Combination of cloxacillin and essential oil of <i>Melaleuca armillaris</i> as an alternative against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>

Autores
Buldain, Daniel Cornelio; Buchamer, Andrea Verónica; Marchetti, María Laura; Aliverti, Florencia; Bandoni, Arnaldo Luis; Mestorino, Olga Nora
Año de publicación
2018
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
The emergence of resistance to antibiotics has been favored by abuse in the application of antimicrobials in human and animal medicine. Essential oils are a great resource to deal with this crisis. Melaleuca armillaris belongs to the family of Myrtaceae, rich in species with essential oils. Plant extracts has shown antimicrobial activity in many investigations. Cloxacillin (CLOX) is an antibiotic widely used in veterinary medicine against Staphylococcus aureus. Our aim was to assess pharmacodynamic interaction established by combining essential oil of M. armillaris (EO) with CLOX in search of a synergistic effect that maximizes the antibacterial activity against S. aureus. The EO was obtained by steam distillation and its composition was analyzed by a GC-FID-MS. The most abundant components in the EO were 1.8 cineole (72.3%), limonene (7.8%). and a-pinene (6%). We worked with wild type S. aureus strains (n = 3) isolated from Holstein cows, and S. aureus ATCC 29213 as the reference strain. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of CLOX, EO and the combination was determined by microdilution in broth at pH 7.4; 6.5 and 5.0. The checkerboard method was applied to evaluate the interaction between CLOX and EO. The Fractional Inhibitory Concentration index (FIC) was established. From those combinations that yielded the lowest FIC values, we evaluated the index of antibacterial activity (E), established as the difference between the Log10 values of the number of viable bacteria at the initial (nt0) and at the end of the test (nt24). So, time-killing curves with CLOX and EO/CLOX combination at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 fold the MIC in broth at pH 7.4; 6.5 and 5.0 were prepared. We considered Bacteriostatic effect (E = 0) Bactericidal effect (E = -3) and Effect of virtual eradication of bacteria (E = -4). A clear synergic activity between the EO and the CLOX was demonstrated, which allows reducing the MIC of β-lactam against S. aureus. This interaction was favored by acidification of the medium, where lower concentrations of CLOX achieved a bactericidal effect, close to virtual eradication, in the presence of small amounts of EO.
Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias
Materia
Ciencias Veterinarias
Antimicrobial
Cloxacillin
Essential oil
Melaleuca armillaris
MRSA
Resistance
Staphyloccocus aureus
Synergism
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Repositorio
SEDICI (UNLP)
Institución
Universidad Nacional de La Plata
OAI Identificador
oai:sedici.unlp.edu.ar:10915/97763

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oai_identifier_str oai:sedici.unlp.edu.ar:10915/97763
network_acronym_str SEDICI
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network_name_str SEDICI (UNLP)
spelling Combination of cloxacillin and essential oil of <i>Melaleuca armillaris</i> as an alternative against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>Buldain, Daniel CornelioBuchamer, Andrea VerónicaMarchetti, María LauraAliverti, FlorenciaBandoni, Arnaldo LuisMestorino, Olga NoraCiencias VeterinariasAntimicrobialCloxacillinEssential oilMelaleuca armillarisMRSAResistanceStaphyloccocus aureusSynergismThe emergence of resistance to antibiotics has been favored by abuse in the application of antimicrobials in human and animal medicine. Essential oils are a great resource to deal with this crisis. <i>Melaleuca armillaris</i> belongs to the family of Myrtaceae, rich in species with essential oils. Plant extracts has shown antimicrobial activity in many investigations. Cloxacillin (CLOX) is an antibiotic widely used in veterinary medicine against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. Our aim was to assess pharmacodynamic interaction established by combining essential oil of <i>M. armillaris</i> (EO) with CLOX in search of a synergistic effect that maximizes the antibacterial activity against <i>S. aureus</i>. The EO was obtained by steam distillation and its composition was analyzed by a GC-FID-MS. The most abundant components in the EO were 1.8 cineole (72.3%), limonene (7.8%). and a-pinene (6%). We worked with wild type <i>S. aureus</i> strains (n = 3) isolated from Holstein cows, and <i>S. aureus</i> ATCC 29213 as the reference strain. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of CLOX, EO and the combination was determined by microdilution in broth at pH 7.4; 6.5 and 5.0. The checkerboard method was applied to evaluate the interaction between CLOX and EO. The Fractional Inhibitory Concentration index (FIC) was established. From those combinations that yielded the lowest FIC values, we evaluated the index of antibacterial activity (E), established as the difference between the Log<sub>10</sub> values of the number of viable bacteria at the initial (nt<sub>0</sub>) and at the end of the test (nt<sub>24</sub>). So, time-killing curves with CLOX and EO/CLOX combination at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 fold the MIC in broth at pH 7.4; 6.5 and 5.0 were prepared. We considered Bacteriostatic effect (E = 0) Bactericidal effect (E = -3) and Effect of virtual eradication of bacteria (E = -4). A clear synergic activity between the EO and the CLOX was demonstrated, which allows reducing the MIC of β-lactam against <i>S. aureus</i>. This interaction was favored by acidification of the medium, where lower concentrations of CLOX achieved a bactericidal effect, close to virtual eradication, in the presence of small amounts of EO.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias2018-08-02info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionArticulohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdf1-8http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/97763enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://ri.conicet.gov.ar/11336/83944info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fvets.2018.00177/fullinfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/2297-1769info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3389/fvets.2018.00177info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/hdl/11336/83944info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)reponame:SEDICI (UNLP)instname:Universidad Nacional de La Platainstacron:UNLP2025-09-29T11:20:30Zoai:sedici.unlp.edu.ar:10915/97763Institucionalhttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/Universidad públicaNo correspondehttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/oai/snrdalira@sedici.unlp.edu.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:13292025-09-29 11:20:31.034SEDICI (UNLP) - Universidad Nacional de La Platafalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Combination of cloxacillin and essential oil of <i>Melaleuca armillaris</i> as an alternative against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
title Combination of cloxacillin and essential oil of <i>Melaleuca armillaris</i> as an alternative against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
spellingShingle Combination of cloxacillin and essential oil of <i>Melaleuca armillaris</i> as an alternative against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
Buldain, Daniel Cornelio
Ciencias Veterinarias
Antimicrobial
Cloxacillin
Essential oil
Melaleuca armillaris
MRSA
Resistance
Staphyloccocus aureus
Synergism
title_short Combination of cloxacillin and essential oil of <i>Melaleuca armillaris</i> as an alternative against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
title_full Combination of cloxacillin and essential oil of <i>Melaleuca armillaris</i> as an alternative against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
title_fullStr Combination of cloxacillin and essential oil of <i>Melaleuca armillaris</i> as an alternative against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
title_full_unstemmed Combination of cloxacillin and essential oil of <i>Melaleuca armillaris</i> as an alternative against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
title_sort Combination of cloxacillin and essential oil of <i>Melaleuca armillaris</i> as an alternative against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Buldain, Daniel Cornelio
Buchamer, Andrea Verónica
Marchetti, María Laura
Aliverti, Florencia
Bandoni, Arnaldo Luis
Mestorino, Olga Nora
author Buldain, Daniel Cornelio
author_facet Buldain, Daniel Cornelio
Buchamer, Andrea Verónica
Marchetti, María Laura
Aliverti, Florencia
Bandoni, Arnaldo Luis
Mestorino, Olga Nora
author_role author
author2 Buchamer, Andrea Verónica
Marchetti, María Laura
Aliverti, Florencia
Bandoni, Arnaldo Luis
Mestorino, Olga Nora
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Ciencias Veterinarias
Antimicrobial
Cloxacillin
Essential oil
Melaleuca armillaris
MRSA
Resistance
Staphyloccocus aureus
Synergism
topic Ciencias Veterinarias
Antimicrobial
Cloxacillin
Essential oil
Melaleuca armillaris
MRSA
Resistance
Staphyloccocus aureus
Synergism
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv The emergence of resistance to antibiotics has been favored by abuse in the application of antimicrobials in human and animal medicine. Essential oils are a great resource to deal with this crisis. <i>Melaleuca armillaris</i> belongs to the family of Myrtaceae, rich in species with essential oils. Plant extracts has shown antimicrobial activity in many investigations. Cloxacillin (CLOX) is an antibiotic widely used in veterinary medicine against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. Our aim was to assess pharmacodynamic interaction established by combining essential oil of <i>M. armillaris</i> (EO) with CLOX in search of a synergistic effect that maximizes the antibacterial activity against <i>S. aureus</i>. The EO was obtained by steam distillation and its composition was analyzed by a GC-FID-MS. The most abundant components in the EO were 1.8 cineole (72.3%), limonene (7.8%). and a-pinene (6%). We worked with wild type <i>S. aureus</i> strains (n = 3) isolated from Holstein cows, and <i>S. aureus</i> ATCC 29213 as the reference strain. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of CLOX, EO and the combination was determined by microdilution in broth at pH 7.4; 6.5 and 5.0. The checkerboard method was applied to evaluate the interaction between CLOX and EO. The Fractional Inhibitory Concentration index (FIC) was established. From those combinations that yielded the lowest FIC values, we evaluated the index of antibacterial activity (E), established as the difference between the Log<sub>10</sub> values of the number of viable bacteria at the initial (nt<sub>0</sub>) and at the end of the test (nt<sub>24</sub>). So, time-killing curves with CLOX and EO/CLOX combination at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 fold the MIC in broth at pH 7.4; 6.5 and 5.0 were prepared. We considered Bacteriostatic effect (E = 0) Bactericidal effect (E = -3) and Effect of virtual eradication of bacteria (E = -4). A clear synergic activity between the EO and the CLOX was demonstrated, which allows reducing the MIC of β-lactam against <i>S. aureus</i>. This interaction was favored by acidification of the medium, where lower concentrations of CLOX achieved a bactericidal effect, close to virtual eradication, in the presence of small amounts of EO.
Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias
description The emergence of resistance to antibiotics has been favored by abuse in the application of antimicrobials in human and animal medicine. Essential oils are a great resource to deal with this crisis. <i>Melaleuca armillaris</i> belongs to the family of Myrtaceae, rich in species with essential oils. Plant extracts has shown antimicrobial activity in many investigations. Cloxacillin (CLOX) is an antibiotic widely used in veterinary medicine against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. Our aim was to assess pharmacodynamic interaction established by combining essential oil of <i>M. armillaris</i> (EO) with CLOX in search of a synergistic effect that maximizes the antibacterial activity against <i>S. aureus</i>. The EO was obtained by steam distillation and its composition was analyzed by a GC-FID-MS. The most abundant components in the EO were 1.8 cineole (72.3%), limonene (7.8%). and a-pinene (6%). We worked with wild type <i>S. aureus</i> strains (n = 3) isolated from Holstein cows, and <i>S. aureus</i> ATCC 29213 as the reference strain. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of CLOX, EO and the combination was determined by microdilution in broth at pH 7.4; 6.5 and 5.0. The checkerboard method was applied to evaluate the interaction between CLOX and EO. The Fractional Inhibitory Concentration index (FIC) was established. From those combinations that yielded the lowest FIC values, we evaluated the index of antibacterial activity (E), established as the difference between the Log<sub>10</sub> values of the number of viable bacteria at the initial (nt<sub>0</sub>) and at the end of the test (nt<sub>24</sub>). So, time-killing curves with CLOX and EO/CLOX combination at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 fold the MIC in broth at pH 7.4; 6.5 and 5.0 were prepared. We considered Bacteriostatic effect (E = 0) Bactericidal effect (E = -3) and Effect of virtual eradication of bacteria (E = -4). A clear synergic activity between the EO and the CLOX was demonstrated, which allows reducing the MIC of β-lactam against <i>S. aureus</i>. This interaction was favored by acidification of the medium, where lower concentrations of CLOX achieved a bactericidal effect, close to virtual eradication, in the presence of small amounts of EO.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2018-08-02
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dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/97763
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dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://ri.conicet.gov.ar/11336/83944
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fvets.2018.00177/full
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/2297-1769
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3389/fvets.2018.00177
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/hdl/11336/83944
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