Contrasting effects of phosphorus and potassium deficiencies on leaf area development in maize

• Autores: Arias Usandivaras, Luis María; Gutierrez Boem, Flavio Hernán; Salvagiotti, Fernando
• Año de publicación: 2018
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Fuente: Crop Science 58 (5) : 2099-2109 (2018)
• Materia: Maíz; Fósforo; Potasio; Superficie Foliar; Etapas de Desarrollo de la Planta; Maize; Phosphorus; Potassium; Leaf Area; Plant Developmental Stages
• Institución: Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria

Management of P and K in agricultural systems is similar, since both move mainly by diffusion in soil. In maize (Zea mays L.), radiation capture is a consequence primarily of leaf area formation and senescence, but little is known about P and K interaction in determining both variables. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of P, K, and P × K interaction on (i) leaf appearance rate and final leaf number, (ii) individual leaf area, (iii) leaf senescence rate, and (iv) leaf area development in maize. Two field experiments were performed in the 2011–2012 and 2012–2013 growing seasons, under no water and N limitations. Treatments consisted of different levels of P and K fertilization. Differential effects of both nutrients occurred for leaf area formation and senescence. Phosphorus deficiencies decreased average leaf appearance rate by 10% and individual leaf area by 18%, whereas K deficiency reduction of individual leaf area was 14%. Final leaf number did not change under both P and K deficiency. Phosphorus deficiencies decreased leaf senescence rate by 2%, whereas K deficiencies accelerated this process by 12%. As the result of the counteracting processes of expansion and senescence, P deficiency effects on green leaf area index were larger at the beginning of the crop cycle and tended to attenuate after, whereas K deficiencies were more important in later stages. These results may help in modeling the effects of P and K shortage in maize.
EEA Oliveros
Fil: Usandivaras, Luis María Arias. Lares. Consultoría General de Cultivos; Argentina
Fil: Gutiérrez Boem, Flavio Hernán. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Cátedra de Fertilidad y Fertilizantes; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomia. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales; Argentina
Fil: Salvagiotti, Fernando. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Oliveros. Departamento de Agronomía; Argentina