Diffuse X-Ray Emission in the Cygnus OB2 Association
- Autores
- Albacete Colombo, Juan Facundo; Drake, J. J.; Flaccomio, E.; Wright, N. J.; Kashyap, V.; Guarcello, M. G.; Briggs, K.; Drew, J.; Fenech, D.; Micela, G.; McCollough, M.; Prinja, R. K.; Schneider, N.; Sciortino, S.; Vink, J. S.
- Año de publicación
- 2023
- Idioma
- inglés
- Tipo de recurso
- artículo
- Estado
- versión publicada
- Descripción
- We present a large-scale study of diffuse X-ray emission in the nearby massive stellar association Cygnus OB2 as part of the Chandra Cygnus OB2 Legacy Program. We used 40 Chandra X-ray ACIS-I observations covering ∼1.0 deg2. After removing 7924 point sources detected in our survey and applying adaptive smoothing to the background-corrected X-ray emission, the adaptive smoothing reveals large-scale diffuse X-ray emission. Diffuse emission was detected in the subbands soft (0.5−1.2 keV) and medium (1.2−2.5 keV) and marginally in the hard (2.5−7.0 keV) band. From X-ray spectral analysis of stacked spectra we compute a total (0.5–7.0 keV) diffuse X-ray luminosity of L Xdiff » 4.2 × 1034 erg s−1, characterized by plasma temperature components at kT ≈ 0.11, 0.40, and 1.18 keV, respectively. The H I absorption column density corresponding to these temperatures has a distribution consistent with NH = (0.43, 0.80, 1.39) × 1022 cm−2. The extended medium-band energy emission likely arises from O-type stellar winds thermalized by wind−wind collisions in the most populated regions of the association, while the soft-band emission probably arises from less energetic termination shocks against the surrounding interstellar medium. Supersoft and soft diffuse emission appear more widely dispersed and intense than the medium-band emission. The diffuse X-ray emission is generally spatially coincident with low-extinction regions that we attribute to the ubiquitous influence of powerful stellar winds from massive stars and their interaction with the local interstellar medium. Diffuse X-ray emission is volume filling, rather than edge brightened, oppositely to other star-forming regions. We reveal the first observational evidence of X-ray halos around some evolved massive stars.
Fil: Albacete Colombo, Juan Facundo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Confluencia; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro. Sede Atlantica. Departamento de Investigación en Ciencias Exactas, Naturales y de Ingenieria; Argentina
Fil: Drake, J. J.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos
Fil: Flaccomio, E.. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofísica. Osservatorio Astronómico di Palermo; Italia
Fil: Wright, N. J.. Keele University.; Reino Unido
Fil: Kashyap, V.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos
Fil: Guarcello, M. G.. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofísica. Osservatorio Astronómico di Palermo; Italia
Fil: Briggs, K.. Universitat Hamburg; Alemania
Fil: Drew, J.. University of Hertfordshire; Reino Unido
Fil: Fenech, D.. University College London; Estados Unidos
Fil: Micela, G.. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofísica. Osservatorio Astronómico di Palermo; Italia
Fil: McCollough, M.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos
Fil: Prinja, R. K.. University College London; Estados Unidos
Fil: Schneider, N.. University of Cologne; Alemania
Fil: Sciortino, S.. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofísica. Osservatorio Astronómico di Palermo; Italia
Fil: Vink, J. S.. College Hill. Armagh Observatory and Planetarium; Reino Unido - Materia
-
X-ray stars
Massive stars
Stellar winds - Nivel de accesibilidad
- acceso abierto
- Condiciones de uso
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
- Repositorio
- Institución
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
- OAI Identificador
- oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/233590
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Diffuse X-Ray Emission in the Cygnus OB2 AssociationAlbacete Colombo, Juan FacundoDrake, J. J.Flaccomio, E.Wright, N. J.Kashyap, V.Guarcello, M. G.Briggs, K.Drew, J.Fenech, D.Micela, G.McCollough, M.Prinja, R. K.Schneider, N.Sciortino, S.Vink, J. S.X-ray starsMassive starsStellar windshttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1We present a large-scale study of diffuse X-ray emission in the nearby massive stellar association Cygnus OB2 as part of the Chandra Cygnus OB2 Legacy Program. We used 40 Chandra X-ray ACIS-I observations covering ∼1.0 deg2. After removing 7924 point sources detected in our survey and applying adaptive smoothing to the background-corrected X-ray emission, the adaptive smoothing reveals large-scale diffuse X-ray emission. Diffuse emission was detected in the subbands soft (0.5−1.2 keV) and medium (1.2−2.5 keV) and marginally in the hard (2.5−7.0 keV) band. From X-ray spectral analysis of stacked spectra we compute a total (0.5–7.0 keV) diffuse X-ray luminosity of L Xdiff » 4.2 × 1034 erg s−1, characterized by plasma temperature components at kT ≈ 0.11, 0.40, and 1.18 keV, respectively. The H I absorption column density corresponding to these temperatures has a distribution consistent with NH = (0.43, 0.80, 1.39) × 1022 cm−2. The extended medium-band energy emission likely arises from O-type stellar winds thermalized by wind−wind collisions in the most populated regions of the association, while the soft-band emission probably arises from less energetic termination shocks against the surrounding interstellar medium. Supersoft and soft diffuse emission appear more widely dispersed and intense than the medium-band emission. The diffuse X-ray emission is generally spatially coincident with low-extinction regions that we attribute to the ubiquitous influence of powerful stellar winds from massive stars and their interaction with the local interstellar medium. Diffuse X-ray emission is volume filling, rather than edge brightened, oppositely to other star-forming regions. We reveal the first observational evidence of X-ray halos around some evolved massive stars.Fil: Albacete Colombo, Juan Facundo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Confluencia; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro. Sede Atlantica. Departamento de Investigación en Ciencias Exactas, Naturales y de Ingenieria; ArgentinaFil: Drake, J. J.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados UnidosFil: Flaccomio, E.. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofísica. Osservatorio Astronómico di Palermo; ItaliaFil: Wright, N. J.. Keele University.; Reino UnidoFil: Kashyap, V.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados UnidosFil: Guarcello, M. G.. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofísica. Osservatorio Astronómico di Palermo; ItaliaFil: Briggs, K.. Universitat Hamburg; AlemaniaFil: Drew, J.. University of Hertfordshire; Reino UnidoFil: Fenech, D.. University College London; Estados UnidosFil: Micela, G.. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofísica. Osservatorio Astronómico di Palermo; ItaliaFil: McCollough, M.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados UnidosFil: Prinja, R. K.. University College London; Estados UnidosFil: Schneider, N.. University of Cologne; AlemaniaFil: Sciortino, S.. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofísica. Osservatorio Astronómico di Palermo; ItaliaFil: Vink, J. S.. College Hill. Armagh Observatory and Planetarium; Reino UnidoIOP Publishing2023-10info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/233590Albacete Colombo, Juan Facundo; Drake, J. J.; Flaccomio, E.; Wright, N. J.; Kashyap, V.; et al.; Diffuse X-Ray Emission in the Cygnus OB2 Association; IOP Publishing; Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series; 269; 1; 10-2023; 1-230067-0049CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4365/acdd65info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3847/1538-4365/acdd65info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T10:25:10Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/233590instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 10:25:10.287CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Diffuse X-Ray Emission in the Cygnus OB2 Association |
title |
Diffuse X-Ray Emission in the Cygnus OB2 Association |
spellingShingle |
Diffuse X-Ray Emission in the Cygnus OB2 Association Albacete Colombo, Juan Facundo X-ray stars Massive stars Stellar winds |
title_short |
Diffuse X-Ray Emission in the Cygnus OB2 Association |
title_full |
Diffuse X-Ray Emission in the Cygnus OB2 Association |
title_fullStr |
Diffuse X-Ray Emission in the Cygnus OB2 Association |
title_full_unstemmed |
Diffuse X-Ray Emission in the Cygnus OB2 Association |
title_sort |
Diffuse X-Ray Emission in the Cygnus OB2 Association |
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Albacete Colombo, Juan Facundo Drake, J. J. Flaccomio, E. Wright, N. J. Kashyap, V. Guarcello, M. G. Briggs, K. Drew, J. Fenech, D. Micela, G. McCollough, M. Prinja, R. K. Schneider, N. Sciortino, S. Vink, J. S. |
author |
Albacete Colombo, Juan Facundo |
author_facet |
Albacete Colombo, Juan Facundo Drake, J. J. Flaccomio, E. Wright, N. J. Kashyap, V. Guarcello, M. G. Briggs, K. Drew, J. Fenech, D. Micela, G. McCollough, M. Prinja, R. K. Schneider, N. Sciortino, S. Vink, J. S. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Drake, J. J. Flaccomio, E. Wright, N. J. Kashyap, V. Guarcello, M. G. Briggs, K. Drew, J. Fenech, D. Micela, G. McCollough, M. Prinja, R. K. Schneider, N. Sciortino, S. Vink, J. S. |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author author author author author |
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
X-ray stars Massive stars Stellar winds |
topic |
X-ray stars Massive stars Stellar winds |
purl_subject.fl_str_mv |
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1 |
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv |
We present a large-scale study of diffuse X-ray emission in the nearby massive stellar association Cygnus OB2 as part of the Chandra Cygnus OB2 Legacy Program. We used 40 Chandra X-ray ACIS-I observations covering ∼1.0 deg2. After removing 7924 point sources detected in our survey and applying adaptive smoothing to the background-corrected X-ray emission, the adaptive smoothing reveals large-scale diffuse X-ray emission. Diffuse emission was detected in the subbands soft (0.5−1.2 keV) and medium (1.2−2.5 keV) and marginally in the hard (2.5−7.0 keV) band. From X-ray spectral analysis of stacked spectra we compute a total (0.5–7.0 keV) diffuse X-ray luminosity of L Xdiff » 4.2 × 1034 erg s−1, characterized by plasma temperature components at kT ≈ 0.11, 0.40, and 1.18 keV, respectively. The H I absorption column density corresponding to these temperatures has a distribution consistent with NH = (0.43, 0.80, 1.39) × 1022 cm−2. The extended medium-band energy emission likely arises from O-type stellar winds thermalized by wind−wind collisions in the most populated regions of the association, while the soft-band emission probably arises from less energetic termination shocks against the surrounding interstellar medium. Supersoft and soft diffuse emission appear more widely dispersed and intense than the medium-band emission. The diffuse X-ray emission is generally spatially coincident with low-extinction regions that we attribute to the ubiquitous influence of powerful stellar winds from massive stars and their interaction with the local interstellar medium. Diffuse X-ray emission is volume filling, rather than edge brightened, oppositely to other star-forming regions. We reveal the first observational evidence of X-ray halos around some evolved massive stars. Fil: Albacete Colombo, Juan Facundo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Confluencia; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro. Sede Atlantica. Departamento de Investigación en Ciencias Exactas, Naturales y de Ingenieria; Argentina Fil: Drake, J. J.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos Fil: Flaccomio, E.. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofísica. Osservatorio Astronómico di Palermo; Italia Fil: Wright, N. J.. Keele University.; Reino Unido Fil: Kashyap, V.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos Fil: Guarcello, M. G.. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofísica. Osservatorio Astronómico di Palermo; Italia Fil: Briggs, K.. Universitat Hamburg; Alemania Fil: Drew, J.. University of Hertfordshire; Reino Unido Fil: Fenech, D.. University College London; Estados Unidos Fil: Micela, G.. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofísica. Osservatorio Astronómico di Palermo; Italia Fil: McCollough, M.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos Fil: Prinja, R. K.. University College London; Estados Unidos Fil: Schneider, N.. University of Cologne; Alemania Fil: Sciortino, S.. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofísica. Osservatorio Astronómico di Palermo; Italia Fil: Vink, J. S.. College Hill. Armagh Observatory and Planetarium; Reino Unido |
description |
We present a large-scale study of diffuse X-ray emission in the nearby massive stellar association Cygnus OB2 as part of the Chandra Cygnus OB2 Legacy Program. We used 40 Chandra X-ray ACIS-I observations covering ∼1.0 deg2. After removing 7924 point sources detected in our survey and applying adaptive smoothing to the background-corrected X-ray emission, the adaptive smoothing reveals large-scale diffuse X-ray emission. Diffuse emission was detected in the subbands soft (0.5−1.2 keV) and medium (1.2−2.5 keV) and marginally in the hard (2.5−7.0 keV) band. From X-ray spectral analysis of stacked spectra we compute a total (0.5–7.0 keV) diffuse X-ray luminosity of L Xdiff » 4.2 × 1034 erg s−1, characterized by plasma temperature components at kT ≈ 0.11, 0.40, and 1.18 keV, respectively. The H I absorption column density corresponding to these temperatures has a distribution consistent with NH = (0.43, 0.80, 1.39) × 1022 cm−2. The extended medium-band energy emission likely arises from O-type stellar winds thermalized by wind−wind collisions in the most populated regions of the association, while the soft-band emission probably arises from less energetic termination shocks against the surrounding interstellar medium. Supersoft and soft diffuse emission appear more widely dispersed and intense than the medium-band emission. The diffuse X-ray emission is generally spatially coincident with low-extinction regions that we attribute to the ubiquitous influence of powerful stellar winds from massive stars and their interaction with the local interstellar medium. Diffuse X-ray emission is volume filling, rather than edge brightened, oppositely to other star-forming regions. We reveal the first observational evidence of X-ray halos around some evolved massive stars. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-10 |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/233590 Albacete Colombo, Juan Facundo; Drake, J. J.; Flaccomio, E.; Wright, N. J.; Kashyap, V.; et al.; Diffuse X-Ray Emission in the Cygnus OB2 Association; IOP Publishing; Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series; 269; 1; 10-2023; 1-23 0067-0049 CONICET Digital CONICET |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/233590 |
identifier_str_mv |
Albacete Colombo, Juan Facundo; Drake, J. J.; Flaccomio, E.; Wright, N. J.; Kashyap, V.; et al.; Diffuse X-Ray Emission in the Cygnus OB2 Association; IOP Publishing; Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series; 269; 1; 10-2023; 1-23 0067-0049 CONICET Digital CONICET |
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4365/acdd65 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3847/1538-4365/acdd65 |
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/ |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
IOP Publishing |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
IOP Publishing |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET) instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
reponame_str |
CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
collection |
CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
instname_str |
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar |
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1844614249919283200 |
score |
13.070432 |