University of Wisconsin; Estados Unidos
Fil: Karasov, William. University of Wisconsin; Estados Unidos - Materia
-
DIGESTION
GUT MORPHOMETRICS
NUTRIENT ABSORPTION
PARACELLULAR UPTAKE - Nivel de accesibilidad
- acceso abierto
- Condiciones de uso
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
- Repositorio
- Institución
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
- OAI Identificador
- oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/138668
Ver los metadatos del registro completo
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CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
spelling |
The digestive adaptation of flying vertebrates: High intestinal paracellular absorption compensates for smaller gutsCaviedes Vidal, Enrique Juan RaulMcWhorter, Todd J.Lavin, Shana R.Chediack, Juan GabrielTracy, Christopher R.Karasov, WilliamDIGESTIONGUT MORPHOMETRICSNUTRIENT ABSORPTIONPARACELLULAR UPTAKEhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Anecdotal evidence suggests that birds have smaller intestines than mammals. In the present analysis, we show that small birds and bats have significantly shorter small intestines and less small intestine nominal (smooth bore tube) surface area than similarly sized nonflying mammals. The corresponding >50% reduction in intestinal volume and hence mass of digesta carried is advantageous because the energetic costs of flight increase with load carried. But, a central dilemma is how birds and bats satisfy relatively high energy needs with less absorptive surface area. Here, we further show that an enhanced paracellular pathway for intestinal absorption of water-soluble nutrients such as glucose and amino acids may compensate for reduced small intestines in volant vertebrates. The evidence is that L-rhamnose and other similarly sized, metabolically inert, nonactively transported monosaccharides are absorbed significantly more in small birds and bats than in nonflying mammals. To broaden our comparison and test the veracity of our finding we surveyed the literature for other similar studies of paracellular absorption. The patterns found in our focal species held up when we included other species surveyed in our analysis. Significantly greater amplification of digestive surface area by villi in small birds, also uncovered by our analysis, may provide one mechanistic explanation for the observation of higher paracellular absorption relative to nonflying mammals. It appears that reduced intestinal size and relatively enhanced intestinal paracellular absorption can be added to the suite of adaptations that have evolved in actively flying vertebrates.Fil: Caviedes Vidal, Enrique Juan Raul. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: McWhorter, Todd J.. Murdoch University; Australia. University of Wisconsin; Estados UnidosFil: Lavin, Shana R.. University of Wisconsin; Estados UnidosFil: Chediack, Juan Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Tracy, Christopher R.. Charles Darwin University; Australia. Ben Gurion University of the Negev; Israel. University of Wisconsin; Estados UnidosFil: Karasov, William. University of Wisconsin; Estados UnidosNational Academy of Sciences2007-11-27info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/138668Caviedes Vidal, Enrique Juan Raul; McWhorter, Todd J.; Lavin, Shana R.; Chediack, Juan Gabriel; Tracy, Christopher R.; et al.; The digestive adaptation of flying vertebrates: High intestinal paracellular absorption compensates for smaller guts; National Academy of Sciences; Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of The United States of America; 104; 48; 27-11-2007; 19132-191370027-84241091-6490CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.pnas.org/content/104/48/19132info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1073/pnas.0703159104info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T10:47:56Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/138668instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 10:47:56.712CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
The digestive adaptation of flying vertebrates: High intestinal paracellular absorption compensates for smaller guts |
title |
The digestive adaptation of flying vertebrates: High intestinal paracellular absorption compensates for smaller guts |
spellingShingle |
The digestive adaptation of flying vertebrates: High intestinal paracellular absorption compensates for smaller guts Caviedes Vidal, Enrique Juan Raul DIGESTION GUT MORPHOMETRICS NUTRIENT ABSORPTION PARACELLULAR UPTAKE |
title_short |
The digestive adaptation of flying vertebrates: High intestinal paracellular absorption compensates for smaller guts |
title_full |
The digestive adaptation of flying vertebrates: High intestinal paracellular absorption compensates for smaller guts |
title_fullStr |
The digestive adaptation of flying vertebrates: High intestinal paracellular absorption compensates for smaller guts |
title_full_unstemmed |
The digestive adaptation of flying vertebrates: High intestinal paracellular absorption compensates for smaller guts |
title_sort |
The digestive adaptation of flying vertebrates: High intestinal paracellular absorption compensates for smaller guts |
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Caviedes Vidal, Enrique Juan Raul McWhorter, Todd J. Lavin, Shana R. Chediack, Juan Gabriel Tracy, Christopher R. Karasov, William |
author |
Caviedes Vidal, Enrique Juan Raul |
author_facet |
Caviedes Vidal, Enrique Juan Raul McWhorter, Todd J. Lavin, Shana R. Chediack, Juan Gabriel Tracy, Christopher R. Karasov, William |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
McWhorter, Todd J. Lavin, Shana R. Chediack, Juan Gabriel Tracy, Christopher R. Karasov, William |
author2_role |
author author author author author |
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
DIGESTION GUT MORPHOMETRICS NUTRIENT ABSORPTION PARACELLULAR UPTAKE |
topic |
DIGESTION GUT MORPHOMETRICS NUTRIENT ABSORPTION PARACELLULAR UPTAKE |
purl_subject.fl_str_mv |
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1 |
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv |
Anecdotal evidence suggests that birds have smaller intestines than mammals. In the present analysis, we show that small birds and bats have significantly shorter small intestines and less small intestine nominal (smooth bore tube) surface area than similarly sized nonflying mammals. The corresponding >50% reduction in intestinal volume and hence mass of digesta carried is advantageous because the energetic costs of flight increase with load carried. But, a central dilemma is how birds and bats satisfy relatively high energy needs with less absorptive surface area. Here, we further show that an enhanced paracellular pathway for intestinal absorption of water-soluble nutrients such as glucose and amino acids may compensate for reduced small intestines in volant vertebrates. The evidence is that L-rhamnose and other similarly sized, metabolically inert, nonactively transported monosaccharides are absorbed significantly more in small birds and bats than in nonflying mammals. To broaden our comparison and test the veracity of our finding we surveyed the literature for other similar studies of paracellular absorption. The patterns found in our focal species held up when we included other species surveyed in our analysis. Significantly greater amplification of digestive surface area by villi in small birds, also uncovered by our analysis, may provide one mechanistic explanation for the observation of higher paracellular absorption relative to nonflying mammals. It appears that reduced intestinal size and relatively enhanced intestinal paracellular absorption can be added to the suite of adaptations that have evolved in actively flying vertebrates. Fil: Caviedes Vidal, Enrique Juan Raul. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis; Argentina Fil: McWhorter, Todd J.. Murdoch University; Australia. University of Wisconsin; Estados Unidos Fil: Lavin, Shana R.. University of Wisconsin; Estados Unidos Fil: Chediack, Juan Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis; Argentina Fil: Tracy, Christopher R.. Charles Darwin University; Australia. Ben Gurion University of the Negev; Israel. University of Wisconsin; Estados Unidos Fil: Karasov, William. University of Wisconsin; Estados Unidos |
description |
Anecdotal evidence suggests that birds have smaller intestines than mammals. In the present analysis, we show that small birds and bats have significantly shorter small intestines and less small intestine nominal (smooth bore tube) surface area than similarly sized nonflying mammals. The corresponding >50% reduction in intestinal volume and hence mass of digesta carried is advantageous because the energetic costs of flight increase with load carried. But, a central dilemma is how birds and bats satisfy relatively high energy needs with less absorptive surface area. Here, we further show that an enhanced paracellular pathway for intestinal absorption of water-soluble nutrients such as glucose and amino acids may compensate for reduced small intestines in volant vertebrates. The evidence is that L-rhamnose and other similarly sized, metabolically inert, nonactively transported monosaccharides are absorbed significantly more in small birds and bats than in nonflying mammals. To broaden our comparison and test the veracity of our finding we surveyed the literature for other similar studies of paracellular absorption. The patterns found in our focal species held up when we included other species surveyed in our analysis. Significantly greater amplification of digestive surface area by villi in small birds, also uncovered by our analysis, may provide one mechanistic explanation for the observation of higher paracellular absorption relative to nonflying mammals. It appears that reduced intestinal size and relatively enhanced intestinal paracellular absorption can be added to the suite of adaptations that have evolved in actively flying vertebrates. |
publishDate |
2007 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2007-11-27 |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/138668 Caviedes Vidal, Enrique Juan Raul; McWhorter, Todd J.; Lavin, Shana R.; Chediack, Juan Gabriel; Tracy, Christopher R.; et al.; The digestive adaptation of flying vertebrates: High intestinal paracellular absorption compensates for smaller guts; National Academy of Sciences; Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of The United States of America; 104; 48; 27-11-2007; 19132-19137 0027-8424 1091-6490 CONICET Digital CONICET |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/138668 |
identifier_str_mv |
Caviedes Vidal, Enrique Juan Raul; McWhorter, Todd J.; Lavin, Shana R.; Chediack, Juan Gabriel; Tracy, Christopher R.; et al.; The digestive adaptation of flying vertebrates: High intestinal paracellular absorption compensates for smaller guts; National Academy of Sciences; Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of The United States of America; 104; 48; 27-11-2007; 19132-19137 0027-8424 1091-6490 CONICET Digital CONICET |
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.pnas.org/content/104/48/19132 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1073/pnas.0703159104 |
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/ |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
National Academy of Sciences |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
National Academy of Sciences |
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reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET) instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
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CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
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CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
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Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
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CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar |
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13.070432 |