A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values
- Autores
- Brunini, Claudio Antonio; Conte, Juan Federico; Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier; Bilitza, Dieter
- Año de publicación
- 2013
- Idioma
- inglés
- Tipo de recurso
- artículo
- Estado
- versión publicada
- Descripción
- The height, hmF2, and the electron density, NmF2, of the F2 peak are key model parameters to characterize the actual state of the ionosphere. These parameters, or alternatively the propagation factor, M3000F2, and the critical frequency, foF2, of the F2 peak, which are related to hmF2 and NmF2, are used to anchor the electron density vertical profile computed with different models such as the International Reference Ionosphere (Bilitza, 2002), as well as for radio propagation forecast purposes. Long time series of these parameters only exist in an inhomogeneous distribution of points over the surface of Earth, where dedicated instruments (typically ionosondes) have been working for many years. A commonly used procedure for representing median values of the aforementioned parameters all over the globe is the one recommended by the ITU-R (ITU-R, 1997). This procedure, known as the Jones and Gallet mapping technique, was based on ionosondes measurements gathered from 1954 to 1958 by a global network of around 150 ionospheric stations (Jones and Gallet, 1962; Jones and Obitts, 1970). Even though several decades have passed since the development of that innovative work, only few efforts have been dedicated to establish a new mapping technique for computing hmF2 and NmF2 median values at global scale or to improve the old method using the increased observational database. Therefore, in this work three different procedures to describe the daily and global behavior of the height of the F2 peak are presented. All of them represent a different and simplified method to estimate hmF2 and are based on different mathematical expressions. The advantages and disadvantages of these three techniques are analyzed, leading to the conclusion that the recommended procedure to represent hmF2 is best characterized by a Spherical Harmonics expansion of degree and order equal to 15, since the differences between the hmF2 values obtained with the Jones and Gallet technique and those obtained using the abovementioned procedure are of only 1%. 2013 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Fil: Brunini, Claudio Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Grupo de Geodesia Espacial y Aeronomia; Argentina
Fil: Conte, Juan Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Grupo de Geodesia Espacial y Aeronomia; Argentina
Fil: Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Grupo de Geodesia Espacial y Aeronomia; Argentina
Fil: Bilitza, Dieter. National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Estados Unidos - Materia
-
Hmf2
Electron Density Profile
Itu-R Database
Ionosphere - Nivel de accesibilidad
- acceso abierto
- Condiciones de uso
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
- Repositorio
- Institución
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
- OAI Identificador
- oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/22171
Ver los metadatos del registro completo
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A different method to update monthly median hmF2 valuesBrunini, Claudio AntonioConte, Juan FedericoAzpilicueta, Francisco JavierBilitza, DieterHmf2Electron Density ProfileItu-R DatabaseIonospherehttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1The height, hmF2, and the electron density, NmF2, of the F2 peak are key model parameters to characterize the actual state of the ionosphere. These parameters, or alternatively the propagation factor, M3000F2, and the critical frequency, foF2, of the F2 peak, which are related to hmF2 and NmF2, are used to anchor the electron density vertical profile computed with different models such as the International Reference Ionosphere (Bilitza, 2002), as well as for radio propagation forecast purposes. Long time series of these parameters only exist in an inhomogeneous distribution of points over the surface of Earth, where dedicated instruments (typically ionosondes) have been working for many years. A commonly used procedure for representing median values of the aforementioned parameters all over the globe is the one recommended by the ITU-R (ITU-R, 1997). This procedure, known as the Jones and Gallet mapping technique, was based on ionosondes measurements gathered from 1954 to 1958 by a global network of around 150 ionospheric stations (Jones and Gallet, 1962; Jones and Obitts, 1970). Even though several decades have passed since the development of that innovative work, only few efforts have been dedicated to establish a new mapping technique for computing hmF2 and NmF2 median values at global scale or to improve the old method using the increased observational database. Therefore, in this work three different procedures to describe the daily and global behavior of the height of the F2 peak are presented. All of them represent a different and simplified method to estimate hmF2 and are based on different mathematical expressions. The advantages and disadvantages of these three techniques are analyzed, leading to the conclusion that the recommended procedure to represent hmF2 is best characterized by a Spherical Harmonics expansion of degree and order equal to 15, since the differences between the hmF2 values obtained with the Jones and Gallet technique and those obtained using the abovementioned procedure are of only 1%. 2013 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Fil: Brunini, Claudio Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Grupo de Geodesia Espacial y Aeronomia; ArgentinaFil: Conte, Juan Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Grupo de Geodesia Espacial y Aeronomia; ArgentinaFil: Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Grupo de Geodesia Espacial y Aeronomia; ArgentinaFil: Bilitza, Dieter. National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Estados UnidosElsevier2013-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/22171Brunini, Claudio Antonio; Conte, Juan Federico; Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier; Bilitza, Dieter; A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values; Elsevier; Advances in Space Research; 51; 12; 1-2013; 2322-23320273-1177CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0273117713000495info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.asr.2013.01.027info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T10:13:02Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/22171instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 10:13:02.77CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values |
title |
A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values |
spellingShingle |
A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values Brunini, Claudio Antonio Hmf2 Electron Density Profile Itu-R Database Ionosphere |
title_short |
A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values |
title_full |
A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values |
title_fullStr |
A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values |
title_full_unstemmed |
A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values |
title_sort |
A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values |
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Brunini, Claudio Antonio Conte, Juan Federico Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier Bilitza, Dieter |
author |
Brunini, Claudio Antonio |
author_facet |
Brunini, Claudio Antonio Conte, Juan Federico Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier Bilitza, Dieter |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Conte, Juan Federico Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier Bilitza, Dieter |
author2_role |
author author author |
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Hmf2 Electron Density Profile Itu-R Database Ionosphere |
topic |
Hmf2 Electron Density Profile Itu-R Database Ionosphere |
purl_subject.fl_str_mv |
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5 https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1 |
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv |
The height, hmF2, and the electron density, NmF2, of the F2 peak are key model parameters to characterize the actual state of the ionosphere. These parameters, or alternatively the propagation factor, M3000F2, and the critical frequency, foF2, of the F2 peak, which are related to hmF2 and NmF2, are used to anchor the electron density vertical profile computed with different models such as the International Reference Ionosphere (Bilitza, 2002), as well as for radio propagation forecast purposes. Long time series of these parameters only exist in an inhomogeneous distribution of points over the surface of Earth, where dedicated instruments (typically ionosondes) have been working for many years. A commonly used procedure for representing median values of the aforementioned parameters all over the globe is the one recommended by the ITU-R (ITU-R, 1997). This procedure, known as the Jones and Gallet mapping technique, was based on ionosondes measurements gathered from 1954 to 1958 by a global network of around 150 ionospheric stations (Jones and Gallet, 1962; Jones and Obitts, 1970). Even though several decades have passed since the development of that innovative work, only few efforts have been dedicated to establish a new mapping technique for computing hmF2 and NmF2 median values at global scale or to improve the old method using the increased observational database. Therefore, in this work three different procedures to describe the daily and global behavior of the height of the F2 peak are presented. All of them represent a different and simplified method to estimate hmF2 and are based on different mathematical expressions. The advantages and disadvantages of these three techniques are analyzed, leading to the conclusion that the recommended procedure to represent hmF2 is best characterized by a Spherical Harmonics expansion of degree and order equal to 15, since the differences between the hmF2 values obtained with the Jones and Gallet technique and those obtained using the abovementioned procedure are of only 1%. 2013 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Fil: Brunini, Claudio Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Grupo de Geodesia Espacial y Aeronomia; Argentina Fil: Conte, Juan Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Grupo de Geodesia Espacial y Aeronomia; Argentina Fil: Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Grupo de Geodesia Espacial y Aeronomia; Argentina Fil: Bilitza, Dieter. National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Estados Unidos |
description |
The height, hmF2, and the electron density, NmF2, of the F2 peak are key model parameters to characterize the actual state of the ionosphere. These parameters, or alternatively the propagation factor, M3000F2, and the critical frequency, foF2, of the F2 peak, which are related to hmF2 and NmF2, are used to anchor the electron density vertical profile computed with different models such as the International Reference Ionosphere (Bilitza, 2002), as well as for radio propagation forecast purposes. Long time series of these parameters only exist in an inhomogeneous distribution of points over the surface of Earth, where dedicated instruments (typically ionosondes) have been working for many years. A commonly used procedure for representing median values of the aforementioned parameters all over the globe is the one recommended by the ITU-R (ITU-R, 1997). This procedure, known as the Jones and Gallet mapping technique, was based on ionosondes measurements gathered from 1954 to 1958 by a global network of around 150 ionospheric stations (Jones and Gallet, 1962; Jones and Obitts, 1970). Even though several decades have passed since the development of that innovative work, only few efforts have been dedicated to establish a new mapping technique for computing hmF2 and NmF2 median values at global scale or to improve the old method using the increased observational database. Therefore, in this work three different procedures to describe the daily and global behavior of the height of the F2 peak are presented. All of them represent a different and simplified method to estimate hmF2 and are based on different mathematical expressions. The advantages and disadvantages of these three techniques are analyzed, leading to the conclusion that the recommended procedure to represent hmF2 is best characterized by a Spherical Harmonics expansion of degree and order equal to 15, since the differences between the hmF2 values obtained with the Jones and Gallet technique and those obtained using the abovementioned procedure are of only 1%. 2013 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
publishDate |
2013 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2013-01 |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/22171 Brunini, Claudio Antonio; Conte, Juan Federico; Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier; Bilitza, Dieter; A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values; Elsevier; Advances in Space Research; 51; 12; 1-2013; 2322-2332 0273-1177 CONICET Digital CONICET |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/22171 |
identifier_str_mv |
Brunini, Claudio Antonio; Conte, Juan Federico; Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier; Bilitza, Dieter; A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values; Elsevier; Advances in Space Research; 51; 12; 1-2013; 2322-2332 0273-1177 CONICET Digital CONICET |
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0273117713000495 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.asr.2013.01.027 |
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/ |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET) instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
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CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
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CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar |
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13.070432 |