Central Nervous System Targets and Routes for SARS-CoV-2: Current Views and New Hypotheses

Autores
Barrantes, Francisco Jose
Año de publicación
2020
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic unfolds, neurological signs and symptoms reflect the involvement of targets beyond the primary lung effects. The etiological agent of COVID-19, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), exhibits neurotropism for central and peripheral nervous systems. Various infective mechanisms and paths can be exploited by the virus to reach the central nervous system, some of which bypass the blood-brain barrier; others alter its integrity. Numerous studies have established beyond doubt that the membrane-bound metalloprotease angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) performs the role of SARS-CoV-2 host-cell receptor. Histochemical studies and more recently transcriptomics of mRNA have dissected the cellular localization of the ACE2 enzyme in various tissues, including the central nervous system. Epithelial cells lining the nasal mucosae, the upper respiratory tract, and the oral cavity, bronchoalveolar cells type II in the pulmonary parenchyma, and intestinal enterocytes display ACE2 binding sites at their cell surfaces, making these epithelial mucosae the most likely viral entry points. Neuronal and glial cells and endothelial cells in the central nervous system also express ACE2. This short review analyzes the known entry points and routes followed by the SARS-CoV-2 to reach the central nervous system and postulates new hypothetical pathways stemming from the enterocytes lining the intestinal lumen.
Fil: Barrantes, Francisco Jose. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina
Materia
ACE2
ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME 2
BRAIN
COVID-19
NEUROTROPIC VIRUS
RECEPTOR
SARS-COV-2
TMPRSS2
VIRAL INFECTION
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/118977
Acceder
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network_acronym_str CONICETDig
repository_id_str 3498
network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Central Nervous System Targets and Routes for SARS-CoV-2: Current Views and New HypothesesBarrantes, Francisco JoseACE2ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME 2BRAINCOVID-19NEUROTROPIC VIRUSRECEPTORSARS-COV-2TMPRSS2VIRAL INFECTIONhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/3.1https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic unfolds, neurological signs and symptoms reflect the involvement of targets beyond the primary lung effects. The etiological agent of COVID-19, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), exhibits neurotropism for central and peripheral nervous systems. Various infective mechanisms and paths can be exploited by the virus to reach the central nervous system, some of which bypass the blood-brain barrier; others alter its integrity. Numerous studies have established beyond doubt that the membrane-bound metalloprotease angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) performs the role of SARS-CoV-2 host-cell receptor. Histochemical studies and more recently transcriptomics of mRNA have dissected the cellular localization of the ACE2 enzyme in various tissues, including the central nervous system. Epithelial cells lining the nasal mucosae, the upper respiratory tract, and the oral cavity, bronchoalveolar cells type II in the pulmonary parenchyma, and intestinal enterocytes display ACE2 binding sites at their cell surfaces, making these epithelial mucosae the most likely viral entry points. Neuronal and glial cells and endothelial cells in the central nervous system also express ACE2. This short review analyzes the known entry points and routes followed by the SARS-CoV-2 to reach the central nervous system and postulates new hypothetical pathways stemming from the enterocytes lining the intestinal lumen.Fil: Barrantes, Francisco Jose. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; ArgentinaAmerican Chemical Society Inc2020-09info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/118977Barrantes, Francisco Jose; Central Nervous System Targets and Routes for SARS-CoV-2: Current Views and New Hypotheses; American Chemical Society Inc; ACS Chemical Neuroscience; 11; 18; 9-2020; 2793-28031948-7193CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00434info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00434info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T10:42:23Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/118977instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 10:42:23.942CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Central Nervous System Targets and Routes for SARS-CoV-2: Current Views and New Hypotheses
title Central Nervous System Targets and Routes for SARS-CoV-2: Current Views and New Hypotheses
spellingShingle Central Nervous System Targets and Routes for SARS-CoV-2: Current Views and New Hypotheses
Barrantes, Francisco Jose
ACE2
ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME 2
BRAIN
COVID-19
NEUROTROPIC VIRUS
RECEPTOR
SARS-COV-2
TMPRSS2
VIRAL INFECTION
title_short Central Nervous System Targets and Routes for SARS-CoV-2: Current Views and New Hypotheses
title_full Central Nervous System Targets and Routes for SARS-CoV-2: Current Views and New Hypotheses
title_fullStr Central Nervous System Targets and Routes for SARS-CoV-2: Current Views and New Hypotheses
title_full_unstemmed Central Nervous System Targets and Routes for SARS-CoV-2: Current Views and New Hypotheses
title_sort Central Nervous System Targets and Routes for SARS-CoV-2: Current Views and New Hypotheses
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Barrantes, Francisco Jose
author Barrantes, Francisco Jose
author_facet Barrantes, Francisco Jose
author_role author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv ACE2
ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME 2
BRAIN
COVID-19
NEUROTROPIC VIRUS
RECEPTOR
SARS-COV-2
TMPRSS2
VIRAL INFECTION
topic ACE2
ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME 2
BRAIN
COVID-19
NEUROTROPIC VIRUS
RECEPTOR
SARS-COV-2
TMPRSS2
VIRAL INFECTION
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3.1
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic unfolds, neurological signs and symptoms reflect the involvement of targets beyond the primary lung effects. The etiological agent of COVID-19, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), exhibits neurotropism for central and peripheral nervous systems. Various infective mechanisms and paths can be exploited by the virus to reach the central nervous system, some of which bypass the blood-brain barrier; others alter its integrity. Numerous studies have established beyond doubt that the membrane-bound metalloprotease angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) performs the role of SARS-CoV-2 host-cell receptor. Histochemical studies and more recently transcriptomics of mRNA have dissected the cellular localization of the ACE2 enzyme in various tissues, including the central nervous system. Epithelial cells lining the nasal mucosae, the upper respiratory tract, and the oral cavity, bronchoalveolar cells type II in the pulmonary parenchyma, and intestinal enterocytes display ACE2 binding sites at their cell surfaces, making these epithelial mucosae the most likely viral entry points. Neuronal and glial cells and endothelial cells in the central nervous system also express ACE2. This short review analyzes the known entry points and routes followed by the SARS-CoV-2 to reach the central nervous system and postulates new hypothetical pathways stemming from the enterocytes lining the intestinal lumen.
Fil: Barrantes, Francisco Jose. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina
description As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic unfolds, neurological signs and symptoms reflect the involvement of targets beyond the primary lung effects. The etiological agent of COVID-19, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), exhibits neurotropism for central and peripheral nervous systems. Various infective mechanisms and paths can be exploited by the virus to reach the central nervous system, some of which bypass the blood-brain barrier; others alter its integrity. Numerous studies have established beyond doubt that the membrane-bound metalloprotease angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) performs the role of SARS-CoV-2 host-cell receptor. Histochemical studies and more recently transcriptomics of mRNA have dissected the cellular localization of the ACE2 enzyme in various tissues, including the central nervous system. Epithelial cells lining the nasal mucosae, the upper respiratory tract, and the oral cavity, bronchoalveolar cells type II in the pulmonary parenchyma, and intestinal enterocytes display ACE2 binding sites at their cell surfaces, making these epithelial mucosae the most likely viral entry points. Neuronal and glial cells and endothelial cells in the central nervous system also express ACE2. This short review analyzes the known entry points and routes followed by the SARS-CoV-2 to reach the central nervous system and postulates new hypothetical pathways stemming from the enterocytes lining the intestinal lumen.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2020-09
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/118977
Barrantes, Francisco Jose; Central Nervous System Targets and Routes for SARS-CoV-2: Current Views and New Hypotheses; American Chemical Society Inc; ACS Chemical Neuroscience; 11; 18; 9-2020; 2793-2803
1948-7193
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/118977
identifier_str_mv Barrantes, Francisco Jose; Central Nervous System Targets and Routes for SARS-CoV-2: Current Views and New Hypotheses; American Chemical Society Inc; ACS Chemical Neuroscience; 11; 18; 9-2020; 2793-2803
1948-7193
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00434
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00434
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv American Chemical Society Inc
publisher.none.fl_str_mv American Chemical Society Inc
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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score 13.070432

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