Neosporosis in Argentina: Past, present and future perspectives

• Autores: Campero, Lucia Maria; Basso, W.; More, Gastón; Fiorani, Franco; Hecker, Yanina; Echaide, Ignacio Eduardo; Canton, German Jose; Cirone, Karina Mariela; Campero, Carlos Manuel; Venturini, M.C.; Moore, Prando Dadin
• Año de publicación: 2023
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Fuente: Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports 41 : 100882 (June 2023)
• Materia: Neospora Caninum; Ganado Bovino; Perro; Argentina; Cattle; Dogs; Fauna
• Institución: Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria

Neosporosis, caused by the protozoan Neospora caninum, was first diagnosed in Argentinean cattle in the 90's. With a national bovine stock of approximately 53 million head, the cattle industry is socially and economically relevant. Severe economic losses have been estimated at US$ 33 and 12 million annually in dairy and beef cattle, respectively. Approximately 9% of bovine abortions in the Buenos Aires province are caused by N. caninum. In 2001, the first isolation of N. caninum oocysts from feces of a naturally infected dog was performed in Argentina and named as NC-6 Argentina. Further strains were isolated from cattle (NC-Argentina LP1, NC-Argentina LP2) and axis deer (Axis axis, NC-Axis). Epidemiological studies revealed a high distribution of Neospora-infections not only in dairy but also in beef cattle, with seroprevalence rates of 16.6–88.8% and 0–73%, respectively. Several experimental infection studies in cattle have been carried out, as well as attempts to develop effective vaccines to avoid Neospora-abortions and transmission. However, no vaccine has proven successful for its use in daily practice. Reduction of seroprevalence, vertical transmission and Neospora-related abortions have been achieved in dairy farms by the use of selective breeding strategies and embryo transfer. Neospora-infections have been also detected in goats, sheep, deer, water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) and gray foxes (Lycalopex griseus). Moreover, Neospora-related reproductive losses were reported in small ruminants and deer species and could be more frequent than previously thought. Even though diagnostic methods have been improved during the last decades, control of neosporosis is still not optimal. The development of new strategies including new antiprotozoal drugs and vaccines is highly needed. This paper reviews the information from the previous 28 years of research of N. caninum in Argentina, including seroprevalence and epidemiological studies, available diagnostic techniques, experimental reproduction, immunization strategies, isolations and control measures in domestic and non-domestic animals from Argentina.
EEA Balcarce
Fil: Campero, Lucia María. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina.
Fil: Basso, W. University of Bern. Vetsuisse Faculty. Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology. Institute of Parasitology; Suiza.
Fil: Moré, G. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.
Fil: Moré, G. University of Bern. Vetsuisse Faculty. Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology. Institute of Parasitology; Suiza.
Fil: Fiorani, Franco. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina.
Fil: Fiorani, Franco. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina.
Fil: Hecker, Yanina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina.
Fil: Hecker, Yanina.Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Sanidad Animal; España.
Fil: Echaide, Ignacio Eduardo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina
Fil: Cantón, Germán José. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.
Fil: Cirone, Karina M. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.
Fil: Cirone, Karina M. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina.
Fil: Campero, Carlos Manuel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.
Fil: Venturini, M.C. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentina.
Fil: Moore, Prando Dadín. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina.
Fil: Moore, Prando Dadín. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina.