Sulfur Mineralization: A Key Process for Diagnosing Its Deficiency in Wheat

• Autores: Carciocchi, Walter Daniel; Mateos, Julian; Divito, Guillermo; Mateos Inchauspe, Facundo; Sainz Rozas, Hernan Rene
• Año de publicación: 2019
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Fuente: Soil Science Society of America Journal 83 (5) : 1553-1563 (September‐October 2019)
• Materia: Trigo; Mineralización; Azufre; Análisis del Suelo; Deficiencia de Minerales; Wheat; Mineralization; Sylphur; Soil Analysis; Mineral Deficiencies
• Institución: Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria

Core Ideas: A simplified balance was used to calculate apparent S mineralization in wheat. Apparent S mineralization predicted relative wheat grain yield. Sulfate‐S before sowing combined with particulate organic C diagnosed S status. Sulfur mineralization in soil should be considered in diagnostic methods based on soil analysis. Consideration of S mineralization could aid the development of S diagnostic methods in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) but this process has not been investigated under field conditions. The objectives of this study were to evaluate: (i) the use of a simplified S balance to quantify apparent S mineralization (Smin‐app) during the wheat growing cycle, (ii) the relationship between Smin‐app and S mineralization indicators [N mineralized in anaerobic incubation (Nan) and total and particulate organic C (TOC and POC)], and (iii) the reliability of the proposed S mineralization indicators (Nan, TOC, and POC) for diagnosing S availability alone or combined with SO42−–S content at sowing (Sini). Fourteen field experiments were conducted to evaluate grain yield in response to S fertilization. Soil samples were taken before sowing and Sini, Nan, TOC, and POC were determined. Additionally, Smin‐app was calculated in 7 out of 14 experiments through a simplified S balance. The main outcomes were: (i) Smin‐app allowed us to compare S mineralization capacity among soils and was closely related to relative wheat grain yield (R2 = 0.92), (ii) Smin‐app was related to Sini, Nan, TOC, and POC, (iii) POC was the S mineralization indicator that had the best performance for diagnosing S deficiency and its use in combination with Sini allowed for satisfactory diagnosis of S status in wheat via the equation: relative grain yield = 81.5 + (0.19 × Sini) + (1.56 × POC) (Ra2 = 0.66). Sulfur mineralization proved to be an important process for wheat S nutrition.
EEA Balcarce
Fil: Carciochi, Walter D. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.
Fil: Mateos, Julián. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina.
Fil: Divito, Guillermo A. Asociación Argentina de Productores en Siembra Directa; Argentina
Fil: Mateos Inchauspe, Facundo. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina.
Fil: Sainz Rozas, Hernán Rene. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.