Physiological responses and post - stress recovery in field - grown maize exposed to high temperatures at flowering

• Autores: Neiff, Nicolás; Ploschuk, Edmundo Leonardo; Valentinuz, Oscar; Andrade, Fernando Héctor
• Año de publicación: 2019
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Fuente: Australian Journal of Crop Science; Vol.13, no.12; 2053-2061; https://cropj.com/
• Materia: BIOMASS PRODUCTION; CLIMATE CHANGE; HEAT STRESS; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ZEA MAYS
• Institución: Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía

Fil: Neiff, Nicolás. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Departamento de Producción Vegetal. Corrientes, Argentina.
Fil: Ploschuk, Edmundo Leonardo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Producción Vegetal. Cátedra de Cultivos Industriales. Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Fil: Valentinuz, Oscar. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Centro Regional Entre Ríos. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Paraná (EEA Paraná). Paraná, Entre Ríos. Argentina.
Fil: Andrade, Fernando Héctor. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce (EEA Balcarce). Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Heat stress affects physiological traits and biomass production in major crops, including maize. We researched the responses of maximum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), relative cell injury (RCI), stomatal conductance (gs), internal CO2 concentration (Ci), leaf photosynthesis (CER), and crop growth rate (CGR) in two maize cultivars exposed to high temperatures around silking (R1) under field conditions. Temperature regimes (i.e. control and heat) were performed during the pre-silking (–15d R1 to R1) and post-silking (R1+2d to R1+17d) periods. In the heat treatments, polyethylene shelters were used in order to increase daytime temperatures around midday (from 10 A.M. to 2 P.M.) during each period (i.e., pre- and post-silking). In the control treatments, the shelters remained open during the entire growing season. Gas exchange variables, Fv/Fm and relative cell injury (RCI) were measured on ear leaves. CGR was estimated based on biomass samples. CER and Fv/Fm presented maximum reductions at the end of the daytime heating. However, 30 min after the shelters were reopened, Fv/Fm of heated leaves reached values similar to controls, which were closely linked to CER recoveries. RCI was negatively associated with Fv/Fm, and cell injury increased gradually as heating continued. Ci was unaffected by heat treatment, indicating that gs was not the primary cause of CER reduction. Heat stress decreased CGR, and the reduction was positively associated with CER and Fv/Fm in both heating periods. We attempted to scale from cell to crop level and identify some physiological traits that could be helpful in breeding programs for heat stress tolerance.
tbls., grafs.