Leaf structure and ultrastructure changes induced by heat stress and drought during seed fi lling in fi eld-grown soybean and their relationship with grain yield

• Autores: Carrera, Constanza Soledad; Solís, Stella Maris; Ferrucci, María Silvia; Vega, Claudia R. C.; Galati, Beatriz Gloria; Ergo, Verónica; Andrade Adaniya, Fernando H.; Lazcano, Hernán Ramiro
• Año de publicación: 2021
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Fuente: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 2021, vol. 93, no. 4, p. 1-27.
• Materia: Episodes of high temperatures; Late reproductive development; Leaf morpho-anatomy; Leaf photosynthetic performance; Seed number and weight; Water deficit
• Institución: Universidad Nacional del Nordeste

Fil: Carrera, Constanza Soledad. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentina.
Fil: Carrera, Constanza Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.
Fil: Solís, Stella Maris. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura; Argentina.
Fil: Solís, Stella Maris. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.
Fil: Ferrucci, María Silvia. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura; Argentina.
Fil: Ferrucci, María Silvia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.
Fil: Vega, Claudia R. C. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Estación Experimental Manfredi; Argentina.
Fil: Galati, Beatriz Gloria. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina.
Fil: Ergo, Verónica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.
Fil: Andrade Adaniya, Fernando H. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina.
Fil: Andrade Adaniya, Fernando H. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.
Fil: Lazcano, Hernán Ramiro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.
Fil: Lazcano, Hernán Ramiro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentina.
Fil: Lazcano, Hernán Ramiro. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.
Studies focusing on terminal drought combined with heat impacts on plants of agronomic value remain scarce, and even less under fi eld conditions. The objective of this study was to investigate leaf structural and ultrastructural changes induced by heat stress (HS) and drought stress (DS) during seed fi lling and their relationship with physiological variables and yield determination. Two soybean cultivars were grown in fi eld conditions. During seed fi lling four treatments were applied, including a control (without manipulation, at ambient temperature and fi eld capacity), HS (episodes exceeding 32°C for 6 h d-1) during 21-d, DS (20% of fi eld capacity soil water content) during 35-d, and HS×DS. Drought principally reduced leaf area, whereas heat decreased leaf thickness, possible as acclimation strategies, but also irreversible reducing CO2 assimilation sites. Both stresses damaged the outer and inner membranes of chloroplasts, causing swollen chloroplasts and accumulation of plastoglobules, loss of chlorophyll content, and negatively affecting chlorophyll fl uorescence. Thus, the performance and integrity of the photosynthetic machinery were reduced. Through a morpho-functional perspective and a holistic multiscale approach, our results provide evidence of photosynthesis impairment and yield drops under stressful conditions which were associated with structural and ultrastructural (particularly at the level of chloroplasts) modifi cations of leaves.