Mechanisms of adaptation and evolution in Toxoplasma gondii

Autores
Ángel, Sergio Oscar; Vanagas, Laura; Alonso, Andrés Mariano
Año de publicación
2024
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Toxoplasma has high host flexibility, infecting all nucleated cells of mammals and birds. This implies that duringits infective process the parasite must constantly adapt to different environmental situations, which in turn leadsto modifications in its metabolism, regulation of gene transcription, translation of mRNAs and stage specificfactors. There are conserved pathways that support these adaptations, which we aim to elucidate in this review.We begin by exploring the widespread epigenetic mechanisms and transcription regulators, continue with thesupportive role of Heat Shock Proteins (Hsp), the translation regulation, stress granules, and finish with theemergence of contingency genes in highly variable genomic domains, such as subtelomeres. Within epigenetics,the discovery of a new histone variant of the H2B family (H2B.Z), contributing to T. gondii virulence and differentiation, but also gene expression regulation and its association with the metabolic state of the parasite, ishighlighted. Associated with the regulation of gene expression are transcription factors (TFs). An overview of themain findings on TF and development is presented. We also emphasize the role of Hsp90 and Tgj1 in T. gondiimetabolic fitness and the regulation of protein translation. Translation regulation is also highlighted as amechanism for adaptation to conditions encountered by the parasite as well as stress granules containing mRNAand proteins generated in the extracellular tachyzoite. Another important aspect in evolution and adaptabilityare the subtelomeres because of their high variability and gene duplication rate. Toxoplasma possess multigenefamilies of membrane proteins and contingency genes that are associated with different metabolic stresses.Among them parasite differentiation and environmental stresses stand out, including those that lead tachyzoiteto bradyzoite conversion. Finally, we are interested in positioning protozoa as valuable evolution models,focusing on research related to the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis, based on models recently generated, such asextracellular adaptation and ex vivo cyst recrudescence.
Fil: Ángel, Sergio Oscar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; Argentina
Fil: Vanagas, Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; Argentina
Fil: Alonso, Andrés Mariano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; Argentina
Materia
TOXOPLASMA
EPIGENETICS
HEAT SHOCK
SUBTELOMERES
EXTENDED EVOLUTIONARY SYNTHESIS
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso embargado
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/230929
Acceder
id CONICETDig_97e8f1223511c9f404cffb104f527669
oai_identifier_str oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/230929
network_acronym_str CONICETDig
repository_id_str 3498
network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Mechanisms of adaptation and evolution in Toxoplasma gondiiÁngel, Sergio OscarVanagas, LauraAlonso, Andrés MarianoTOXOPLASMAEPIGENETICSHEAT SHOCKSUBTELOMERESEXTENDED EVOLUTIONARY SYNTHESIShttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Toxoplasma has high host flexibility, infecting all nucleated cells of mammals and birds. This implies that duringits infective process the parasite must constantly adapt to different environmental situations, which in turn leadsto modifications in its metabolism, regulation of gene transcription, translation of mRNAs and stage specificfactors. There are conserved pathways that support these adaptations, which we aim to elucidate in this review.We begin by exploring the widespread epigenetic mechanisms and transcription regulators, continue with thesupportive role of Heat Shock Proteins (Hsp), the translation regulation, stress granules, and finish with theemergence of contingency genes in highly variable genomic domains, such as subtelomeres. Within epigenetics,the discovery of a new histone variant of the H2B family (H2B.Z), contributing to T. gondii virulence and differentiation, but also gene expression regulation and its association with the metabolic state of the parasite, ishighlighted. Associated with the regulation of gene expression are transcription factors (TFs). An overview of themain findings on TF and development is presented. We also emphasize the role of Hsp90 and Tgj1 in T. gondiimetabolic fitness and the regulation of protein translation. Translation regulation is also highlighted as amechanism for adaptation to conditions encountered by the parasite as well as stress granules containing mRNAand proteins generated in the extracellular tachyzoite. Another important aspect in evolution and adaptabilityare the subtelomeres because of their high variability and gene duplication rate. Toxoplasma possess multigenefamilies of membrane proteins and contingency genes that are associated with different metabolic stresses.Among them parasite differentiation and environmental stresses stand out, including those that lead tachyzoiteto bradyzoite conversion. Finally, we are interested in positioning protozoa as valuable evolution models,focusing on research related to the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis, based on models recently generated, such asextracellular adaptation and ex vivo cyst recrudescence.Fil: Ángel, Sergio Oscar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Vanagas, Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Alonso, Andrés Mariano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; ArgentinaElsevier Science2024-02info:eu-repo/date/embargoEnd/2024-08-19info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/230929Ángel, Sergio Oscar; Vanagas, Laura; Alonso, Andrés Mariano; Mechanisms of adaptation and evolution in Toxoplasma gondii; Elsevier Science; Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology; 258; 2-2024; 1-130166-6851CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0166685124000082info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-10-22T11:18:14Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/230929instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-10-22 11:18:14.739CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Mechanisms of adaptation and evolution in Toxoplasma gondii
title Mechanisms of adaptation and evolution in Toxoplasma gondii
spellingShingle Mechanisms of adaptation and evolution in Toxoplasma gondii
Ángel, Sergio Oscar
TOXOPLASMA
EPIGENETICS
HEAT SHOCK
SUBTELOMERES
EXTENDED EVOLUTIONARY SYNTHESIS
title_short Mechanisms of adaptation and evolution in Toxoplasma gondii
title_full Mechanisms of adaptation and evolution in Toxoplasma gondii
title_fullStr Mechanisms of adaptation and evolution in Toxoplasma gondii
title_full_unstemmed Mechanisms of adaptation and evolution in Toxoplasma gondii
title_sort Mechanisms of adaptation and evolution in Toxoplasma gondii
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Ángel, Sergio Oscar
Vanagas, Laura
Alonso, Andrés Mariano
author Ángel, Sergio Oscar
author_facet Ángel, Sergio Oscar
Vanagas, Laura
Alonso, Andrés Mariano
author_role author
author2 Vanagas, Laura
Alonso, Andrés Mariano
author2_role author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv TOXOPLASMA
EPIGENETICS
HEAT SHOCK
SUBTELOMERES
EXTENDED EVOLUTIONARY SYNTHESIS
topic TOXOPLASMA
EPIGENETICS
HEAT SHOCK
SUBTELOMERES
EXTENDED EVOLUTIONARY SYNTHESIS
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Toxoplasma has high host flexibility, infecting all nucleated cells of mammals and birds. This implies that duringits infective process the parasite must constantly adapt to different environmental situations, which in turn leadsto modifications in its metabolism, regulation of gene transcription, translation of mRNAs and stage specificfactors. There are conserved pathways that support these adaptations, which we aim to elucidate in this review.We begin by exploring the widespread epigenetic mechanisms and transcription regulators, continue with thesupportive role of Heat Shock Proteins (Hsp), the translation regulation, stress granules, and finish with theemergence of contingency genes in highly variable genomic domains, such as subtelomeres. Within epigenetics,the discovery of a new histone variant of the H2B family (H2B.Z), contributing to T. gondii virulence and differentiation, but also gene expression regulation and its association with the metabolic state of the parasite, ishighlighted. Associated with the regulation of gene expression are transcription factors (TFs). An overview of themain findings on TF and development is presented. We also emphasize the role of Hsp90 and Tgj1 in T. gondiimetabolic fitness and the regulation of protein translation. Translation regulation is also highlighted as amechanism for adaptation to conditions encountered by the parasite as well as stress granules containing mRNAand proteins generated in the extracellular tachyzoite. Another important aspect in evolution and adaptabilityare the subtelomeres because of their high variability and gene duplication rate. Toxoplasma possess multigenefamilies of membrane proteins and contingency genes that are associated with different metabolic stresses.Among them parasite differentiation and environmental stresses stand out, including those that lead tachyzoiteto bradyzoite conversion. Finally, we are interested in positioning protozoa as valuable evolution models,focusing on research related to the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis, based on models recently generated, such asextracellular adaptation and ex vivo cyst recrudescence.
Fil: Ángel, Sergio Oscar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; Argentina
Fil: Vanagas, Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; Argentina
Fil: Alonso, Andrés Mariano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; Argentina
description Toxoplasma has high host flexibility, infecting all nucleated cells of mammals and birds. This implies that duringits infective process the parasite must constantly adapt to different environmental situations, which in turn leadsto modifications in its metabolism, regulation of gene transcription, translation of mRNAs and stage specificfactors. There are conserved pathways that support these adaptations, which we aim to elucidate in this review.We begin by exploring the widespread epigenetic mechanisms and transcription regulators, continue with thesupportive role of Heat Shock Proteins (Hsp), the translation regulation, stress granules, and finish with theemergence of contingency genes in highly variable genomic domains, such as subtelomeres. Within epigenetics,the discovery of a new histone variant of the H2B family (H2B.Z), contributing to T. gondii virulence and differentiation, but also gene expression regulation and its association with the metabolic state of the parasite, ishighlighted. Associated with the regulation of gene expression are transcription factors (TFs). An overview of themain findings on TF and development is presented. We also emphasize the role of Hsp90 and Tgj1 in T. gondiimetabolic fitness and the regulation of protein translation. Translation regulation is also highlighted as amechanism for adaptation to conditions encountered by the parasite as well as stress granules containing mRNAand proteins generated in the extracellular tachyzoite. Another important aspect in evolution and adaptabilityare the subtelomeres because of their high variability and gene duplication rate. Toxoplasma possess multigenefamilies of membrane proteins and contingency genes that are associated with different metabolic stresses.Among them parasite differentiation and environmental stresses stand out, including those that lead tachyzoiteto bradyzoite conversion. Finally, we are interested in positioning protozoa as valuable evolution models,focusing on research related to the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis, based on models recently generated, such asextracellular adaptation and ex vivo cyst recrudescence.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024-02
info:eu-repo/date/embargoEnd/2024-08-19
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/230929
Ángel, Sergio Oscar; Vanagas, Laura; Alonso, Andrés Mariano; Mechanisms of adaptation and evolution in Toxoplasma gondii; Elsevier Science; Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology; 258; 2-2024; 1-13
0166-6851
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/230929
identifier_str_mv Ángel, Sergio Oscar; Vanagas, Laura; Alonso, Andrés Mariano; Mechanisms of adaptation and evolution in Toxoplasma gondii; Elsevier Science; Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology; 258; 2-2024; 1-13
0166-6851
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0166685124000082
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv embargoedAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier Science
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier Science
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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