Illuminating the inner retina of vertebrates: Nonvisual photopigments with novel functions

Autores
Guido, Mario Eduardo
Año de publicación
2020
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Throughout evolution, the need to detect light has generated highly specialized photoreceptor cells that in vertebrates are mainly located in the retina. The most studied photodetectors within these cells are the visual photoreceptors "cones and rods" responsible for day and night vision, respectively. These cells contain photosensitive molecules consisting of a protein part called ?opsin? that binds a chromophore derived from vitamin A, retinaldehyde, capable of photoisomerizing from 11-cis retinal to all-trans retinal form, and triggering the light responses that lead to vision. However, other cells of the inner retina of vertebrates (retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), horizontal cells (HCs), and Muller´s glial cells) are currently known to express non-visual photopigments such as melanopsin (Opn4), encephalopsin (Opn3 ) and neuropsin (Opn5), which would be involved in diverse functions not associated with imaging. Melanopsin is the most widely studied of them, it is expressed in intrinsically photosensitive RGCs (ipRGCs) and HCs of the chicken retina and participates in setting the biological clock, the pupillary light reflex, and presumably in other reflex and subconscious functions, in addition to the lateral interaction between visual photoreceptors and HCs. It is noteworthy that these non-visual photopigments (Opn3, Opn4 and Opn5) respond to blue and/or near violet region light. This particular photosensitivity may provide individuals with a broader spectrum of response to light stimulation within the visible beyond the scope of the visual photoreceptors, regulating an important number of functions not yet completely identified. We can conclude that a constellation of cells and photoreceptor molecules are present in the inner retina of vertebrates, and from very early stages of development, even before any sign of vision may occur.
Fil: Guido, Mario Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba; Argentina
Materia
Opsinas no-visuales
Retina
Fotorreceptores
Luz azul
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/130526
Acceder
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network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Illuminating the inner retina of vertebrates: Nonvisual photopigments with novel functionsGuido, Mario EduardoOpsinas no-visualesRetinaFotorreceptoresLuz azulhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Throughout evolution, the need to detect light has generated highly specialized photoreceptor cells that in vertebrates are mainly located in the retina. The most studied photodetectors within these cells are the visual photoreceptors "cones and rods" responsible for day and night vision, respectively. These cells contain photosensitive molecules consisting of a protein part called ?opsin? that binds a chromophore derived from vitamin A, retinaldehyde, capable of photoisomerizing from 11-cis retinal to all-trans retinal form, and triggering the light responses that lead to vision. However, other cells of the inner retina of vertebrates (retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), horizontal cells (HCs), and Muller´s glial cells) are currently known to express non-visual photopigments such as melanopsin (Opn4), encephalopsin (Opn3 ) and neuropsin (Opn5), which would be involved in diverse functions not associated with imaging. Melanopsin is the most widely studied of them, it is expressed in intrinsically photosensitive RGCs (ipRGCs) and HCs of the chicken retina and participates in setting the biological clock, the pupillary light reflex, and presumably in other reflex and subconscious functions, in addition to the lateral interaction between visual photoreceptors and HCs. It is noteworthy that these non-visual photopigments (Opn3, Opn4 and Opn5) respond to blue and/or near violet region light. This particular photosensitivity may provide individuals with a broader spectrum of response to light stimulation within the visible beyond the scope of the visual photoreceptors, regulating an important number of functions not yet completely identified. We can conclude that a constellation of cells and photoreceptor molecules are present in the inner retina of vertebrates, and from very early stages of development, even before any sign of vision may occur.Fil: Guido, Mario Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba; ArgentinaCentro de Estudios sobre Ciencia, Desarrollo y Educacion Superior2020-12info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/130526Guido, Mario Eduardo; Illuminating the inner retina of vertebrates: Nonvisual photopigments with novel functions; Centro de Estudios sobre Ciencia, Desarrollo y Educacion Superior; Science review from the end of the world; 2; 1; 12-2020; 7-172683-9288CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://scirevfew.net/index.php/sciencereviews/article/view/35info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-03T09:59:47Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/130526instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-03 09:59:48.141CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Illuminating the inner retina of vertebrates: Nonvisual photopigments with novel functions
title Illuminating the inner retina of vertebrates: Nonvisual photopigments with novel functions
spellingShingle Illuminating the inner retina of vertebrates: Nonvisual photopigments with novel functions
Guido, Mario Eduardo
Opsinas no-visuales
Retina
Fotorreceptores
Luz azul
title_short Illuminating the inner retina of vertebrates: Nonvisual photopigments with novel functions
title_full Illuminating the inner retina of vertebrates: Nonvisual photopigments with novel functions
title_fullStr Illuminating the inner retina of vertebrates: Nonvisual photopigments with novel functions
title_full_unstemmed Illuminating the inner retina of vertebrates: Nonvisual photopigments with novel functions
title_sort Illuminating the inner retina of vertebrates: Nonvisual photopigments with novel functions
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Guido, Mario Eduardo
author Guido, Mario Eduardo
author_facet Guido, Mario Eduardo
author_role author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Opsinas no-visuales
Retina
Fotorreceptores
Luz azul
topic Opsinas no-visuales
Retina
Fotorreceptores
Luz azul
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Throughout evolution, the need to detect light has generated highly specialized photoreceptor cells that in vertebrates are mainly located in the retina. The most studied photodetectors within these cells are the visual photoreceptors "cones and rods" responsible for day and night vision, respectively. These cells contain photosensitive molecules consisting of a protein part called ?opsin? that binds a chromophore derived from vitamin A, retinaldehyde, capable of photoisomerizing from 11-cis retinal to all-trans retinal form, and triggering the light responses that lead to vision. However, other cells of the inner retina of vertebrates (retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), horizontal cells (HCs), and Muller´s glial cells) are currently known to express non-visual photopigments such as melanopsin (Opn4), encephalopsin (Opn3 ) and neuropsin (Opn5), which would be involved in diverse functions not associated with imaging. Melanopsin is the most widely studied of them, it is expressed in intrinsically photosensitive RGCs (ipRGCs) and HCs of the chicken retina and participates in setting the biological clock, the pupillary light reflex, and presumably in other reflex and subconscious functions, in addition to the lateral interaction between visual photoreceptors and HCs. It is noteworthy that these non-visual photopigments (Opn3, Opn4 and Opn5) respond to blue and/or near violet region light. This particular photosensitivity may provide individuals with a broader spectrum of response to light stimulation within the visible beyond the scope of the visual photoreceptors, regulating an important number of functions not yet completely identified. We can conclude that a constellation of cells and photoreceptor molecules are present in the inner retina of vertebrates, and from very early stages of development, even before any sign of vision may occur.
Fil: Guido, Mario Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba; Argentina
description Throughout evolution, the need to detect light has generated highly specialized photoreceptor cells that in vertebrates are mainly located in the retina. The most studied photodetectors within these cells are the visual photoreceptors "cones and rods" responsible for day and night vision, respectively. These cells contain photosensitive molecules consisting of a protein part called ?opsin? that binds a chromophore derived from vitamin A, retinaldehyde, capable of photoisomerizing from 11-cis retinal to all-trans retinal form, and triggering the light responses that lead to vision. However, other cells of the inner retina of vertebrates (retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), horizontal cells (HCs), and Muller´s glial cells) are currently known to express non-visual photopigments such as melanopsin (Opn4), encephalopsin (Opn3 ) and neuropsin (Opn5), which would be involved in diverse functions not associated with imaging. Melanopsin is the most widely studied of them, it is expressed in intrinsically photosensitive RGCs (ipRGCs) and HCs of the chicken retina and participates in setting the biological clock, the pupillary light reflex, and presumably in other reflex and subconscious functions, in addition to the lateral interaction between visual photoreceptors and HCs. It is noteworthy that these non-visual photopigments (Opn3, Opn4 and Opn5) respond to blue and/or near violet region light. This particular photosensitivity may provide individuals with a broader spectrum of response to light stimulation within the visible beyond the scope of the visual photoreceptors, regulating an important number of functions not yet completely identified. We can conclude that a constellation of cells and photoreceptor molecules are present in the inner retina of vertebrates, and from very early stages of development, even before any sign of vision may occur.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2020-12
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/130526
Guido, Mario Eduardo; Illuminating the inner retina of vertebrates: Nonvisual photopigments with novel functions; Centro de Estudios sobre Ciencia, Desarrollo y Educacion Superior; Science review from the end of the world; 2; 1; 12-2020; 7-17
2683-9288
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/130526
identifier_str_mv Guido, Mario Eduardo; Illuminating the inner retina of vertebrates: Nonvisual photopigments with novel functions; Centro de Estudios sobre Ciencia, Desarrollo y Educacion Superior; Science review from the end of the world; 2; 1; 12-2020; 7-17
2683-9288
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://scirevfew.net/index.php/sciencereviews/article/view/35
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Centro de Estudios sobre Ciencia, Desarrollo y Educacion Superior
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Centro de Estudios sobre Ciencia, Desarrollo y Educacion Superior
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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score 13.13397

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