Seed dispersal by wind: towards a conceptual framework of seed abscission and its contribution to long-distance dispersal

Autores
Pazos, Gustavo Enrique; Greene, David F.; Katul, Gabriel; Bertiller, Monica Beatriz; Soons, Merel B.
Año de publicación
2013
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
1. Diaspore abscission determines many aspects of seed dispersal by wind. While there is yet no complete mechanistic framework for understanding abscission by wind, empirical studies to date have suggested that abscission generally (i) occurs above some threshold wind speed and (ii) depends on the drag force generated by the wind. 2. We revisit these findings and formulate two alternative hypotheses for abscission mechanisms based on a simple model of a forced harmonic oscillator: large diaspore displacement [through a maximum deflection threshold, (MDT)] and material fatigue [through a maximum cumulative stress threshold (MCST)]. We use simulations of abscission events based on these hypotheses and experiments on diaspore abscission of three Patagonian grasses and a cosmopolitan herb to test the performance of two abscission functions differing in whether they have a threshold wind speed for abscission. We also quantify the effects of non-random diaspore abscission on dispersal distances using a well-tested model for seed dispersal by wind. 3. Both the MDT and MCST hypotheses appear realistic and indicate that while the instantaneous wind speed determines abscission, the history of wind speeds experienced prior to the detachment from the plant also plays a role. 4. An evaluation of abscission functions against simulated and experimental abscission data shows that while the presence of a threshold wind speed in theory appears unrealistic, in practice a threshold may appear to exist in high-wind-speed environments where all diaspores are blown off the plant before the abscission layer can develop sufficiently to break during lower wind speeds. 5. Under non-random diaspore abscission, high-wind-speed events during otherwise calm periods increase long-distance dispersal (LDD), thereby decreasing differences in dispersal distances between low- and high-wind-speed environments. 6. Synthesis. We formulated two realistic mechanisms of diaspore abscission by applying concepts from materials science: large diaspore displacement and material fatigue. These reveal that the ambient wind speed ‘history’ experienced by a diaspore plays an important role in the timing of abscission and in the distance travelled, without any thresholds, and that the effect of the diaspore–wind interaction on LDD varies between environments with different wind speed regimes.
Fil: Pazos, Gustavo Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentina
Fil: Greene, David F.. Concordia University. Department of Geography, Planning and Environment; Canadá
Fil: Katul, Gabriel. University Of Duke; Estados Unidos
Fil: Bertiller, Monica Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentina
Fil: Soons, Merel B.. Utrecht Univeristy; Países Bajos
Materia
Anemochory
Celc
Model Diaspore Abscission
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/5378

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network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Seed dispersal by wind: towards a conceptual framework of seed abscission and its contribution to long-distance dispersalPazos, Gustavo EnriqueGreene, David F.Katul, GabrielBertiller, Monica BeatrizSoons, Merel B.AnemochoryCelcModel Diaspore Abscissionhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6https://purl.org/becyt/ford/11. Diaspore abscission determines many aspects of seed dispersal by wind. While there is yet no complete mechanistic framework for understanding abscission by wind, empirical studies to date have suggested that abscission generally (i) occurs above some threshold wind speed and (ii) depends on the drag force generated by the wind. 2. We revisit these findings and formulate two alternative hypotheses for abscission mechanisms based on a simple model of a forced harmonic oscillator: large diaspore displacement [through a maximum deflection threshold, (MDT)] and material fatigue [through a maximum cumulative stress threshold (MCST)]. We use simulations of abscission events based on these hypotheses and experiments on diaspore abscission of three Patagonian grasses and a cosmopolitan herb to test the performance of two abscission functions differing in whether they have a threshold wind speed for abscission. We also quantify the effects of non-random diaspore abscission on dispersal distances using a well-tested model for seed dispersal by wind. 3. Both the MDT and MCST hypotheses appear realistic and indicate that while the instantaneous wind speed determines abscission, the history of wind speeds experienced prior to the detachment from the plant also plays a role. 4. An evaluation of abscission functions against simulated and experimental abscission data shows that while the presence of a threshold wind speed in theory appears unrealistic, in practice a threshold may appear to exist in high-wind-speed environments where all diaspores are blown off the plant before the abscission layer can develop sufficiently to break during lower wind speeds. 5. Under non-random diaspore abscission, high-wind-speed events during otherwise calm periods increase long-distance dispersal (LDD), thereby decreasing differences in dispersal distances between low- and high-wind-speed environments. 6. Synthesis. We formulated two realistic mechanisms of diaspore abscission by applying concepts from materials science: large diaspore displacement and material fatigue. These reveal that the ambient wind speed ‘history’ experienced by a diaspore plays an important role in the timing of abscission and in the distance travelled, without any thresholds, and that the effect of the diaspore–wind interaction on LDD varies between environments with different wind speed regimes.Fil: Pazos, Gustavo Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Greene, David F.. Concordia University. Department of Geography, Planning and Environment; CanadáFil: Katul, Gabriel. University Of Duke; Estados UnidosFil: Bertiller, Monica Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Soons, Merel B.. Utrecht Univeristy; Países BajosWiley2013-03info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/5378Pazos, Gustavo Enrique; Greene, David F.; Katul, Gabriel; Bertiller, Monica Beatriz; Soons, Merel B.; Seed dispersal by wind: towards a conceptual framework of seed abscission and its contribution to long-distance dispersal; Wiley; Journal of Ecology; 101; 4; 3-2013; 889-9040022-0477enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1111/1365-2745.12103/abstractinfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1111/1365-2745.12103info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T10:17:02Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/5378instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 10:17:03.305CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Seed dispersal by wind: towards a conceptual framework of seed abscission and its contribution to long-distance dispersal
title Seed dispersal by wind: towards a conceptual framework of seed abscission and its contribution to long-distance dispersal
spellingShingle Seed dispersal by wind: towards a conceptual framework of seed abscission and its contribution to long-distance dispersal
Pazos, Gustavo Enrique
Anemochory
Celc
Model Diaspore Abscission
title_short Seed dispersal by wind: towards a conceptual framework of seed abscission and its contribution to long-distance dispersal
title_full Seed dispersal by wind: towards a conceptual framework of seed abscission and its contribution to long-distance dispersal
title_fullStr Seed dispersal by wind: towards a conceptual framework of seed abscission and its contribution to long-distance dispersal
title_full_unstemmed Seed dispersal by wind: towards a conceptual framework of seed abscission and its contribution to long-distance dispersal
title_sort Seed dispersal by wind: towards a conceptual framework of seed abscission and its contribution to long-distance dispersal
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Pazos, Gustavo Enrique
Greene, David F.
Katul, Gabriel
Bertiller, Monica Beatriz
Soons, Merel B.
author Pazos, Gustavo Enrique
author_facet Pazos, Gustavo Enrique
Greene, David F.
Katul, Gabriel
Bertiller, Monica Beatriz
Soons, Merel B.
author_role author
author2 Greene, David F.
Katul, Gabriel
Bertiller, Monica Beatriz
Soons, Merel B.
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Anemochory
Celc
Model Diaspore Abscission
topic Anemochory
Celc
Model Diaspore Abscission
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv 1. Diaspore abscission determines many aspects of seed dispersal by wind. While there is yet no complete mechanistic framework for understanding abscission by wind, empirical studies to date have suggested that abscission generally (i) occurs above some threshold wind speed and (ii) depends on the drag force generated by the wind. 2. We revisit these findings and formulate two alternative hypotheses for abscission mechanisms based on a simple model of a forced harmonic oscillator: large diaspore displacement [through a maximum deflection threshold, (MDT)] and material fatigue [through a maximum cumulative stress threshold (MCST)]. We use simulations of abscission events based on these hypotheses and experiments on diaspore abscission of three Patagonian grasses and a cosmopolitan herb to test the performance of two abscission functions differing in whether they have a threshold wind speed for abscission. We also quantify the effects of non-random diaspore abscission on dispersal distances using a well-tested model for seed dispersal by wind. 3. Both the MDT and MCST hypotheses appear realistic and indicate that while the instantaneous wind speed determines abscission, the history of wind speeds experienced prior to the detachment from the plant also plays a role. 4. An evaluation of abscission functions against simulated and experimental abscission data shows that while the presence of a threshold wind speed in theory appears unrealistic, in practice a threshold may appear to exist in high-wind-speed environments where all diaspores are blown off the plant before the abscission layer can develop sufficiently to break during lower wind speeds. 5. Under non-random diaspore abscission, high-wind-speed events during otherwise calm periods increase long-distance dispersal (LDD), thereby decreasing differences in dispersal distances between low- and high-wind-speed environments. 6. Synthesis. We formulated two realistic mechanisms of diaspore abscission by applying concepts from materials science: large diaspore displacement and material fatigue. These reveal that the ambient wind speed ‘history’ experienced by a diaspore plays an important role in the timing of abscission and in the distance travelled, without any thresholds, and that the effect of the diaspore–wind interaction on LDD varies between environments with different wind speed regimes.
Fil: Pazos, Gustavo Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentina
Fil: Greene, David F.. Concordia University. Department of Geography, Planning and Environment; Canadá
Fil: Katul, Gabriel. University Of Duke; Estados Unidos
Fil: Bertiller, Monica Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentina
Fil: Soons, Merel B.. Utrecht Univeristy; Países Bajos
description 1. Diaspore abscission determines many aspects of seed dispersal by wind. While there is yet no complete mechanistic framework for understanding abscission by wind, empirical studies to date have suggested that abscission generally (i) occurs above some threshold wind speed and (ii) depends on the drag force generated by the wind. 2. We revisit these findings and formulate two alternative hypotheses for abscission mechanisms based on a simple model of a forced harmonic oscillator: large diaspore displacement [through a maximum deflection threshold, (MDT)] and material fatigue [through a maximum cumulative stress threshold (MCST)]. We use simulations of abscission events based on these hypotheses and experiments on diaspore abscission of three Patagonian grasses and a cosmopolitan herb to test the performance of two abscission functions differing in whether they have a threshold wind speed for abscission. We also quantify the effects of non-random diaspore abscission on dispersal distances using a well-tested model for seed dispersal by wind. 3. Both the MDT and MCST hypotheses appear realistic and indicate that while the instantaneous wind speed determines abscission, the history of wind speeds experienced prior to the detachment from the plant also plays a role. 4. An evaluation of abscission functions against simulated and experimental abscission data shows that while the presence of a threshold wind speed in theory appears unrealistic, in practice a threshold may appear to exist in high-wind-speed environments where all diaspores are blown off the plant before the abscission layer can develop sufficiently to break during lower wind speeds. 5. Under non-random diaspore abscission, high-wind-speed events during otherwise calm periods increase long-distance dispersal (LDD), thereby decreasing differences in dispersal distances between low- and high-wind-speed environments. 6. Synthesis. We formulated two realistic mechanisms of diaspore abscission by applying concepts from materials science: large diaspore displacement and material fatigue. These reveal that the ambient wind speed ‘history’ experienced by a diaspore plays an important role in the timing of abscission and in the distance travelled, without any thresholds, and that the effect of the diaspore–wind interaction on LDD varies between environments with different wind speed regimes.
publishDate 2013
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2013-03
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/5378
Pazos, Gustavo Enrique; Greene, David F.; Katul, Gabriel; Bertiller, Monica Beatriz; Soons, Merel B.; Seed dispersal by wind: towards a conceptual framework of seed abscission and its contribution to long-distance dispersal; Wiley; Journal of Ecology; 101; 4; 3-2013; 889-904
0022-0477
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/5378
identifier_str_mv Pazos, Gustavo Enrique; Greene, David F.; Katul, Gabriel; Bertiller, Monica Beatriz; Soons, Merel B.; Seed dispersal by wind: towards a conceptual framework of seed abscission and its contribution to long-distance dispersal; Wiley; Journal of Ecology; 101; 4; 3-2013; 889-904
0022-0477
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1111/1365-2745.12103/abstract
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1111/1365-2745.12103
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Wiley
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Wiley
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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