Epidemiological, socio-demographic and clinical features of the early phase of the COVID-19 epidemic in Ecuador

Autores
Ortiz Prado, Esteban; Simbaña Rivera, Katherine; Gómez Barreno, Lenin; Diaz, Ana María; Barreto, Alejandra; Moyano, Carla; Arcos, Vannesa; Vásconez González, Eduardo; Paz, Clara; Simbana Guaycha, Fernanda; Molestina Luzuriaga, Martín; Fernández Naranjo, Raúl; Feijoo, Javier Sebastián; Henríquez Trujillo, Aquiles R.; Adana, Lila; López Cortés, Andrés; Fletcher, Isabel K.; Lowe, Rachel
Año de publicación
2021
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
The SARS-CoV-2 virus has spread rapidly around the globe. Nevertheless, there is limited information describing the characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients in Latin America. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 9,468 confirmed COVID-19 cases reported in Ecuador. We calculated overall incidence, mortality, case fatality rates, disability adjusted life years, attack and crude mortality rates, as well as relative risk and relative odds of death, adjusted for age, sex and presence of comorbidities. A total of 9,468 positive COVID-19 cases and 474 deaths were included in the analysis. Men accounted for 55.4% (n = 5, 247) of cases and women for 44.6% (n = 4, 221). We found the presence of comorbidities, being male and older than 65 years were important determinants of mortality. Coastal regions were most affected by COVID-19, with higher mortality rates than the highlands. Fatigue was reported in 53.2% of the patients, followed by headache (43%), dry cough (41.7%), ageusia (37.1%) and anosmia (36.1%). We present an analysis of the burden of COVID-19 in Ecuador. Our findings show that men are at higher risk of dying from COVID-19 than women, and risk increases with age and the presence of comorbidities. We also found that blue-collar workers and the unemployed are at greater risk of dying. These early observations offer clinical insights for the medical community to help improve patient care and for public health officials to strengthen Ecuador's response to the outbreak.
Departamento de Física
Materia
Ciencias Exactas
COVID-19
Latin America
cross-sectional analysis
Ecuador
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Repositorio
SEDICI (UNLP)
Institución
Universidad Nacional de La Plata
OAI Identificador
oai:sedici.unlp.edu.ar:10915/126284

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network_name_str SEDICI (UNLP)
spelling Epidemiological, socio-demographic and clinical features of the early phase of the COVID-19 epidemic in EcuadorOrtiz Prado, EstebanSimbaña Rivera, KatherineGómez Barreno, LeninDiaz, Ana MaríaBarreto, AlejandraMoyano, CarlaArcos, VannesaVásconez González, EduardoPaz, ClaraSimbana Guaycha, FernandaMolestina Luzuriaga, MartínFernández Naranjo, RaúlFeijoo, Javier SebastiánHenríquez Trujillo, Aquiles R.Adana, LilaLópez Cortés, AndrésFletcher, Isabel K.Lowe, RachelCiencias ExactasCOVID-19Latin Americacross-sectional analysisEcuadorThe SARS-CoV-2 virus has spread rapidly around the globe. Nevertheless, there is limited information describing the characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients in Latin America. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 9,468 confirmed COVID-19 cases reported in Ecuador. We calculated overall incidence, mortality, case fatality rates, disability adjusted life years, attack and crude mortality rates, as well as relative risk and relative odds of death, adjusted for age, sex and presence of comorbidities. A total of 9,468 positive COVID-19 cases and 474 deaths were included in the analysis. Men accounted for 55.4% (n = 5, 247) of cases and women for 44.6% (n = 4, 221). We found the presence of comorbidities, being male and older than 65 years were important determinants of mortality. Coastal regions were most affected by COVID-19, with higher mortality rates than the highlands. Fatigue was reported in 53.2% of the patients, followed by headache (43%), dry cough (41.7%), ageusia (37.1%) and anosmia (36.1%). We present an analysis of the burden of COVID-19 in Ecuador. Our findings show that men are at higher risk of dying from COVID-19 than women, and risk increases with age and the presence of comorbidities. We also found that blue-collar workers and the unemployed are at greater risk of dying. These early observations offer clinical insights for the medical community to help improve patient care and for public health officials to strengthen Ecuador's response to the outbreak.Departamento de Física2021-01-04info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionArticulohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfhttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/126284enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0008958info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/1935-2735info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/1935-2727info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/33395425info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008958info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)reponame:SEDICI (UNLP)instname:Universidad Nacional de La Platainstacron:UNLP2025-09-29T11:30:22Zoai:sedici.unlp.edu.ar:10915/126284Institucionalhttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/Universidad públicaNo correspondehttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/oai/snrdalira@sedici.unlp.edu.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:13292025-09-29 11:30:23.182SEDICI (UNLP) - Universidad Nacional de La Platafalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Epidemiological, socio-demographic and clinical features of the early phase of the COVID-19 epidemic in Ecuador
title Epidemiological, socio-demographic and clinical features of the early phase of the COVID-19 epidemic in Ecuador
spellingShingle Epidemiological, socio-demographic and clinical features of the early phase of the COVID-19 epidemic in Ecuador
Ortiz Prado, Esteban
Ciencias Exactas
COVID-19
Latin America
cross-sectional analysis
Ecuador
title_short Epidemiological, socio-demographic and clinical features of the early phase of the COVID-19 epidemic in Ecuador
title_full Epidemiological, socio-demographic and clinical features of the early phase of the COVID-19 epidemic in Ecuador
title_fullStr Epidemiological, socio-demographic and clinical features of the early phase of the COVID-19 epidemic in Ecuador
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiological, socio-demographic and clinical features of the early phase of the COVID-19 epidemic in Ecuador
title_sort Epidemiological, socio-demographic and clinical features of the early phase of the COVID-19 epidemic in Ecuador
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Ortiz Prado, Esteban
Simbaña Rivera, Katherine
Gómez Barreno, Lenin
Diaz, Ana María
Barreto, Alejandra
Moyano, Carla
Arcos, Vannesa
Vásconez González, Eduardo
Paz, Clara
Simbana Guaycha, Fernanda
Molestina Luzuriaga, Martín
Fernández Naranjo, Raúl
Feijoo, Javier Sebastián
Henríquez Trujillo, Aquiles R.
Adana, Lila
López Cortés, Andrés
Fletcher, Isabel K.
Lowe, Rachel
author Ortiz Prado, Esteban
author_facet Ortiz Prado, Esteban
Simbaña Rivera, Katherine
Gómez Barreno, Lenin
Diaz, Ana María
Barreto, Alejandra
Moyano, Carla
Arcos, Vannesa
Vásconez González, Eduardo
Paz, Clara
Simbana Guaycha, Fernanda
Molestina Luzuriaga, Martín
Fernández Naranjo, Raúl
Feijoo, Javier Sebastián
Henríquez Trujillo, Aquiles R.
Adana, Lila
López Cortés, Andrés
Fletcher, Isabel K.
Lowe, Rachel
author_role author
author2 Simbaña Rivera, Katherine
Gómez Barreno, Lenin
Diaz, Ana María
Barreto, Alejandra
Moyano, Carla
Arcos, Vannesa
Vásconez González, Eduardo
Paz, Clara
Simbana Guaycha, Fernanda
Molestina Luzuriaga, Martín
Fernández Naranjo, Raúl
Feijoo, Javier Sebastián
Henríquez Trujillo, Aquiles R.
Adana, Lila
López Cortés, Andrés
Fletcher, Isabel K.
Lowe, Rachel
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Ciencias Exactas
COVID-19
Latin America
cross-sectional analysis
Ecuador
topic Ciencias Exactas
COVID-19
Latin America
cross-sectional analysis
Ecuador
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv The SARS-CoV-2 virus has spread rapidly around the globe. Nevertheless, there is limited information describing the characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients in Latin America. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 9,468 confirmed COVID-19 cases reported in Ecuador. We calculated overall incidence, mortality, case fatality rates, disability adjusted life years, attack and crude mortality rates, as well as relative risk and relative odds of death, adjusted for age, sex and presence of comorbidities. A total of 9,468 positive COVID-19 cases and 474 deaths were included in the analysis. Men accounted for 55.4% (n = 5, 247) of cases and women for 44.6% (n = 4, 221). We found the presence of comorbidities, being male and older than 65 years were important determinants of mortality. Coastal regions were most affected by COVID-19, with higher mortality rates than the highlands. Fatigue was reported in 53.2% of the patients, followed by headache (43%), dry cough (41.7%), ageusia (37.1%) and anosmia (36.1%). We present an analysis of the burden of COVID-19 in Ecuador. Our findings show that men are at higher risk of dying from COVID-19 than women, and risk increases with age and the presence of comorbidities. We also found that blue-collar workers and the unemployed are at greater risk of dying. These early observations offer clinical insights for the medical community to help improve patient care and for public health officials to strengthen Ecuador's response to the outbreak.
Departamento de Física
description The SARS-CoV-2 virus has spread rapidly around the globe. Nevertheless, there is limited information describing the characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients in Latin America. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 9,468 confirmed COVID-19 cases reported in Ecuador. We calculated overall incidence, mortality, case fatality rates, disability adjusted life years, attack and crude mortality rates, as well as relative risk and relative odds of death, adjusted for age, sex and presence of comorbidities. A total of 9,468 positive COVID-19 cases and 474 deaths were included in the analysis. Men accounted for 55.4% (n = 5, 247) of cases and women for 44.6% (n = 4, 221). We found the presence of comorbidities, being male and older than 65 years were important determinants of mortality. Coastal regions were most affected by COVID-19, with higher mortality rates than the highlands. Fatigue was reported in 53.2% of the patients, followed by headache (43%), dry cough (41.7%), ageusia (37.1%) and anosmia (36.1%). We present an analysis of the burden of COVID-19 in Ecuador. Our findings show that men are at higher risk of dying from COVID-19 than women, and risk increases with age and the presence of comorbidities. We also found that blue-collar workers and the unemployed are at greater risk of dying. These early observations offer clinical insights for the medical community to help improve patient care and for public health officials to strengthen Ecuador's response to the outbreak.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021-01-04
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dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/126284
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info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/1935-2727
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/33395425
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008958
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
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