Relationships of the wild peanut species, section Arachis : A resource for botanical classification, crop improvement, and germplasm management

• Autores: Leal Bertioli, Soraya C.M.; de Blas, Francisco Javier; Carolina Chavarro, M.; Simpson, Charles E.; Valls, José Francisco M.; Tallury, Shyam P.; Moretzsohn, Márcio C.; Custodio, Adriana R.; Thomas Stalker, H.; Seijo, José Guillermo; Bertioli, David J.
• Año de publicación: 2024
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Materia: Crop wild relatives; Fabaceae; Germplasm banks; Introgression; Legume; Peanut; Phylogeny; Pre-breeding; Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP); Taxonomy
• Institución: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas

Premise: Wild species are strategic sources of valuable traits to be introduced into crops through hybridization. For peanut, the 33 currently described wild species in the section Arachis are particularly important because of their sexual compatibility with the domesticated species, Arachis hypogaea. Although numerous wild accessions are carefully preserved in seed banks, their morphological similarities pose challenges to routine classification. Methods: Using a high‐density array, we genotyped 272 accessions encompassing all diploid species in section Arachis. Detailed relationships between accessions and species were revealed through phylogenetic analyses and interpreted using the expertise of germplasm collectors and curators. Results: Two main groups were identified: one with A genome species and the other with B, D, F, G, and K genomes. Species groupings generally showed clear boundaries. Structure within groups was informative, for instance, revealing the history of the proto‐domesticate A. stenosperma. However, some groupings suggested multiple sibling species. Others were polyphyletic, indicating the need for taxonomic revision. Annual species were better defined than perennial ones, revealing limitations in applying classical and phylogenetic species concepts to the genus. We suggest new species assignments for several accessions. Conclusions: Curated by germplasm collectors and curators, this analysis of species relationships lays the foundation for future species descriptions, classification of unknown accessions, and germplasm use for peanut improvement. It supports the conservation and curation of current germplasm, both critical tasks considering the threats to the genus posed by habitat loss and the current restrictions on new collections and germplasm transfer.
Fil: Leal Bertioli, Soraya C.M.. University Of Georgia. College Of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences;
Fil: de Blas, Francisco Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina. University Of Georgia. College Of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences;
Fil: Carolina Chavarro, M.. University Of Georgia. College Of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences;
Fil: Simpson, Charles E.. Texas A&M University; Estados Unidos
Fil: Valls, José Francisco M.. Ministerio da Agricultura Pecuaria e Abastecimento de Brasil. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria; Brasil
Fil: Tallury, Shyam P.. The Federal Government of the United States. Department of Agriculture; Argentina
Fil: Moretzsohn, Márcio C.. Ministerio da Agricultura Pecuaria e Abastecimento de Brasil. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria; Brasil
Fil: Custodio, Adriana R.. Ministerio da Agricultura Pecuaria e Abastecimento de Brasil. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria; Brasil
Fil: Thomas Stalker, H.. North Carolina State University; Estados Unidos
Fil: Seijo, José Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura; Argentina
Fil: Bertioli, David J.. University Of Georgia. College Of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences;