Little potential of spring wheat genotypes as a strategy to reduce nitrogen leaching in Central Europe

• Autores: Herrera, Juan Manuel; Noulas, Christos; Stamp, Peter; Pellet, Didier
• Año de publicación: 2016
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Fuente: Agronomy; Vol.6, no.2, 29; 1-15; http://www.mdpi.com/
• Materia: LYSIMETERS; FERTILIZER N RECOVERY; N UPTAKE; ROOT; MINIRHIZOTRON
• Institución: Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía

Fil: Herrera, Juan Manuel. Agroscope. Route de Duillier 50, Nyon 1260, Switzerland.
Fil: Herrera, Juan Manuel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales (INBA). Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Fil: Herrera, Juan Manuel. CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales (INBA). Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Fil: Herrera, Juan Manuel. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Universitätstrasse 2, Zürich CH-8092, Switzerland.
Fil: Noulas, Christos. Hellenic Agricultural Organization DEMETER, N.AG.RE.F.-Industrial and Forage Crops Institute, 1, Theophrastou Str. 41335, Larissa 41335, Greece.
Fil: Stamp, Peter. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Universitätstrasse 2, Zürich CH-8092, Switzerland.
Fil: Pellet, Didier. Agroscope. Route de Duillier 50, Nyon 1260, Switzerland.
Nitrogen (N) losses negatively impact groundwater quality. Spring wheat genotypes varying in N-fertilizer recovery were studied (by using lysimeters) for their potential to minimize NO3-N leaching during spring and summer, over a three-year period. Additionally, we examined to what extent root growth and NO³N leaching explain the well-known difference found between apparent and isotopic N recovery. The genotypes were grown under low (2 g m-²) and high (27 g m-² 9) N fertilizer supply. On average, the apparent and isotopic recoveries of N fertilizer by wheat were 43 per cent and 51 per cent, respectively. The three genotypes varied in fertilizer N recovery but not in NO3-N leaching, which only accounted for 15 per cent of the applied N fertilizer. The differences in N uptake, fertilizer N recovery and root growth among the genotypes were not associated with the leached NO3-N because root growth and N uptake were not well synchronized with NO3-N leaching. Already at stem elongation 70 per cent to 98 per cent of the season-long NO3-N leaching had already taken place. Thus, the ability to minimize in-season NO3-N leaching by using spring wheat genotypes with higher fertilizer N recovery was limited because maximum N leaching occurred in the early crop season.