Tetrazolium salts and formazan products in Cell Biology: Viability assessment, fluorescence imaging, and labeling perspectives

Autores
Stockert Cossu, Juan Carlos; Horobin, Richard W.; Colombo, Lucas Luis; Blázquez Castro, Alfonso
Año de publicación
2018
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
For many years various tetrazolium salts and their formazan products have been employed in histochemistry and for assessing cell viability. For the latter application, the most widely used are 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), and 5-cyano-2,3-di-(p-tolyl)-tetrazolium chloride (CTC) for viability assays of eukaryotic cells and bacteria, respectively. In these cases, the nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide (NAD(P)H) coenzyme and dehydrogenases from metabolically active cells reduce tetrazolium salts to strongly colored and lipophilic formazan products, which are then quantified by absorbance (MTT) or fluorescence (CTC). More recently, certain sulfonated tetrazolium, which give rise to water-soluble formazans, have also proved useful for cytotoxicity assays. We describe several aspects of the application of tetrazolium salts and formazans in biomedical cell biology research, mainly regarding formazan-based colorimetric assays, cellular reduction of MTT, and localization and fluorescence of the MTT formazan in lipidic cell structures. In addition, some pharmacological and labeling perspectives of these compounds are also described.
Fil: Stockert Cossu, Juan Carlos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo"; Argentina
Fil: Horobin, Richard W.. University of Glasgow; Reino Unido
Fil: Colombo, Lucas Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo"; Argentina
Fil: Blázquez Castro, Alfonso. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; España
Materia
CYTOTOXICITY
FLUORESCENCE IMAGING
FORMAZAN LOCALIZATION
MTT
TETRAZOLIUM SALTS
VIABILITY ASSAYS
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/98879

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spelling Tetrazolium salts and formazan products in Cell Biology: Viability assessment, fluorescence imaging, and labeling perspectivesStockert Cossu, Juan CarlosHorobin, Richard W.Colombo, Lucas LuisBlázquez Castro, AlfonsoCYTOTOXICITYFLUORESCENCE IMAGINGFORMAZAN LOCALIZATIONMTTTETRAZOLIUM SALTSVIABILITY ASSAYShttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/3.1https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3For many years various tetrazolium salts and their formazan products have been employed in histochemistry and for assessing cell viability. For the latter application, the most widely used are 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), and 5-cyano-2,3-di-(p-tolyl)-tetrazolium chloride (CTC) for viability assays of eukaryotic cells and bacteria, respectively. In these cases, the nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide (NAD(P)H) coenzyme and dehydrogenases from metabolically active cells reduce tetrazolium salts to strongly colored and lipophilic formazan products, which are then quantified by absorbance (MTT) or fluorescence (CTC). More recently, certain sulfonated tetrazolium, which give rise to water-soluble formazans, have also proved useful for cytotoxicity assays. We describe several aspects of the application of tetrazolium salts and formazans in biomedical cell biology research, mainly regarding formazan-based colorimetric assays, cellular reduction of MTT, and localization and fluorescence of the MTT formazan in lipidic cell structures. In addition, some pharmacological and labeling perspectives of these compounds are also described.Fil: Stockert Cossu, Juan Carlos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo"; ArgentinaFil: Horobin, Richard W.. University of Glasgow; Reino UnidoFil: Colombo, Lucas Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo"; ArgentinaFil: Blázquez Castro, Alfonso. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; EspañaElsevier Gmbh, Urban & Fischer Verlag2018-04info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/98879Stockert Cossu, Juan Carlos; Horobin, Richard W.; Colombo, Lucas Luis; Blázquez Castro, Alfonso; Tetrazolium salts and formazan products in Cell Biology: Viability assessment, fluorescence imaging, and labeling perspectives; Elsevier Gmbh, Urban & Fischer Verlag; Acta Histochemica; 120; 3; 4-2018; 159-1670065-1281CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.acthis.2018.02.005info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0065128117304749info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T09:37:07Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/98879instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 09:37:07.339CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Tetrazolium salts and formazan products in Cell Biology: Viability assessment, fluorescence imaging, and labeling perspectives
title Tetrazolium salts and formazan products in Cell Biology: Viability assessment, fluorescence imaging, and labeling perspectives
spellingShingle Tetrazolium salts and formazan products in Cell Biology: Viability assessment, fluorescence imaging, and labeling perspectives
Stockert Cossu, Juan Carlos
CYTOTOXICITY
FLUORESCENCE IMAGING
FORMAZAN LOCALIZATION
MTT
TETRAZOLIUM SALTS
VIABILITY ASSAYS
title_short Tetrazolium salts and formazan products in Cell Biology: Viability assessment, fluorescence imaging, and labeling perspectives
title_full Tetrazolium salts and formazan products in Cell Biology: Viability assessment, fluorescence imaging, and labeling perspectives
title_fullStr Tetrazolium salts and formazan products in Cell Biology: Viability assessment, fluorescence imaging, and labeling perspectives
title_full_unstemmed Tetrazolium salts and formazan products in Cell Biology: Viability assessment, fluorescence imaging, and labeling perspectives
title_sort Tetrazolium salts and formazan products in Cell Biology: Viability assessment, fluorescence imaging, and labeling perspectives
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Stockert Cossu, Juan Carlos
Horobin, Richard W.
Colombo, Lucas Luis
Blázquez Castro, Alfonso
author Stockert Cossu, Juan Carlos
author_facet Stockert Cossu, Juan Carlos
Horobin, Richard W.
Colombo, Lucas Luis
Blázquez Castro, Alfonso
author_role author
author2 Horobin, Richard W.
Colombo, Lucas Luis
Blázquez Castro, Alfonso
author2_role author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv CYTOTOXICITY
FLUORESCENCE IMAGING
FORMAZAN LOCALIZATION
MTT
TETRAZOLIUM SALTS
VIABILITY ASSAYS
topic CYTOTOXICITY
FLUORESCENCE IMAGING
FORMAZAN LOCALIZATION
MTT
TETRAZOLIUM SALTS
VIABILITY ASSAYS
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3.1
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv For many years various tetrazolium salts and their formazan products have been employed in histochemistry and for assessing cell viability. For the latter application, the most widely used are 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), and 5-cyano-2,3-di-(p-tolyl)-tetrazolium chloride (CTC) for viability assays of eukaryotic cells and bacteria, respectively. In these cases, the nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide (NAD(P)H) coenzyme and dehydrogenases from metabolically active cells reduce tetrazolium salts to strongly colored and lipophilic formazan products, which are then quantified by absorbance (MTT) or fluorescence (CTC). More recently, certain sulfonated tetrazolium, which give rise to water-soluble formazans, have also proved useful for cytotoxicity assays. We describe several aspects of the application of tetrazolium salts and formazans in biomedical cell biology research, mainly regarding formazan-based colorimetric assays, cellular reduction of MTT, and localization and fluorescence of the MTT formazan in lipidic cell structures. In addition, some pharmacological and labeling perspectives of these compounds are also described.
Fil: Stockert Cossu, Juan Carlos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo"; Argentina
Fil: Horobin, Richard W.. University of Glasgow; Reino Unido
Fil: Colombo, Lucas Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo"; Argentina
Fil: Blázquez Castro, Alfonso. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; España
description For many years various tetrazolium salts and their formazan products have been employed in histochemistry and for assessing cell viability. For the latter application, the most widely used are 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), and 5-cyano-2,3-di-(p-tolyl)-tetrazolium chloride (CTC) for viability assays of eukaryotic cells and bacteria, respectively. In these cases, the nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide (NAD(P)H) coenzyme and dehydrogenases from metabolically active cells reduce tetrazolium salts to strongly colored and lipophilic formazan products, which are then quantified by absorbance (MTT) or fluorescence (CTC). More recently, certain sulfonated tetrazolium, which give rise to water-soluble formazans, have also proved useful for cytotoxicity assays. We describe several aspects of the application of tetrazolium salts and formazans in biomedical cell biology research, mainly regarding formazan-based colorimetric assays, cellular reduction of MTT, and localization and fluorescence of the MTT formazan in lipidic cell structures. In addition, some pharmacological and labeling perspectives of these compounds are also described.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2018-04
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/98879
Stockert Cossu, Juan Carlos; Horobin, Richard W.; Colombo, Lucas Luis; Blázquez Castro, Alfonso; Tetrazolium salts and formazan products in Cell Biology: Viability assessment, fluorescence imaging, and labeling perspectives; Elsevier Gmbh, Urban & Fischer Verlag; Acta Histochemica; 120; 3; 4-2018; 159-167
0065-1281
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/98879
identifier_str_mv Stockert Cossu, Juan Carlos; Horobin, Richard W.; Colombo, Lucas Luis; Blázquez Castro, Alfonso; Tetrazolium salts and formazan products in Cell Biology: Viability assessment, fluorescence imaging, and labeling perspectives; Elsevier Gmbh, Urban & Fischer Verlag; Acta Histochemica; 120; 3; 4-2018; 159-167
0065-1281
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.acthis.2018.02.005
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0065128117304749
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier Gmbh, Urban & Fischer Verlag
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier Gmbh, Urban & Fischer Verlag
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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