Analysis of variation for apomictic reproduction in diploid Paspalum rufum

• Autores: Delgado, Luciana; Galdeano, Florencia; Sartor, María Esperanza; Quarín, Camilo León; Espinoza, Francisco; Ortiz, Juan Pablo Amelio
• Año de publicación: 2014
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Fuente: Annals of Botany, 2014, vol. 113, no. 7, p. 1211–1218.
• Materia: Apomixis; diploid genotype; Paspalum rufum; Poaceae; reproduction; seed development; plant mating systems
• Institución: Universidad Nacional del Nordeste

Fil: Delgado, Luciana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina.
Fil: Delgado, Luciana. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina.
Fil: Galdeano, Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina.
Fil: Galdeano, Florencia. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina.
Fil: Sartor, María Esperanza. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina.
Fil: Sartor, María Esperanza. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina.
Fil: Quarín, Camilo León. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina.
Fil: Quarín, Camilo León. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina.
Fil: Espinoza, Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina.
Fil: Espinoza, Francisco. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina.
Fil: Ortiz, Juan Pablo Amelio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina.
Fil: Ortiz, Juan Pablo Amelio. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina.
Background and Aims: The diploid cytotype of Paspalum rufum (Poaceae) reproduces sexually and is self-sterile; however, recurrent autopolyploidization through 2n + n fertilization and the ability for reproduction via apomixis have been documented in one genotype of the species. The objectives of this work were to analyse the variation in the functionality of apomixis components in diploid genotypes of P. rufum and to identify individuals with contrasting reproductive behaviours. Methods: Samples of five individuals from each of three natural populations of P. rufum (designated R2, R5 and R6) were used. Seeds were obtained after open pollination, selfing, conspecific interploidy crosses and interspecific interploidy self-pollination induction. The reproductive behaviour of each plant was determined by using the flow cytometric seed screen (FCSS) method. Embryo sacs were cleared using a series of ethanol and methyl salicylate solutions and observed microscopically. Key Results: In open pollination, all genotypes formed seeds by sexual means and no evidence of apomeiotic reproduction was detected. However, in conspecific interploidy crosses and interspecific interploidy self-pollination induction, variations in the reproductive pathways were observed. While all plants from populations R2 and R6 formed seeds exclusively by sexual means, three genotypes from the R5 population developed seeds from both meiotic and aposporous embryo sacs, and one of them (R5#49) through the complete apomictic pathway (apospory + parthenogenesis + pseudogamy). Cytoembryological observations revealed the presence of both meiotic and aposporous embryo sacs in all the genotypes analysed, suggesting that parthenogenesis could be uncoupled from apospory in some genotypes. Conclusions: The results presented demonstrate the existence of variation in the functionality of apomixis components in natural diploid genotypes of P. rufum and have identified individuals with contrasting reproductive behaviours. Genotypes identified here can be crossed to generate segregating populations in order to study apomixis determinants at the diploid level. Moreover, analysis of their expression patterns, quantification of their transcript levels and an understanding of their regulation mechanisms could help to design new strategies for recreating apomixis in a diploid genome environment.