Gamma band activity in the reticular activating system
- Autores
- Urbano Suarez, Francisco Jose; Kezunovic, Nebojsa; Hyde, James; Simon, Christen; Beck, Paige; Garcia Rill, Edgar
- Año de publicación
- 2012
- Idioma
- inglés
- Tipo de recurso
- artículo
- Estado
- versión publicada
- Descripción
- This review considers recent evidence showing that cells in three regions of the reticular activating system (RAS) exhibit gamma band activity, and describes the mechanisms behind such manifestation. Specifically, we discuss how cells in the mesopontine pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN), intralaminar parafascicular nucleus (Pf), and pontine subcoeruleus nucleus dorsalis (SubCD) all fire in the beta/gamma band range when maximally activated, but no higher.The mechanisms behind this ceiling effect have been recently elucidated.We describe recent findings showing that every cell in the PPN have high-threshold, voltagedependent P/Q-type calcium channels that are essential, while N-type calcium channels are permissive, to gamma band activity. Every cell in the Pf also showed that P/Q-type and N-type calcium channels are responsible for this activity. On the other hand, every SubCD cell exhibited sodium-dependent subthreshold oscillations. A novel mechanism for sleep–wake control based on well-known transmitter interactions, electrical coupling, and gamma band activity is described. The data presented here on inherent gamma band activity demonstrates the global nature of sleep–wake oscillation that is orchestrated by brainstem–thalamic mechanism, and questions the undue importance given to the hypothalamus for regulation of sleep–wakefulness.The discovery of gamma band activity in the RAS follows recent reports of such activity in other subcortical regions like the hippocampus and cerebellum. We hypothesize that, rather than participating in the temporal binding of sensory events as seen in the cortex, gamma band activity manifested in the RAS may help stabilize coherence related to arousal, providing a stable activation state during waking and paradoxical sleep. Most of our thoughts and actions are driven by pre-conscious processes.We speculate that continuous sensory input will induce gamma band activity in the RAS that could participate in the processes of pre-conscious awareness, and provide the essential stream of information for the formulation of many of our actions.
Fil: Urbano Suarez, Francisco Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias; Argentina
Fil: Kezunovic, Nebojsa. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Hyde, James. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Simon, Christen. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Beck, Paige. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Garcia Rill, Edgar. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados Unidos - Materia
-
RETICULAR ACTIVATING SYSTEM
PEDUNCULOPONTINE NUCLEUS
CALCIUM CHANNELS
GAMMA BAND OSCILLATIONS - Nivel de accesibilidad
- acceso abierto
- Condiciones de uso
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
- Repositorio
- Institución
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
- OAI Identificador
- oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/20778
Ver los metadatos del registro completo
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Gamma band activity in the reticular activating systemUrbano Suarez, Francisco JoseKezunovic, NebojsaHyde, JamesSimon, ChristenBeck, PaigeGarcia Rill, EdgarRETICULAR ACTIVATING SYSTEMPEDUNCULOPONTINE NUCLEUSCALCIUM CHANNELSGAMMA BAND OSCILLATIONShttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/3.1https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3This review considers recent evidence showing that cells in three regions of the reticular activating system (RAS) exhibit gamma band activity, and describes the mechanisms behind such manifestation. Specifically, we discuss how cells in the mesopontine pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN), intralaminar parafascicular nucleus (Pf), and pontine subcoeruleus nucleus dorsalis (SubCD) all fire in the beta/gamma band range when maximally activated, but no higher.The mechanisms behind this ceiling effect have been recently elucidated.We describe recent findings showing that every cell in the PPN have high-threshold, voltagedependent P/Q-type calcium channels that are essential, while N-type calcium channels are permissive, to gamma band activity. Every cell in the Pf also showed that P/Q-type and N-type calcium channels are responsible for this activity. On the other hand, every SubCD cell exhibited sodium-dependent subthreshold oscillations. A novel mechanism for sleep–wake control based on well-known transmitter interactions, electrical coupling, and gamma band activity is described. The data presented here on inherent gamma band activity demonstrates the global nature of sleep–wake oscillation that is orchestrated by brainstem–thalamic mechanism, and questions the undue importance given to the hypothalamus for regulation of sleep–wakefulness.The discovery of gamma band activity in the RAS follows recent reports of such activity in other subcortical regions like the hippocampus and cerebellum. We hypothesize that, rather than participating in the temporal binding of sensory events as seen in the cortex, gamma band activity manifested in the RAS may help stabilize coherence related to arousal, providing a stable activation state during waking and paradoxical sleep. Most of our thoughts and actions are driven by pre-conscious processes.We speculate that continuous sensory input will induce gamma band activity in the RAS that could participate in the processes of pre-conscious awareness, and provide the essential stream of information for the formulation of many of our actions.Fil: Urbano Suarez, Francisco Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias; ArgentinaFil: Kezunovic, Nebojsa. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Hyde, James. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Simon, Christen. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Beck, Paige. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Garcia Rill, Edgar. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados UnidosFrontiers Head Office-Online publication2012-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/20778Urbano Suarez, Francisco Jose; Kezunovic, Nebojsa; Hyde, James; Simon, Christen; Beck, Paige; et al.; Gamma band activity in the reticular activating system; Frontiers Head Office-Online publication; Frontiers in Neurology; 3; 1-2012; 1-16; 61664-2295CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3389/fneur.2012.00006info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2012.00006/fullinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T10:25:21Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/20778instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 10:25:21.746CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Gamma band activity in the reticular activating system |
title |
Gamma band activity in the reticular activating system |
spellingShingle |
Gamma band activity in the reticular activating system Urbano Suarez, Francisco Jose RETICULAR ACTIVATING SYSTEM PEDUNCULOPONTINE NUCLEUS CALCIUM CHANNELS GAMMA BAND OSCILLATIONS |
title_short |
Gamma band activity in the reticular activating system |
title_full |
Gamma band activity in the reticular activating system |
title_fullStr |
Gamma band activity in the reticular activating system |
title_full_unstemmed |
Gamma band activity in the reticular activating system |
title_sort |
Gamma band activity in the reticular activating system |
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Urbano Suarez, Francisco Jose Kezunovic, Nebojsa Hyde, James Simon, Christen Beck, Paige Garcia Rill, Edgar |
author |
Urbano Suarez, Francisco Jose |
author_facet |
Urbano Suarez, Francisco Jose Kezunovic, Nebojsa Hyde, James Simon, Christen Beck, Paige Garcia Rill, Edgar |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Kezunovic, Nebojsa Hyde, James Simon, Christen Beck, Paige Garcia Rill, Edgar |
author2_role |
author author author author author |
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
RETICULAR ACTIVATING SYSTEM PEDUNCULOPONTINE NUCLEUS CALCIUM CHANNELS GAMMA BAND OSCILLATIONS |
topic |
RETICULAR ACTIVATING SYSTEM PEDUNCULOPONTINE NUCLEUS CALCIUM CHANNELS GAMMA BAND OSCILLATIONS |
purl_subject.fl_str_mv |
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3.1 https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3 |
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv |
This review considers recent evidence showing that cells in three regions of the reticular activating system (RAS) exhibit gamma band activity, and describes the mechanisms behind such manifestation. Specifically, we discuss how cells in the mesopontine pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN), intralaminar parafascicular nucleus (Pf), and pontine subcoeruleus nucleus dorsalis (SubCD) all fire in the beta/gamma band range when maximally activated, but no higher.The mechanisms behind this ceiling effect have been recently elucidated.We describe recent findings showing that every cell in the PPN have high-threshold, voltagedependent P/Q-type calcium channels that are essential, while N-type calcium channels are permissive, to gamma band activity. Every cell in the Pf also showed that P/Q-type and N-type calcium channels are responsible for this activity. On the other hand, every SubCD cell exhibited sodium-dependent subthreshold oscillations. A novel mechanism for sleep–wake control based on well-known transmitter interactions, electrical coupling, and gamma band activity is described. The data presented here on inherent gamma band activity demonstrates the global nature of sleep–wake oscillation that is orchestrated by brainstem–thalamic mechanism, and questions the undue importance given to the hypothalamus for regulation of sleep–wakefulness.The discovery of gamma band activity in the RAS follows recent reports of such activity in other subcortical regions like the hippocampus and cerebellum. We hypothesize that, rather than participating in the temporal binding of sensory events as seen in the cortex, gamma band activity manifested in the RAS may help stabilize coherence related to arousal, providing a stable activation state during waking and paradoxical sleep. Most of our thoughts and actions are driven by pre-conscious processes.We speculate that continuous sensory input will induce gamma band activity in the RAS that could participate in the processes of pre-conscious awareness, and provide the essential stream of information for the formulation of many of our actions. Fil: Urbano Suarez, Francisco Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias; Argentina Fil: Kezunovic, Nebojsa. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados Unidos Fil: Hyde, James. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados Unidos Fil: Simon, Christen. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados Unidos Fil: Beck, Paige. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados Unidos Fil: Garcia Rill, Edgar. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados Unidos |
description |
This review considers recent evidence showing that cells in three regions of the reticular activating system (RAS) exhibit gamma band activity, and describes the mechanisms behind such manifestation. Specifically, we discuss how cells in the mesopontine pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN), intralaminar parafascicular nucleus (Pf), and pontine subcoeruleus nucleus dorsalis (SubCD) all fire in the beta/gamma band range when maximally activated, but no higher.The mechanisms behind this ceiling effect have been recently elucidated.We describe recent findings showing that every cell in the PPN have high-threshold, voltagedependent P/Q-type calcium channels that are essential, while N-type calcium channels are permissive, to gamma band activity. Every cell in the Pf also showed that P/Q-type and N-type calcium channels are responsible for this activity. On the other hand, every SubCD cell exhibited sodium-dependent subthreshold oscillations. A novel mechanism for sleep–wake control based on well-known transmitter interactions, electrical coupling, and gamma band activity is described. The data presented here on inherent gamma band activity demonstrates the global nature of sleep–wake oscillation that is orchestrated by brainstem–thalamic mechanism, and questions the undue importance given to the hypothalamus for regulation of sleep–wakefulness.The discovery of gamma band activity in the RAS follows recent reports of such activity in other subcortical regions like the hippocampus and cerebellum. We hypothesize that, rather than participating in the temporal binding of sensory events as seen in the cortex, gamma band activity manifested in the RAS may help stabilize coherence related to arousal, providing a stable activation state during waking and paradoxical sleep. Most of our thoughts and actions are driven by pre-conscious processes.We speculate that continuous sensory input will induce gamma band activity in the RAS that could participate in the processes of pre-conscious awareness, and provide the essential stream of information for the formulation of many of our actions. |
publishDate |
2012 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2012-01 |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/20778 Urbano Suarez, Francisco Jose; Kezunovic, Nebojsa; Hyde, James; Simon, Christen; Beck, Paige; et al.; Gamma band activity in the reticular activating system; Frontiers Head Office-Online publication; Frontiers in Neurology; 3; 1-2012; 1-16; 6 1664-2295 CONICET Digital CONICET |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/20778 |
identifier_str_mv |
Urbano Suarez, Francisco Jose; Kezunovic, Nebojsa; Hyde, James; Simon, Christen; Beck, Paige; et al.; Gamma band activity in the reticular activating system; Frontiers Head Office-Online publication; Frontiers in Neurology; 3; 1-2012; 1-16; 6 1664-2295 CONICET Digital CONICET |
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3389/fneur.2012.00006 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2012.00006/full |
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/ |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Frontiers Head Office-Online publication |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Frontiers Head Office-Online publication |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET) instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
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CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
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CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
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Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
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CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar |
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13.070432 |