Equine infectious anemia virus worldwide prevalence : A 24-year retrospective review of a global equine health concern with far-reaching implications

Autores
Thieulent, Côme J.; Carossino, Mariano; Reis, Jenner K.P.D.; Vissani, Maria Aldana; Barrandeguy, Maria Edith; Valle-Casuso, José-Carlos; Balasuriya, Udeni B.R.
Año de publicación
2025
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV), the causative agent of Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA), presents a significant threat to equine populations worldwide. While local EIAV prevalence has been estimated in several studies, no global prevalence has been determined. Thus, this study aimed to review the literature on EIAV prevalence in the 21st century. A comprehensive electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, SciELO.org, African Journals Online, and NZresearch.org, yielding 105 articles published between January 1st, 2000, and December 31st, 2024 (spanning 24 years). EIAV prevalence was estimated in 42 countries and is particularly high in Mexico (North America; 27.14 % [95 % CI, 25.11 – 29.17]) and Guatemala (Central America; 15.9 % [95 % CI, 9.66 – 22.14]). While EIAV prevalence in the United States of America (USA) remains low and stable over time, the relatively elevated prevalence in the Southern states, along with their extensive border with Mexico, places these areas at a higher risk. EIAV prevalence estimated per province/state in the USA, Argentina, and Brazil, indicated higher rates in humid and warmer regions. EIAV has a low presence in the Middle East, while the scarcity of epidemiological studies in Africa and Oceania complicates the estimation of EIAV prevalence in these regions. These findings highlight the need for continued intensive surveillance in both high-risk regions and areas lacking data. Given that insect vectors are the primary natural transmission route, global warming may lead to increased vector movement into temperate areas, potentially contributing to a surge in EIAV infections.
Instituto de Virología
Fil: Thieulent, Côme J. Louisiana State University. School of Veterinary Medicine. Department of Pathobiological Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Carossino, Mariano. Louisiana State University. School of Veterinary Medicine. Department of Pathobiological Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Carossino, Mariano. Louisiana State University. School of Veterinary Medicine. Louisiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory; Estados Unidos
Fil: Reis, Jenner K. P. D. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Escola de Veterinaria. Departamento de Medicina Veterinaria Preventiva. Laboratorio de Retroviroses; Brasil
Fil: Vissani, Maria Aldana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas; Argentina
Fil: Vissani, Maria Aldana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Vissani, Maria Aldana. Universidad del Salvador. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinarias. Escuela de Veterinaria; Argentina
Fil: Barrandeguy, Maria Edith. Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA). Estación Experimental La Estanzuela. Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal; Uruguay
Fil: Valle-Casuso, José-Carlos. ANSES Animal Health Laboratory; Francia
Fil: Balasuriya, Udeni B. R. Louisiana State University. School of Veterinary Medicine. Department of Pathobiological Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fuente
Veterinary Microbiology 306 : 110548 (July 2025)
Materia
Equine Infectious Anaemia
Lentivirus
Literature Reviews
Anemia Infecciosa Equina
Estudio Bibliográfico
Prevalence
Prevalencia
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Repositorio
INTA Digital (INTA)
Institución
Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
OAI Identificador
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spelling Equine infectious anemia virus worldwide prevalence : A 24-year retrospective review of a global equine health concern with far-reaching implicationsThieulent, Côme J.Carossino, MarianoReis, Jenner K.P.D.Vissani, Maria AldanaBarrandeguy, Maria EdithValle-Casuso, José-CarlosBalasuriya, Udeni B.R.Equine Infectious AnaemiaLentivirusLiterature ReviewsAnemia Infecciosa EquinaEstudio BibliográficoPrevalencePrevalenciaEquine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV), the causative agent of Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA), presents a significant threat to equine populations worldwide. While local EIAV prevalence has been estimated in several studies, no global prevalence has been determined. Thus, this study aimed to review the literature on EIAV prevalence in the 21st century. A comprehensive electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, SciELO.org, African Journals Online, and NZresearch.org, yielding 105 articles published between January 1st, 2000, and December 31st, 2024 (spanning 24 years). EIAV prevalence was estimated in 42 countries and is particularly high in Mexico (North America; 27.14 % [95 % CI, 25.11 – 29.17]) and Guatemala (Central America; 15.9 % [95 % CI, 9.66 – 22.14]). While EIAV prevalence in the United States of America (USA) remains low and stable over time, the relatively elevated prevalence in the Southern states, along with their extensive border with Mexico, places these areas at a higher risk. EIAV prevalence estimated per province/state in the USA, Argentina, and Brazil, indicated higher rates in humid and warmer regions. EIAV has a low presence in the Middle East, while the scarcity of epidemiological studies in Africa and Oceania complicates the estimation of EIAV prevalence in these regions. These findings highlight the need for continued intensive surveillance in both high-risk regions and areas lacking data. Given that insect vectors are the primary natural transmission route, global warming may lead to increased vector movement into temperate areas, potentially contributing to a surge in EIAV infections.Instituto de VirologíaFil: Thieulent, Côme J. Louisiana State University. School of Veterinary Medicine. Department of Pathobiological Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Carossino, Mariano. Louisiana State University. School of Veterinary Medicine. Department of Pathobiological Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Carossino, Mariano. Louisiana State University. School of Veterinary Medicine. Louisiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Reis, Jenner K. P. D. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Escola de Veterinaria. Departamento de Medicina Veterinaria Preventiva. Laboratorio de Retroviroses; BrasilFil: Vissani, Maria Aldana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Vissani, Maria Aldana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Vissani, Maria Aldana. Universidad del Salvador. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinarias. Escuela de Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Barrandeguy, Maria Edith. Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA). Estación Experimental La Estanzuela. Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal; UruguayFil: Valle-Casuso, José-Carlos. ANSES Animal Health Laboratory; FranciaFil: Balasuriya, Udeni B. R. Louisiana State University. School of Veterinary Medicine. Department of Pathobiological Sciences; Estados UnidosElsevier2025-05-27T13:47:57Z2025-05-27T13:47:57Z2025-07info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/22459https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037811352500183X0378-1135https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110548Veterinary Microbiology 306 : 110548 (July 2025)reponame:INTA Digital (INTA)instname:Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuariaenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)2025-10-16T09:32:18Zoai:localhost:20.500.12123/22459instacron:INTAInstitucionalhttp://repositorio.inta.gob.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://repositorio.inta.gob.ar/oai/requesttripaldi.nicolas@inta.gob.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:l2025-10-16 09:32:19.241INTA Digital (INTA) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuariafalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Equine infectious anemia virus worldwide prevalence : A 24-year retrospective review of a global equine health concern with far-reaching implications
title Equine infectious anemia virus worldwide prevalence : A 24-year retrospective review of a global equine health concern with far-reaching implications
spellingShingle Equine infectious anemia virus worldwide prevalence : A 24-year retrospective review of a global equine health concern with far-reaching implications
Thieulent, Côme J.
Equine Infectious Anaemia
Lentivirus
Literature Reviews
Anemia Infecciosa Equina
Estudio Bibliográfico
Prevalence
Prevalencia
title_short Equine infectious anemia virus worldwide prevalence : A 24-year retrospective review of a global equine health concern with far-reaching implications
title_full Equine infectious anemia virus worldwide prevalence : A 24-year retrospective review of a global equine health concern with far-reaching implications
title_fullStr Equine infectious anemia virus worldwide prevalence : A 24-year retrospective review of a global equine health concern with far-reaching implications
title_full_unstemmed Equine infectious anemia virus worldwide prevalence : A 24-year retrospective review of a global equine health concern with far-reaching implications
title_sort Equine infectious anemia virus worldwide prevalence : A 24-year retrospective review of a global equine health concern with far-reaching implications
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Thieulent, Côme J.
Carossino, Mariano
Reis, Jenner K.P.D.
Vissani, Maria Aldana
Barrandeguy, Maria Edith
Valle-Casuso, José-Carlos
Balasuriya, Udeni B.R.
author Thieulent, Côme J.
author_facet Thieulent, Côme J.
Carossino, Mariano
Reis, Jenner K.P.D.
Vissani, Maria Aldana
Barrandeguy, Maria Edith
Valle-Casuso, José-Carlos
Balasuriya, Udeni B.R.
author_role author
author2 Carossino, Mariano
Reis, Jenner K.P.D.
Vissani, Maria Aldana
Barrandeguy, Maria Edith
Valle-Casuso, José-Carlos
Balasuriya, Udeni B.R.
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Equine Infectious Anaemia
Lentivirus
Literature Reviews
Anemia Infecciosa Equina
Estudio Bibliográfico
Prevalence
Prevalencia
topic Equine Infectious Anaemia
Lentivirus
Literature Reviews
Anemia Infecciosa Equina
Estudio Bibliográfico
Prevalence
Prevalencia
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV), the causative agent of Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA), presents a significant threat to equine populations worldwide. While local EIAV prevalence has been estimated in several studies, no global prevalence has been determined. Thus, this study aimed to review the literature on EIAV prevalence in the 21st century. A comprehensive electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, SciELO.org, African Journals Online, and NZresearch.org, yielding 105 articles published between January 1st, 2000, and December 31st, 2024 (spanning 24 years). EIAV prevalence was estimated in 42 countries and is particularly high in Mexico (North America; 27.14 % [95 % CI, 25.11 – 29.17]) and Guatemala (Central America; 15.9 % [95 % CI, 9.66 – 22.14]). While EIAV prevalence in the United States of America (USA) remains low and stable over time, the relatively elevated prevalence in the Southern states, along with their extensive border with Mexico, places these areas at a higher risk. EIAV prevalence estimated per province/state in the USA, Argentina, and Brazil, indicated higher rates in humid and warmer regions. EIAV has a low presence in the Middle East, while the scarcity of epidemiological studies in Africa and Oceania complicates the estimation of EIAV prevalence in these regions. These findings highlight the need for continued intensive surveillance in both high-risk regions and areas lacking data. Given that insect vectors are the primary natural transmission route, global warming may lead to increased vector movement into temperate areas, potentially contributing to a surge in EIAV infections.
Instituto de Virología
Fil: Thieulent, Côme J. Louisiana State University. School of Veterinary Medicine. Department of Pathobiological Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Carossino, Mariano. Louisiana State University. School of Veterinary Medicine. Department of Pathobiological Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Carossino, Mariano. Louisiana State University. School of Veterinary Medicine. Louisiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory; Estados Unidos
Fil: Reis, Jenner K. P. D. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Escola de Veterinaria. Departamento de Medicina Veterinaria Preventiva. Laboratorio de Retroviroses; Brasil
Fil: Vissani, Maria Aldana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas; Argentina
Fil: Vissani, Maria Aldana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Vissani, Maria Aldana. Universidad del Salvador. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinarias. Escuela de Veterinaria; Argentina
Fil: Barrandeguy, Maria Edith. Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA). Estación Experimental La Estanzuela. Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal; Uruguay
Fil: Valle-Casuso, José-Carlos. ANSES Animal Health Laboratory; Francia
Fil: Balasuriya, Udeni B. R. Louisiana State University. School of Veterinary Medicine. Department of Pathobiological Sciences; Estados Unidos
description Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV), the causative agent of Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA), presents a significant threat to equine populations worldwide. While local EIAV prevalence has been estimated in several studies, no global prevalence has been determined. Thus, this study aimed to review the literature on EIAV prevalence in the 21st century. A comprehensive electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, SciELO.org, African Journals Online, and NZresearch.org, yielding 105 articles published between January 1st, 2000, and December 31st, 2024 (spanning 24 years). EIAV prevalence was estimated in 42 countries and is particularly high in Mexico (North America; 27.14 % [95 % CI, 25.11 – 29.17]) and Guatemala (Central America; 15.9 % [95 % CI, 9.66 – 22.14]). While EIAV prevalence in the United States of America (USA) remains low and stable over time, the relatively elevated prevalence in the Southern states, along with their extensive border with Mexico, places these areas at a higher risk. EIAV prevalence estimated per province/state in the USA, Argentina, and Brazil, indicated higher rates in humid and warmer regions. EIAV has a low presence in the Middle East, while the scarcity of epidemiological studies in Africa and Oceania complicates the estimation of EIAV prevalence in these regions. These findings highlight the need for continued intensive surveillance in both high-risk regions and areas lacking data. Given that insect vectors are the primary natural transmission route, global warming may lead to increased vector movement into temperate areas, potentially contributing to a surge in EIAV infections.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025-05-27T13:47:57Z
2025-05-27T13:47:57Z
2025-07
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
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status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/22459
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037811352500183X
0378-1135
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110548
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/22459
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037811352500183X
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110548
identifier_str_mv 0378-1135
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Veterinary Microbiology 306 : 110548 (July 2025)
reponame:INTA Digital (INTA)
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reponame_str INTA Digital (INTA)
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instname_str Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
repository.name.fl_str_mv INTA Digital (INTA) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
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