Coherence and frequency in the reticular activating system (RAS)

Autores
Garcia Rill, Edgar; Kezunovic, Nebojsa; Hyde, James; Simon, Christen; Beck, Paige; Urbano Suarez, Francisco Jose
Año de publicación
2012
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
This review considers recent evidence showing that cells in the reticular activating system (RAS) exhibit 1) electrical coupling mainly in GABAergic cells, and 2) gamma band activity in virtually all of the cells. Specifically, cells in the mesopontine pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN), intralaminar parafascicular nucleus (Pf), and pontine dorsal subcoeruleus nucleus dorsalis (SubCD) 1) show electrical coupling, and 2) all fire in the beta/gamma band range when maximally activated, but no higher. The mechanism behind electrical coupling is important because the stimulant modafinil was shown to increase electrical coupling. We also provide recent findings demonstrating that all cells in the PPN and Pf have high threshold, voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channels that are essential to gamma band activity. On the other hand, all SubCD, and some PPN, cells manifested sodium-dependent subthreshold oscillations. A novel mechanism for sleep-wake control based on transmitter interactions, electrical coupling, and gamma band activity is described. We speculate that continuous sensory input will modulate coupling and induce gamma band activity in the RAS that could participate in the processes of preconscious awareness, and provide the essential stream of information for the formulation of many of our actions.
Fil: Garcia Rill, Edgar. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Kezunovic, Nebojsa. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Hyde, James. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Simon, Christen. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Beck, Paige. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Urbano Suarez, Francisco Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias; Argentina
Materia
Arousal
Calcium Channels
Gamma Band
Gap Junctions
Modafinil
Subthreshold Oscillations
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/20363
Acceder
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oai_identifier_str oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/20363
network_acronym_str CONICETDig
repository_id_str 3498
network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Coherence and frequency in the reticular activating system (RAS)Garcia Rill, EdgarKezunovic, NebojsaHyde, JamesSimon, ChristenBeck, PaigeUrbano Suarez, Francisco JoseArousalCalcium ChannelsGamma BandGap JunctionsModafinilSubthreshold Oscillationshttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/3.1https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3This review considers recent evidence showing that cells in the reticular activating system (RAS) exhibit 1) electrical coupling mainly in GABAergic cells, and 2) gamma band activity in virtually all of the cells. Specifically, cells in the mesopontine pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN), intralaminar parafascicular nucleus (Pf), and pontine dorsal subcoeruleus nucleus dorsalis (SubCD) 1) show electrical coupling, and 2) all fire in the beta/gamma band range when maximally activated, but no higher. The mechanism behind electrical coupling is important because the stimulant modafinil was shown to increase electrical coupling. We also provide recent findings demonstrating that all cells in the PPN and Pf have high threshold, voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channels that are essential to gamma band activity. On the other hand, all SubCD, and some PPN, cells manifested sodium-dependent subthreshold oscillations. A novel mechanism for sleep-wake control based on transmitter interactions, electrical coupling, and gamma band activity is described. We speculate that continuous sensory input will modulate coupling and induce gamma band activity in the RAS that could participate in the processes of preconscious awareness, and provide the essential stream of information for the formulation of many of our actions.Fil: Garcia Rill, Edgar. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Kezunovic, Nebojsa. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Hyde, James. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Simon, Christen. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Beck, Paige. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Urbano Suarez, Francisco Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias; ArgentinaElsevier2012-10info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/20363Garcia Rill, Edgar; Kezunovic, Nebojsa; Hyde, James; Simon, Christen; Beck, Paige; et al.; Coherence and frequency in the reticular activating system (RAS); Elsevier; Sleep Medicine Reviews; 17; 3; 10-2012; 227-2381087-0792CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.smrv.2012.06.002info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S108707921200072Xinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T09:36:08Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/20363instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 09:36:08.917CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Coherence and frequency in the reticular activating system (RAS)
title Coherence and frequency in the reticular activating system (RAS)
spellingShingle Coherence and frequency in the reticular activating system (RAS)
Garcia Rill, Edgar
Arousal
Calcium Channels
Gamma Band
Gap Junctions
Modafinil
Subthreshold Oscillations
title_short Coherence and frequency in the reticular activating system (RAS)
title_full Coherence and frequency in the reticular activating system (RAS)
title_fullStr Coherence and frequency in the reticular activating system (RAS)
title_full_unstemmed Coherence and frequency in the reticular activating system (RAS)
title_sort Coherence and frequency in the reticular activating system (RAS)
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Garcia Rill, Edgar
Kezunovic, Nebojsa
Hyde, James
Simon, Christen
Beck, Paige
Urbano Suarez, Francisco Jose
author Garcia Rill, Edgar
author_facet Garcia Rill, Edgar
Kezunovic, Nebojsa
Hyde, James
Simon, Christen
Beck, Paige
Urbano Suarez, Francisco Jose
author_role author
author2 Kezunovic, Nebojsa
Hyde, James
Simon, Christen
Beck, Paige
Urbano Suarez, Francisco Jose
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Arousal
Calcium Channels
Gamma Band
Gap Junctions
Modafinil
Subthreshold Oscillations
topic Arousal
Calcium Channels
Gamma Band
Gap Junctions
Modafinil
Subthreshold Oscillations
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3.1
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv This review considers recent evidence showing that cells in the reticular activating system (RAS) exhibit 1) electrical coupling mainly in GABAergic cells, and 2) gamma band activity in virtually all of the cells. Specifically, cells in the mesopontine pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN), intralaminar parafascicular nucleus (Pf), and pontine dorsal subcoeruleus nucleus dorsalis (SubCD) 1) show electrical coupling, and 2) all fire in the beta/gamma band range when maximally activated, but no higher. The mechanism behind electrical coupling is important because the stimulant modafinil was shown to increase electrical coupling. We also provide recent findings demonstrating that all cells in the PPN and Pf have high threshold, voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channels that are essential to gamma band activity. On the other hand, all SubCD, and some PPN, cells manifested sodium-dependent subthreshold oscillations. A novel mechanism for sleep-wake control based on transmitter interactions, electrical coupling, and gamma band activity is described. We speculate that continuous sensory input will modulate coupling and induce gamma band activity in the RAS that could participate in the processes of preconscious awareness, and provide the essential stream of information for the formulation of many of our actions.
Fil: Garcia Rill, Edgar. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Kezunovic, Nebojsa. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Hyde, James. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Simon, Christen. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Beck, Paige. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Urbano Suarez, Francisco Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias; Argentina
description This review considers recent evidence showing that cells in the reticular activating system (RAS) exhibit 1) electrical coupling mainly in GABAergic cells, and 2) gamma band activity in virtually all of the cells. Specifically, cells in the mesopontine pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN), intralaminar parafascicular nucleus (Pf), and pontine dorsal subcoeruleus nucleus dorsalis (SubCD) 1) show electrical coupling, and 2) all fire in the beta/gamma band range when maximally activated, but no higher. The mechanism behind electrical coupling is important because the stimulant modafinil was shown to increase electrical coupling. We also provide recent findings demonstrating that all cells in the PPN and Pf have high threshold, voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channels that are essential to gamma band activity. On the other hand, all SubCD, and some PPN, cells manifested sodium-dependent subthreshold oscillations. A novel mechanism for sleep-wake control based on transmitter interactions, electrical coupling, and gamma band activity is described. We speculate that continuous sensory input will modulate coupling and induce gamma band activity in the RAS that could participate in the processes of preconscious awareness, and provide the essential stream of information for the formulation of many of our actions.
publishDate 2012
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2012-10
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/20363
Garcia Rill, Edgar; Kezunovic, Nebojsa; Hyde, James; Simon, Christen; Beck, Paige; et al.; Coherence and frequency in the reticular activating system (RAS); Elsevier; Sleep Medicine Reviews; 17; 3; 10-2012; 227-238
1087-0792
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/20363
identifier_str_mv Garcia Rill, Edgar; Kezunovic, Nebojsa; Hyde, James; Simon, Christen; Beck, Paige; et al.; Coherence and frequency in the reticular activating system (RAS); Elsevier; Sleep Medicine Reviews; 17; 3; 10-2012; 227-238
1087-0792
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.smrv.2012.06.002
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S108707921200072X
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
_version_ 1844613131777605632
score 13.070432

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