Evaluation of fungicidal action of four products on external fungal biota of grains.

• Autores: Alvarez, Estefanía; Cardoso, Marcelo Leandro; Bartosik, Ricardo Enrique; Castellari, Claudia Carla; De La Torre, Diego; Erreguerena, Ignacio Antonio; Abadia, María Bernadette
• Año de publicación: 2021
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: documento de conferencia
• Fuente: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Controlled Atmosphere and Fumigation in Stored Products. Canadá, 22-27 august de 2021
• Materia: Granos; Fungicidas; Ácido Propiónico; Dióxido de Azufre; Fosfina; Hongos; Grain; Fungicides; Proponic Acid; Sulphur Dioxide; Fosfin; Fungi
• Institución: Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria

Corn, the main crop in Argentina, is normally harvested and stored in silo bags above the safe storage moisture content for 3-6 months, and faces high risk of quality losses. The evaluation of fungicidal/fungistatic products that could potentially be used to protect wet grain stored in silo bags, has not been widely studied. Thus, the objective of this study was to make a preliminary in-vitro comparative evaluation of four different fungicidal treatments in corn: 1) propionic acid (3 L/t); 2) a quaternary ammonium compound (3 L/t, diluted 1:25 with water); 3) sulfur dioxide (initial dose: 15% v/v); 4) phosphine (initial dose: 6.6 g/m3) along with their respective controls (non-treated). In treatments 1 and 2 (liquids) corn was sprayed with the product and then stored in a sterilized glass jar. In treatment 3, sulfur dioxide was injected into a previously sealed glass jar. In treatment 4, glass jars were placed inside a plastic drum of 60 L capacity with two aluminum phosphide tablets (0.2 g phosphine each) and closed. Both liquids and the phosphine treatments had an exposure time of 15 d (at 25 ± 1°C), while in the sulfur dioxide treatment, three exposure times were evaluated (5 min, 5 and 24 h, all at the same temperature). After the various treatments, the fungal biota (molds and yeasts) was evaluated. The results showed that the propionic acid treatment achieved a total control of fungal biota. Treatment with sulfur dioxide showed a reduction of 2-3 log10 (CFU/g DM) compared to non-treated samples. Finally, the quaternary ammonium compound and phosphine treatments only achieved a reduction in the number of colonies of 1 log10 (CFU/g DM). Based on the results of this study, propionic acid seems to be a good solution for improving the storability of wet corn in silo bags. Nevertheless, more information should be generated at laboratory and full scales.
EEA Balcarce
Fil: Alvarez, Estefanía. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina.
Fil: Cardoso, Leandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.
Fil: Bartosik, Ricardo Enrique. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.
Fil: Bartosik, Ricardo Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.
Fil: Castellari, Claudia. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina
Fil: De la Torre, Diego. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.
Fil: Erreguerena, Ignacio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.
Fil: Abadía, María Bernadette. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.