Two-dimensional electron gas with universal subbands at the surface of SrTiO 3

Autores
Santander-Syro, A.F.; Copie, O.; Kondo, T.; Fortuna, F.; Pailhés, S.; Weht, Ruben Oscar; Qiu, X.G.; Bertran, F.; Nicolaou, A.; Taleb-Ibrahimi, A.; Le F?vre, P.; Herranz, G.; Bibes, M.; Reyren, N.; Apertet, Y.; Lecoeur, P.; Barthélémy, A.; Rozenberg, Marcelo Javier
Año de publicación
2011
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
As silicon is the basis of conventional electronics, so strontium titanate (SrTiO3) is the foundation of the emerging field of oxide electronics1,2. SrTiO3 is the preferred template for the creation of exotic, two-dimensional (2D) phases of electron matter at oxide interfaces3-5 that have metalg-insulator transitions6,7, superconductivity8,9 or large negative magnetoresistance 10. However, the physical nature of the electronic structure underlying these 2D electron gases (2DEGs), which is crucial to understanding their remarkable properties11,12, remains elusive. Here we show, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, that there is a highly metallic universal 2DEG at the vacuum-cleaved surface of SrTiO3 (including the non-doped insulating material) independently of bulk carrier densities over more than seven decades. This 2DEG is confined within a region of about five unit cells and has a sheet carrier density of ∼0.33 electrons per square lattice parameter. The electronic structure consists of multiple subbands of heavy and light electrons. The similarity of this 2DEG to those reported in SrTiO3-based heterostructures and field-effect transistors suggests that different forms of electron confinement at the surface of SrTiO3 lead to essentially the same 2DEG. Our discovery provides a model system for the study of the electronic structure of 2DEGs in SrTiO3-based devices and a novel means of generating 2DEGs at the surfaces of transition-metal oxides. © 2011 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.
Fil: Santander-Syro, A.F.. Centre de Sciences Nucleaires Et de Sciences de la Matiere; Francia
Fil: Copie, O.. Universite Paris-sud Xi; Francia. Universität Würzburg; Alemania
Fil: Kondo, T.. IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY (ISU);
Fil: Fortuna, F.. Centre de Sciences Nucleaires Et de Sciences de la Matiere; Francia
Fil: Pailhés, S.. Laboratoire Leon Brillouin; Francia
Fil: Weht, Ruben Oscar. Universidad Nacional de San Martín; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; Argentina
Fil: Qiu, X.G.. Institute Of Physics Chinese Academy Of Sciences; China
Fil: Bertran, F.. Soleil Synchrotron; Francia
Fil: Nicolaou, A.. Soleil Synchrotron; Francia
Fil: Taleb-Ibrahimi, A.. Soleil Synchrotron; Francia
Fil: Le F?vre, P.. Soleil Synchrotron; Francia
Fil: Herranz, G.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Ciencia de los Materiales de Barcelona; España
Fil: Bibes, M.. Universite Paris-sud Xi; Francia
Fil: Reyren, N.. Universite Paris-sud Xi; Francia
Fil: Apertet, Y.. Institut D'electronique Fondamentale, Orsay; Francia
Fil: Lecoeur, P.. Institut D'electronique Fondamentale, Orsay; Francia
Fil: Barthélémy, A.. Universite Paris-sud Xi; Francia
Fil: Rozenberg, Marcelo Javier. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires; Argentina
Materia
Oxides
2deg
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/57219
Acceder
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oai_identifier_str oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/57219
network_acronym_str CONICETDig
repository_id_str 3498
network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Two-dimensional electron gas with universal subbands at the surface of SrTiO 3Santander-Syro, A.F.Copie, O.Kondo, T.Fortuna, F.Pailhés, S.Weht, Ruben OscarQiu, X.G.Bertran, F.Nicolaou, A.Taleb-Ibrahimi, A.Le F?vre, P.Herranz, G.Bibes, M.Reyren, N.Apertet, Y.Lecoeur, P.Barthélémy, A.Rozenberg, Marcelo JavierOxides2deghttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1As silicon is the basis of conventional electronics, so strontium titanate (SrTiO3) is the foundation of the emerging field of oxide electronics1,2. SrTiO3 is the preferred template for the creation of exotic, two-dimensional (2D) phases of electron matter at oxide interfaces3-5 that have metalg-insulator transitions6,7, superconductivity8,9 or large negative magnetoresistance 10. However, the physical nature of the electronic structure underlying these 2D electron gases (2DEGs), which is crucial to understanding their remarkable properties11,12, remains elusive. Here we show, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, that there is a highly metallic universal 2DEG at the vacuum-cleaved surface of SrTiO3 (including the non-doped insulating material) independently of bulk carrier densities over more than seven decades. This 2DEG is confined within a region of about five unit cells and has a sheet carrier density of ∼0.33 electrons per square lattice parameter. The electronic structure consists of multiple subbands of heavy and light electrons. The similarity of this 2DEG to those reported in SrTiO3-based heterostructures and field-effect transistors suggests that different forms of electron confinement at the surface of SrTiO3 lead to essentially the same 2DEG. Our discovery provides a model system for the study of the electronic structure of 2DEGs in SrTiO3-based devices and a novel means of generating 2DEGs at the surfaces of transition-metal oxides. © 2011 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.Fil: Santander-Syro, A.F.. Centre de Sciences Nucleaires Et de Sciences de la Matiere; FranciaFil: Copie, O.. Universite Paris-sud Xi; Francia. Universität Würzburg; AlemaniaFil: Kondo, T.. IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY (ISU);Fil: Fortuna, F.. Centre de Sciences Nucleaires Et de Sciences de la Matiere; FranciaFil: Pailhés, S.. Laboratoire Leon Brillouin; FranciaFil: Weht, Ruben Oscar. Universidad Nacional de San Martín; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; ArgentinaFil: Qiu, X.G.. Institute Of Physics Chinese Academy Of Sciences; ChinaFil: Bertran, F.. Soleil Synchrotron; FranciaFil: Nicolaou, A.. Soleil Synchrotron; FranciaFil: Taleb-Ibrahimi, A.. Soleil Synchrotron; FranciaFil: Le F?vre, P.. Soleil Synchrotron; FranciaFil: Herranz, G.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Ciencia de los Materiales de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Bibes, M.. Universite Paris-sud Xi; FranciaFil: Reyren, N.. Universite Paris-sud Xi; FranciaFil: Apertet, Y.. Institut D'electronique Fondamentale, Orsay; FranciaFil: Lecoeur, P.. Institut D'electronique Fondamentale, Orsay; FranciaFil: Barthélémy, A.. Universite Paris-sud Xi; FranciaFil: Rozenberg, Marcelo Javier. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaNature Publishing Group2011-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/57219Santander-Syro, A.F.; Copie, O.; Kondo, T.; Fortuna, F.; Pailhés, S.; et al.; Two-dimensional electron gas with universal subbands at the surface of SrTiO 3; Nature Publishing Group; Nature; 469; 7329; 1-2011; 189-1940028-0836CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1038/nature09720info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-10-22T11:21:40Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/57219instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-10-22 11:21:40.972CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Two-dimensional electron gas with universal subbands at the surface of SrTiO 3
title Two-dimensional electron gas with universal subbands at the surface of SrTiO 3
spellingShingle Two-dimensional electron gas with universal subbands at the surface of SrTiO 3
Santander-Syro, A.F.
Oxides
2deg
title_short Two-dimensional electron gas with universal subbands at the surface of SrTiO 3
title_full Two-dimensional electron gas with universal subbands at the surface of SrTiO 3
title_fullStr Two-dimensional electron gas with universal subbands at the surface of SrTiO 3
title_full_unstemmed Two-dimensional electron gas with universal subbands at the surface of SrTiO 3
title_sort Two-dimensional electron gas with universal subbands at the surface of SrTiO 3
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Santander-Syro, A.F.
Copie, O.
Kondo, T.
Fortuna, F.
Pailhés, S.
Weht, Ruben Oscar
Qiu, X.G.
Bertran, F.
Nicolaou, A.
Taleb-Ibrahimi, A.
Le F?vre, P.
Herranz, G.
Bibes, M.
Reyren, N.
Apertet, Y.
Lecoeur, P.
Barthélémy, A.
Rozenberg, Marcelo Javier
author Santander-Syro, A.F.
author_facet Santander-Syro, A.F.
Copie, O.
Kondo, T.
Fortuna, F.
Pailhés, S.
Weht, Ruben Oscar
Qiu, X.G.
Bertran, F.
Nicolaou, A.
Taleb-Ibrahimi, A.
Le F?vre, P.
Herranz, G.
Bibes, M.
Reyren, N.
Apertet, Y.
Lecoeur, P.
Barthélémy, A.
Rozenberg, Marcelo Javier
author_role author
author2 Copie, O.
Kondo, T.
Fortuna, F.
Pailhés, S.
Weht, Ruben Oscar
Qiu, X.G.
Bertran, F.
Nicolaou, A.
Taleb-Ibrahimi, A.
Le F?vre, P.
Herranz, G.
Bibes, M.
Reyren, N.
Apertet, Y.
Lecoeur, P.
Barthélémy, A.
Rozenberg, Marcelo Javier
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Oxides
2deg
topic Oxides
2deg
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv As silicon is the basis of conventional electronics, so strontium titanate (SrTiO3) is the foundation of the emerging field of oxide electronics1,2. SrTiO3 is the preferred template for the creation of exotic, two-dimensional (2D) phases of electron matter at oxide interfaces3-5 that have metalg-insulator transitions6,7, superconductivity8,9 or large negative magnetoresistance 10. However, the physical nature of the electronic structure underlying these 2D electron gases (2DEGs), which is crucial to understanding their remarkable properties11,12, remains elusive. Here we show, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, that there is a highly metallic universal 2DEG at the vacuum-cleaved surface of SrTiO3 (including the non-doped insulating material) independently of bulk carrier densities over more than seven decades. This 2DEG is confined within a region of about five unit cells and has a sheet carrier density of ∼0.33 electrons per square lattice parameter. The electronic structure consists of multiple subbands of heavy and light electrons. The similarity of this 2DEG to those reported in SrTiO3-based heterostructures and field-effect transistors suggests that different forms of electron confinement at the surface of SrTiO3 lead to essentially the same 2DEG. Our discovery provides a model system for the study of the electronic structure of 2DEGs in SrTiO3-based devices and a novel means of generating 2DEGs at the surfaces of transition-metal oxides. © 2011 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.
Fil: Santander-Syro, A.F.. Centre de Sciences Nucleaires Et de Sciences de la Matiere; Francia
Fil: Copie, O.. Universite Paris-sud Xi; Francia. Universität Würzburg; Alemania
Fil: Kondo, T.. IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY (ISU);
Fil: Fortuna, F.. Centre de Sciences Nucleaires Et de Sciences de la Matiere; Francia
Fil: Pailhés, S.. Laboratoire Leon Brillouin; Francia
Fil: Weht, Ruben Oscar. Universidad Nacional de San Martín; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; Argentina
Fil: Qiu, X.G.. Institute Of Physics Chinese Academy Of Sciences; China
Fil: Bertran, F.. Soleil Synchrotron; Francia
Fil: Nicolaou, A.. Soleil Synchrotron; Francia
Fil: Taleb-Ibrahimi, A.. Soleil Synchrotron; Francia
Fil: Le F?vre, P.. Soleil Synchrotron; Francia
Fil: Herranz, G.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Ciencia de los Materiales de Barcelona; España
Fil: Bibes, M.. Universite Paris-sud Xi; Francia
Fil: Reyren, N.. Universite Paris-sud Xi; Francia
Fil: Apertet, Y.. Institut D'electronique Fondamentale, Orsay; Francia
Fil: Lecoeur, P.. Institut D'electronique Fondamentale, Orsay; Francia
Fil: Barthélémy, A.. Universite Paris-sud Xi; Francia
Fil: Rozenberg, Marcelo Javier. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires; Argentina
description As silicon is the basis of conventional electronics, so strontium titanate (SrTiO3) is the foundation of the emerging field of oxide electronics1,2. SrTiO3 is the preferred template for the creation of exotic, two-dimensional (2D) phases of electron matter at oxide interfaces3-5 that have metalg-insulator transitions6,7, superconductivity8,9 or large negative magnetoresistance 10. However, the physical nature of the electronic structure underlying these 2D electron gases (2DEGs), which is crucial to understanding their remarkable properties11,12, remains elusive. Here we show, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, that there is a highly metallic universal 2DEG at the vacuum-cleaved surface of SrTiO3 (including the non-doped insulating material) independently of bulk carrier densities over more than seven decades. This 2DEG is confined within a region of about five unit cells and has a sheet carrier density of ∼0.33 electrons per square lattice parameter. The electronic structure consists of multiple subbands of heavy and light electrons. The similarity of this 2DEG to those reported in SrTiO3-based heterostructures and field-effect transistors suggests that different forms of electron confinement at the surface of SrTiO3 lead to essentially the same 2DEG. Our discovery provides a model system for the study of the electronic structure of 2DEGs in SrTiO3-based devices and a novel means of generating 2DEGs at the surfaces of transition-metal oxides. © 2011 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.
publishDate 2011
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2011-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/57219
Santander-Syro, A.F.; Copie, O.; Kondo, T.; Fortuna, F.; Pailhés, S.; et al.; Two-dimensional electron gas with universal subbands at the surface of SrTiO 3; Nature Publishing Group; Nature; 469; 7329; 1-2011; 189-194
0028-0836
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/57219
identifier_str_mv Santander-Syro, A.F.; Copie, O.; Kondo, T.; Fortuna, F.; Pailhés, S.; et al.; Two-dimensional electron gas with universal subbands at the surface of SrTiO 3; Nature Publishing Group; Nature; 469; 7329; 1-2011; 189-194
0028-0836
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1038/nature09720
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Nature Publishing Group
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Nature Publishing Group
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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score 12.982451

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