A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values

Autores
Brunini, Claudio Antonio; Conte, Juan Federico; Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier; Bilitza, Dieter
Año de publicación
2013
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
The height, hmF2, and the electron density, NmF2, of the F2 peak are key model parameters to characterize the actual state of the ionosphere. These parameters, or alternatively the propagation factor, M3000F2, and the critical frequency, foF2, of the F2 peak, which are related to hmF2 and NmF2, are used to anchor the electron density vertical profile computed with different models such as the International Reference Ionosphere (Bilitza, 2002), as well as for radio propagation forecast purposes. Long time series of these parameters only exist in an inhomogeneous distribution of points over the surface of Earth, where dedicated instruments (typically ionosondes) have been working for many years. A commonly used procedure for representing median values of the aforementioned parameters all over the globe is the one recommended by the ITU-R (ITU-R, 1997). This procedure, known as the Jones and Gallet mapping technique, was based on ionosondes measurements gathered from 1954 to 1958 by a global network of around 150 ionospheric stations (Jones and Gallet, 1962; Jones and Obitts, 1970). Even though several decades have passed since the development of that innovative work, only few efforts have been dedicated to establish a new mapping technique for computing hmF2 and NmF2 median values at global scale or to improve the old method using the increased observational database. Therefore, in this work three different procedures to describe the daily and global behavior of the height of the F2 peak are presented. All of them represent a different and simplified method to estimate hmF2 and are based on different mathematical expressions. The advantages and disadvantages of these three techniques are analyzed, leading to the conclusion that the recommended procedure to represent hmF2 is best characterized by a Spherical Harmonics expansion of degree and order equal to 15, since the differences between the hmF2 values obtained with the Jones and Gallet technique and those obtained using the abovementioned procedure are of only 1%. 2013 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Fil: Brunini, Claudio Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Grupo de Geodesia Espacial y Aeronomia; Argentina
Fil: Conte, Juan Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Grupo de Geodesia Espacial y Aeronomia; Argentina
Fil: Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Grupo de Geodesia Espacial y Aeronomia; Argentina
Fil: Bilitza, Dieter. National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Estados Unidos
Materia
Hmf2
Electron Density Profile
Itu-R Database
Ionosphere
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/22171

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oai_identifier_str oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/22171
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network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling A different method to update monthly median hmF2 valuesBrunini, Claudio AntonioConte, Juan FedericoAzpilicueta, Francisco JavierBilitza, DieterHmf2Electron Density ProfileItu-R DatabaseIonospherehttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1The height, hmF2, and the electron density, NmF2, of the F2 peak are key model parameters to characterize the actual state of the ionosphere. These parameters, or alternatively the propagation factor, M3000F2, and the critical frequency, foF2, of the F2 peak, which are related to hmF2 and NmF2, are used to anchor the electron density vertical profile computed with different models such as the International Reference Ionosphere (Bilitza, 2002), as well as for radio propagation forecast purposes. Long time series of these parameters only exist in an inhomogeneous distribution of points over the surface of Earth, where dedicated instruments (typically ionosondes) have been working for many years. A commonly used procedure for representing median values of the aforementioned parameters all over the globe is the one recommended by the ITU-R (ITU-R, 1997). This procedure, known as the Jones and Gallet mapping technique, was based on ionosondes measurements gathered from 1954 to 1958 by a global network of around 150 ionospheric stations (Jones and Gallet, 1962; Jones and Obitts, 1970). Even though several decades have passed since the development of that innovative work, only few efforts have been dedicated to establish a new mapping technique for computing hmF2 and NmF2 median values at global scale or to improve the old method using the increased observational database. Therefore, in this work three different procedures to describe the daily and global behavior of the height of the F2 peak are presented. All of them represent a different and simplified method to estimate hmF2 and are based on different mathematical expressions. The advantages and disadvantages of these three techniques are analyzed, leading to the conclusion that the recommended procedure to represent hmF2 is best characterized by a Spherical Harmonics expansion of degree and order equal to 15, since the differences between the hmF2 values obtained with the Jones and Gallet technique and those obtained using the abovementioned procedure are of only 1%. 2013 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Fil: Brunini, Claudio Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Grupo de Geodesia Espacial y Aeronomia; ArgentinaFil: Conte, Juan Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Grupo de Geodesia Espacial y Aeronomia; ArgentinaFil: Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Grupo de Geodesia Espacial y Aeronomia; ArgentinaFil: Bilitza, Dieter. National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Estados UnidosElsevier2013-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/22171Brunini, Claudio Antonio; Conte, Juan Federico; Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier; Bilitza, Dieter; A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values; Elsevier; Advances in Space Research; 51; 12; 1-2013; 2322-23320273-1177CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0273117713000495info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.asr.2013.01.027info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T10:13:02Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/22171instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 10:13:02.77CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values
title A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values
spellingShingle A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values
Brunini, Claudio Antonio
Hmf2
Electron Density Profile
Itu-R Database
Ionosphere
title_short A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values
title_full A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values
title_fullStr A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values
title_full_unstemmed A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values
title_sort A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Brunini, Claudio Antonio
Conte, Juan Federico
Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier
Bilitza, Dieter
author Brunini, Claudio Antonio
author_facet Brunini, Claudio Antonio
Conte, Juan Federico
Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier
Bilitza, Dieter
author_role author
author2 Conte, Juan Federico
Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier
Bilitza, Dieter
author2_role author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Hmf2
Electron Density Profile
Itu-R Database
Ionosphere
topic Hmf2
Electron Density Profile
Itu-R Database
Ionosphere
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv The height, hmF2, and the electron density, NmF2, of the F2 peak are key model parameters to characterize the actual state of the ionosphere. These parameters, or alternatively the propagation factor, M3000F2, and the critical frequency, foF2, of the F2 peak, which are related to hmF2 and NmF2, are used to anchor the electron density vertical profile computed with different models such as the International Reference Ionosphere (Bilitza, 2002), as well as for radio propagation forecast purposes. Long time series of these parameters only exist in an inhomogeneous distribution of points over the surface of Earth, where dedicated instruments (typically ionosondes) have been working for many years. A commonly used procedure for representing median values of the aforementioned parameters all over the globe is the one recommended by the ITU-R (ITU-R, 1997). This procedure, known as the Jones and Gallet mapping technique, was based on ionosondes measurements gathered from 1954 to 1958 by a global network of around 150 ionospheric stations (Jones and Gallet, 1962; Jones and Obitts, 1970). Even though several decades have passed since the development of that innovative work, only few efforts have been dedicated to establish a new mapping technique for computing hmF2 and NmF2 median values at global scale or to improve the old method using the increased observational database. Therefore, in this work three different procedures to describe the daily and global behavior of the height of the F2 peak are presented. All of them represent a different and simplified method to estimate hmF2 and are based on different mathematical expressions. The advantages and disadvantages of these three techniques are analyzed, leading to the conclusion that the recommended procedure to represent hmF2 is best characterized by a Spherical Harmonics expansion of degree and order equal to 15, since the differences between the hmF2 values obtained with the Jones and Gallet technique and those obtained using the abovementioned procedure are of only 1%. 2013 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Fil: Brunini, Claudio Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Grupo de Geodesia Espacial y Aeronomia; Argentina
Fil: Conte, Juan Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Grupo de Geodesia Espacial y Aeronomia; Argentina
Fil: Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Grupo de Geodesia Espacial y Aeronomia; Argentina
Fil: Bilitza, Dieter. National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Estados Unidos
description The height, hmF2, and the electron density, NmF2, of the F2 peak are key model parameters to characterize the actual state of the ionosphere. These parameters, or alternatively the propagation factor, M3000F2, and the critical frequency, foF2, of the F2 peak, which are related to hmF2 and NmF2, are used to anchor the electron density vertical profile computed with different models such as the International Reference Ionosphere (Bilitza, 2002), as well as for radio propagation forecast purposes. Long time series of these parameters only exist in an inhomogeneous distribution of points over the surface of Earth, where dedicated instruments (typically ionosondes) have been working for many years. A commonly used procedure for representing median values of the aforementioned parameters all over the globe is the one recommended by the ITU-R (ITU-R, 1997). This procedure, known as the Jones and Gallet mapping technique, was based on ionosondes measurements gathered from 1954 to 1958 by a global network of around 150 ionospheric stations (Jones and Gallet, 1962; Jones and Obitts, 1970). Even though several decades have passed since the development of that innovative work, only few efforts have been dedicated to establish a new mapping technique for computing hmF2 and NmF2 median values at global scale or to improve the old method using the increased observational database. Therefore, in this work three different procedures to describe the daily and global behavior of the height of the F2 peak are presented. All of them represent a different and simplified method to estimate hmF2 and are based on different mathematical expressions. The advantages and disadvantages of these three techniques are analyzed, leading to the conclusion that the recommended procedure to represent hmF2 is best characterized by a Spherical Harmonics expansion of degree and order equal to 15, since the differences between the hmF2 values obtained with the Jones and Gallet technique and those obtained using the abovementioned procedure are of only 1%. 2013 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
publishDate 2013
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2013-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/22171
Brunini, Claudio Antonio; Conte, Juan Federico; Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier; Bilitza, Dieter; A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values; Elsevier; Advances in Space Research; 51; 12; 1-2013; 2322-2332
0273-1177
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/22171
identifier_str_mv Brunini, Claudio Antonio; Conte, Juan Federico; Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier; Bilitza, Dieter; A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values; Elsevier; Advances in Space Research; 51; 12; 1-2013; 2322-2332
0273-1177
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0273117713000495
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.asr.2013.01.027
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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score 13.070432